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HS Code |
450594 |
| Product Name | (S)-3-Amino-4-(4-Fluorophenyl)Butanoic Acid Hydrochloride |
| Chemical Formula | C10H13FNO2·HCl |
| Molecular Weight | 251.68 g/mol |
| Cas Number | 101987-52-2 |
| Appearance | White to off-white solid |
| Purity | Typically ≥98% |
| Solubility | Soluble in water |
| Optical Rotation | [α]D20 = +15° to +25° (c=1, H2O) |
| Storage Conditions | Store at 2-8°C, protected from light and moisture |
| Synonyms | (S)-Pregabalin hydrochloride |
| Boiling Point | Decomposes before boiling |
| Melting Point | 205-210°C (decomposes) |
| Smiles | N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(F)C=C1)C(O)=O.Cl |
| Inchi | InChI=1S/C10H12FNO2.ClH/c11-9-4-2-7(3-5-9)1-6-8(12)10(13)14;/h2-5,8H,1,6,12H2,(H,13,14);1H/t8-/m0/s1 |
As an accredited (S)-3-Amino-4-(4-Fluorophenyl)Butanoic Acid Hydrochloride factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | 25g of (S)-3-Amino-4-(4-Fluorophenyl)Butanoic Acid Hydrochloride in a sealed amber glass bottle with safety and hazard labels. |
| Shipping | (S)-3-Amino-4-(4-Fluorophenyl)butanoic acid hydrochloride is shipped in sealed, airtight containers, protected from light and moisture. The packaging ensures chemical stability and prevents contamination. Shipments comply with relevant safety regulations and may require temperature control, handled by certified couriers to guarantee safe and prompt delivery to laboratories or research facilities. |
| Storage | (S)-3-Amino-4-(4-Fluorophenyl)butanoic acid hydrochloride should be stored in a tightly sealed container, protected from light and moisture. Keep at 2–8°C (refrigerator) to ensure stability. Store in a dry, well-ventilated area, away from incompatible substances such as strong oxidizers. Always follow local regulations and material safety guidelines for safe chemical storage and handling. |
Applications of (S)-3-Amino-4-(4-Fluorophenyl)Butanoic Acid Hydrochloride in Industrial Manufacturing(S)-3-Amino-4-(4-Fluorophenyl)butanoic acid hydrochloride serves as an advanced chiral intermediate in several high-value downstream industries. As the actual manufacturer, we supply this compound with strict process control for incorporation in specialized chemical synthesis and pharmaceutical manufacturing workflows. Below, we detail real-world industrial applications, technical reference metrics, and downstream finished goods for this raw material. 1. Antiepileptic Drug SynthesisThe main application for this compound lies in the synthesis of antiepileptic active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), notably as an advanced precursor in the multi-step process of making gabapentinoid derivatives such as (S)-Pregabalin. Pharmaceutical manufacturers require high chemical purity and defined enantiomeric excess to meet stringent API requirements. Process chemists control input ratios based on reaction scale and anticipated downstream conversion yield. This raw material enters the synthetic route following initial amination and enantioselective hydrogenation steps, typically after route development work has established maximum conversion at pilot scale. Industry compliance standards
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2. Chiral Chemical Intermediates for CNS Drug DevelopmentLeading pharmaceutical R&D groups use this compound as a molecular scaffold for developing new central nervous system (CNS) agents, including neuroprotective and neuropathic pain candidates. Research-scale and pilot-scale synthesis protocols often demand high reproducibility in chiral purity to support clinical trial batch production. Formulators assess usage ratios through structure-activity relationship optimization and may later refine the process during scale-up. The bulk material is typically introduced after resolution or amidation steps, enabling multi-gram or kilogram production of advanced intermediates. Industry compliance standards
Typical usage ratio
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3. Custom Peptide Synthesis for Research ReagentsBiotechnology companies and custom synthesis labs utilize (S)-3-amino-4-(4-fluorophenyl)butanoic acid hydrochloride for the preparation of specialty peptides bearing fluorinated amino acid residues. This enables access to modified peptides with altered binding, stability, or labeling properties, crucial for proteomics, receptor mapping, or diagnostic kit development. Supplier QC ensures that the hydrochloride form is suitable for direct Fmoc or Boc protection and subsequent solid-phase peptide synthesis. Technical staff set the input ratio based on the chain length and desired sequence fidelity. The building block enters after initial resin loading, contributing to the primary structure of custom peptides. Industry compliance standards
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4. Reference Standards and Analytical CalibrationAccredited analytical laboratories require highly pure reference materials for system calibration, analytical method validation, and stability program support. This hydrochloride salt supplies a reliable standard for chromatographic or spectroscopic calibration, particularly where fluorinated analogs are mandatory. Laboratories select the input mass for each analytical cycle based on detection sensitivity and instrument response calibration curves. The reference material directly feeds into analytical workflows, such as HPLC, GC-MS, or NMR quantitation, to set identity