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Tetrachlorohydroquinone

    • Product Name Tetrachlorohydroquinone
    • Alias 2,3,5,6-Tetrachloro-1,4-benzenediol
    • Einecs 209-072-9
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
    VTB
    Specifications

    HS Code

    249567

    Cas Number 4433-79-8
    Molecular Formula C6H2Cl4O2
    Molecular Weight 247.89 g/mol
    Synonyms 2,3,5,6-Tetrachloro-1,4-benzenediol
    Appearance White to off-white solid
    Melting Point 256-258 °C
    Solubility In Water Slightly soluble
    Boiling Point Decomposes
    Density 1.84 g/cm3
    Chemical Structure Cl2C6H2(OH)2Cl2
    Odor Odorless
    Stability Stable under normal temperatures and pressures

    As an accredited Tetrachlorohydroquinone factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing Tetrachlorohydroquinone, 500g, is packaged in a sealed, amber glass bottle with a secure screw cap and clear hazard labels.
    Shipping Tetrachlorohydroquinone should be shipped in tightly sealed, corrosion-resistant containers, clearly labeled with hazard information. It must be transported according to local and international chemical regulations, protected from moisture and incompatible substances. Ensure proper documentation accompanies the shipment, and all handlers are trained in safe handling procedures due to its toxic and potentially hazardous nature.
    Storage Tetrachlorohydroquinone should be stored in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers and bases. It should be kept away from moisture and stored at room temperature. Proper labeling and secondary containment are recommended to prevent accidental exposure, spills, or contamination.
    Application of Tetrachlorohydroquinone

    Applications of Tetrachlorohydroquinone in Industrial Manufacturing

    As an experienced primary producer of tetrachlorohydroquinone, we support critical sectors that require consistent, high-quality chlorinated aromatic compounds. The following sectors represent proven downstream applications, each with specific industry standards, technical usage practices, and finished product requirements.

    1. Intermediate for Agrochemical Synthesis (Herbicide Production)

    Tetrachlorohydroquinone is a vital intermediate in the synthesis of various triazine-class herbicides. Agrochemical manufacturers rely on this compound for introducing chlorine atoms during the formation of active moieties. It plays a key role in multi-step synthesis routes, especially in chlorination, oxidation, and coupling reactions, efficiently supporting continuous-flow and batch production plants. Manufacturers accurately adjust feed rate and reaction conditions to control purity, prevent side reactions, and meet downstream quality targets required for large-scale crop protection ingredients.

    Industry compliance standards

    • FAO/WHO Specification for Pesticide Technical Grade (FAO/WHO, 2020)
    • REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 for registration and handling
    • ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management Systems for manufacturing traceability
    • China National Standards for Agrochemical Inputs (GB/T 1604-2010)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.12–0.25 molar equivalents relative to main herbicide precursor, precisely controlled according to stoichiometry and desired chlorination degree

    Downstream process integration

    • Added during the chlorination or hydroxylation stage, commonly fed into glass-lined or stainless steel reactors under controlled temperature and oxygenation, with continuous in-process monitoring of residual chlorinated intermediates

    Final product types

    • Technical-grade triazine herbicides (e.g., simazine, atrazine precursors)
    • Complex pesticide intermediates
    • Granular and suspension concentrate formulations for crop application
    • Bulk active ingredients for compounding agri-solutions

    2. Dye Intermediate Manufacturing (Chlorinated Aromatic Dye Precursors)

    Tetrachlorohydroquinone serves as a controlled precursor in the synthesis of chlorinated quinone dye intermediates, enabling specific substitution patterns for custom pigment and dye performance. Dye plants incorporate it during condensation and oxidative coupling reactions to achieve sharply defined color characteristics in finished products. Strict monitoring ensures batch consistency, critical for fiber, paper, and plastic coloration. Adjustments in additive ratio and reaction environment align with target chromophore requirements for each dye series.

    Industry compliance standards

    • Oeko-Tex Standard 100 Restricted Substances List
    • EU REACH Annex XVII (for aromatic amines and chlorinated organics)
    • ISO 1833 Textile Test Methods (fiber compatibility)
    • ZDHC MRSL V3.1 (Zero Discharge Hazardous Chemicals)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.08–0.15 weight fractions in total dye precursor feed, adjusted for target chromatic intensity and solvent system

    Downstream process integration

    • Metered addition during oxidative coupling in closed-reactor systems, followed by filtration, neutralization, and purification; real-time colorimetry and high-performance liquid chromatography ensure desired substitution pattern

    Final product types

    • Reactive chlorinated dyes for cotton and viscose fibers
    • Quinone pigment dispersions for plastic coloration
    • High-stability colorfast dyes for paper and specialty coatings
    • Pigment concentrate pastes for ink manufacturing

    3. Halogenated Pharmaceutical Intermediate Synthesis

    The controlled halogen profile of tetrachlorohydroquinone enables its selective use as a raw material in the multi-step synthesis of specific halogenated pharmaceutical intermediates. API manufacturers employ this compound for introducing defined chloro-substituted moieties onto aromatic backbones within tightly regulated environments. Careful process control and analytical verification underpin each batch to meet stringent pharmaceutical validation and eliminate unreacted residues or by-products. Inclusion level and purification steps vary by synthetic route and regulatory dossier requirements.

    Industry compliance standards

    • Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) per ICH Q7
    • Ph. Eur./USP/JP harmonized monographs for starting materials and intermediates
    • US FDA 21 CFR Part 211 for pharmaceutical raw materials
    • Internal Qualified Person (QP) release procedures

    Typical usage ratio

    • Batch-specific, typically 0.05–0.13 molar equivalents, calculated based on the final molecule’s degree of chlorination and process validation results

    Downstream process integration

    • Dosed into key halogenation or aromatic coupling reactions under inert gas blankets; subsequent purification steps involve solvent extraction, activated carbon treatment, and recrystallization to achieve tight impurity profiles

    Final product types

    • Pharmaceutical intermediates for antiprotozoal and antiviral drug synthesis
    • Halogenated building blocks destined for further derivatization
    • Platform intermediates in contract API production
    • Reference standards for pharmaceutical QC labs

    4. Specialty Polymer Additive (Stabilizer and Crosslinking Agent)

    Polymer facilities incorporate tetrachlorohydroquinone as a process additive to enhance thermal stability and control crosslink density in select specialty thermoset resin systems. The compound’s unique chlorinated hydroquinone structure allows precise tuning of polymer chain properties, particularly in heat- and chemical-resistant plastics used in electronics and automotive applications. Addition parameters and process configuration depend on the resin technology and application demands, ensuring that trace levels meet safety and extractable limits.

    Industry compliance standards

    • UL 94 Flammability for plastics
    • RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU (for additive trace levels)
    • ISO 1043 for identification and labeling of plastics
    • IEC 60695 for electrical insulator materials

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.02–0.08 phr (parts per hundred resin), adapted by polymer chemists according to targeted crosslinking level and thermal property requirements

    Downstream process integration

    • Blended into resin masterbatch using high-shear mixing; subsequent extrusion or reactive molding incorporates crosslink formation in the presence of catalysts and monitored by infrared spectroscopy and gel content analysis

    Final product types

    • Epoxy and phenolic thermoset insulators
    • Heat-stable engineering plastics for E&E housings
    • High-resilience microcellular foam additives
    • Specialty automotive molding compounds

    5. Photographic Chemical Synthesis (Color Developer Formulation)

    Advanced photographic chemical manufacturers utilize tetrachlorohydroquinone in the preparation of specialty color developer solutions, especially in high-resolution imaging and microfilm processing. It functions as a key reductant and halogen carrier, ensuring precise image development, minimized staining, and extended bath lifetime. Addition levels are strictly controlled to align with process throughput and required image density, with in-line monitoring supporting real-time adjustments to meet industry QC protocols for sensitized materials.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 6846:2001 (Chemicals for photography — General specifications)
    • ANSI/NAPM IT9.1 for photographic processing chemistry
    • Industrial Hygiene and Safety Standards for workplace handling (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200)
    • Internal photographic chemical quality SOPs

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.06–0.12 g/L in developer baths, optimized by product engineers based on target color balance, emulsion speed, and throughput demands

    Downstream process integration

    • Dosed into aqueous developer concentrate preparation; followed by dissolution, fine filtration, and blending with chelating agents under low-light conditions; batch QC by densitometry and trace impurity analysis

    Final product types

    • Color photographic developer concentrates
    • Microfilm and aerial imaging chemical kits
    • High-resolution motion picture developing solutions
    • Archival-quality photo finishing compounds
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    Tetrachlorohydroquinone: Consistent Quality from Direct Manufacture

    Introduction from Our Factory Floor

    As chemical manufacturers who have handled hundreds of specialty chlorinated organics, we have found that tetrachlorohydroquinone, often abbreviated as TCHQ and recognized by its molecular formula C6Cl4(OH)2, offers a unique position in both industrial and research applications. The process starts with a stringent synthesis pathway that typically involves hydroquinone and chlorination under carefully controlled conditions. Each step in our facility receives targeted monitoring, because purity drives value and safety for users down the production chain.

    Our warehouses never stock leftover blends from other people’s batches. Everything leaves our reactors according to the specification demanded by clients who have grown fed up with surprises from secondary traders or the inefficiency of inconsistent materials. Sourcing straight from our reactors, customers avoid the frustration of undependable coloring or off-odors, which tend to sneak in when storage and handling are out of your hands.

    Product Characteristics Shaped by Direct Synthesis

    Tetrachlorohydroquinone comes out of our lines in a fine, off-white crystalline form. Over the years, colleagues in the industry have commented that some samples from distributors carry a yellow tinge, indicating either degraded stock or mishandled intermediates. Our team makes fresh batches for each order, drawing on decades of cumulative experience. Typical purity levels approach or exceed 99 percent by HPLC, with main impurities (such as trichlorohydroquinone or pentachlorohydroquinone) kept well below half a percent. Moisture and trace residual solvents are scrutinized by Karl Fischer and GC–MS.

    Our facility’s environmental management system also means that every kilo of product comes from a reaction path that reduces waste by reclaiming hydrochloric acid and minimizing exposure to chlorinated byproducts. We believe it pays back over time, not just for cost, but for the workspace environment of our reaction teams and the broader community’s water-table.

    Model Options and Particle Size Control

    We manufacture several particle sizes for tetrachlorohydroquinone, which emerge naturally from the crystallization process. Some clients use the product for specialty polymers, so a finer mesh (about 60 to 80) provides consistent mixing and reactivity. Others request coarse-grained product, favoring easier filtration and rinsing in synthesis. We control our grinding and screening in a humidity-stabilized area with regular checks for foreign particles. The goal from our side is to save customers time dissolving aggregates or filtering stray oversized crystals, based on feedback we’ve heard over the years.

    Some rival sources, especially bulk traders, provide material that has been repackaged so often that particle size grades blur together. We avoid this by handling each batch with minimal rescreening or repackaging. Every container has full traceability back to the reactor, not just a batch number scribbled on a sticker.

    Making the Difference: Comparison with Other Phenolics

    Some buyers ask about the distinction between our tetrachlorohydroquinone and related phenolic compounds. For instance, regular hydroquinone, with no chlorine, finds common use in photographic developers or reducing agents, but lacks the electron-withdrawing effect that comes with chlorination. This effect proves essential for professionals working in dye synthesis and pharmaceutical intermediates, where electron density strongly affects coupling and reactivity.

    Trichlorohydroquinone and pentachlorohydroquinone do appear on the market, but experience tells us their commercial use overlaps with ours only in narrow circumstances. Tetrachlorohydroquinone acts as a more selective coupling agent for high-value dyes or advanced materials. Its stability profile differs; four chlorines lend oxidative resistance that clients in the colorant sector need. Trichloro-substituted material tends to need stricter temperature controls and often gives variable results in downstream reaction yields.

    Applications: What Our Clients Do with TCHQ

    Dispersion dyes and intermediates for synthetic fibers anchor the majority of demand for tetrachlorohydroquinone in our customer base. Chemical engineers on the shopfloor tell us they need finely tuned feedstocks because the final dye’s shade and fastness depend on minimal impurities in raw materials. We ship fresh lots on-call so their storerooms do not tie up capital in product that might degrade waiting for use.

    In organic synthesis laboratories, tetrachlorohydroquinone attracts attention as a specific catalyst and precursor. Medicinal chemistry teams value it in drug-related research for its scaffolding capabilities, where the electronic effects of chlorine atoms can direct functionalization reactions. Other hydroquinones or chlorinated analogs rarely deliver the same regioselectivity, so biochemists prefer it in pilot batches before scaling up larger lots.

    Environmental applications see occasional interest as well, especially where oxidative stability is sought. The addition of multiple chlorine atoms shifts redox characteristics, an effect that applies in specialty filtration, advanced oxidation processes, or certain sensor materials. Compared to monochlorohydroquinone or trichloro versions, which often degrade or leach under field conditions, tetrachlorohydroquinone shows longer shelf life and less risk of unwanted side-product formation.

    Handling, Storage and Client Education

    Working at the source, we see firsthand how small lapses in handling can lead to long-term headaches. Moisture spells trouble. TCHQ picks up water which can start slow decomposition or caking, especially in units sent by rail or during humid seasons. Every outgoing drum goes through double-bag sealing in climate-stabilized storerooms, with silica packs included as routine, not extra service. Customers who plan for extended storage receive fresh packing on request, a practice begun after seeing too many stories of ruined stock from competitors that cut corners on packing.

    TCHQ has a modest odor, not as acrid as pentachlorophenol but detectable even through many layers. Our staff trains in both respiratory and skin protection for direct handling, and we strongly encourage clients working at bench or plant-scale to follow similar practices. With any dust-forming crystal, quality packing and internal labeling prevent confusion on busy plant floors or crowded storerooms.

    Some clients moving from conventional resellers to direct-from-source buying express relief at getting five-kilogram pails or fifty-kilogram drums where only TCHQ has been inside. Repacking introduces risk of cross-contamination, especially in multi-product warehouses, which can be difficult to track once the drum lands at the client’s door. We keep lines clearly separated and document loading, letting customers audit as needed.

    Voices from the Factory and Our User Community

    We have walked clients through process transitions where a shift from technical-grade tetrachlorohydroquinone to our high-purity material simplified filtration and reduced reactivity problems. In one memorable project, a partner seeking a cleaner dye intermediate traced batch failures to residual pentachloro contamination in generic product. Our batch-to-batch consistency allowed their team to operate longer reaction runs without stopping for unplanned purifications. Replication at scale without hiccups matters. That lesson drove us to step up batch testing and blend no material without full-lab signoff.

    Community feedback, often through troubleshooting joint production, helps refine our approach. A polymer manufacturer once pointed out subtle batch color changes after supplier switching, spurring us to investigate every step of our own pigment feedstocks. Through regular colorimetric analysis and returned sample studies, we reduced these shifts to less than what instrumentation can register. Our crews keep up a conversation with every major user group, learning alongside them where existing documentation falls short and real processes surprise.

    Regulatory and Environmental Commitments from a Production Standpoint

    Producing chlorinated organics tasks us as much with responsibility as with commercial opportunity. We track every shipment from reaction tank to end-user site, documenting cleaning solvents and neutralization steps on all process lines. Our compliance teams keep records not for paperwork’s sake, but in response to seeing firsthand where old-style corner-cutting led to persistent environmental issues. Waste recapture in our plant takes priority, especially for handling vented gases and aqueous washes.

    Across increasing regulation of chlorinated compounds worldwide, our operation adapts by auditing raw material sources. We source starting hydroquinone only from suppliers with established handling records, not from anonymous intermediaries. In chlorination, dedicated containment and continuous monitoring reduce the risk of chlorinated byproduct release to barely measurable amounts, well below regional thresholds. All production data — from temperature logs to emissions readings — stays available for client audits.

    Transparency, Safety, and Supply-Chain Security

    Clients looking for assurance want to see more than a certificate. Over the years, gaps in origin tracing have caused costly recalls and re-qualification. We meet this by allowing partner companies to schedule plant visits, observe production runs, and review full documentation. Transparency forms part of our sales relationship; technical questions get handled by the chemists running reactors, not just a separate sales desk.

    Plant-scale manufacturers ask pointed questions about process bottlenecks and potential disruptions. Our response has been to maintain local stocks of both raw hydroquinone and key reagents, insulating the supply chain from jittery import delays. In one recent incident, global shipping slowed, but we covered all standing orders from on-site inventory. Such continuity of supply keeps our regulars returning season after season.

    Long-Term Use and Technical Support

    Consistency matters more than any advertising claim. For over a decade, clients returning for repeat lots of tetrachlorohydroquinone have cited reliable batch testing, tight control of side-product levels, and hands-on feedback. We deliver not just a repeated chemical formula, but a service chain shaped by practical lab and manufacturing needs. A missed spec or careless contamination rarely just means wasted cost — it can mean lost days, failed reactions, and weeks of rework.

    Our technical staff stays available for troubleshooting, whether in conversation with smaller research users planning a process change, or in detailed plant-level consultation for industrial clients. Adjusting particle size, packing, or even delivery schedules based on field experience keeps the material as reliable as the data sheets promise. These direct channels support not just immediate sales, but ongoing process improvements for users pushing performance further with each batch.

    Conclusion: The Manufacturer’s Difference

    In serving industries from dyes to specialty polymers and pharmaceutical research, we bring the benefit of tight production controls, responsive feedback loops, and a deep bench of hands-on chemistry experience. Our tetrachlorohydroquinone comes not just as a number on a specification sheet, but as a supply chain built on transparency, environmental responsibility, and technical partnership. For clients navigating the evolving world of high-purity specialty chemicals, factory-direct access means more than just traceability — it means processes that run smoother, with less downtime, and with a partner always ready to sit down and solve the next challenge.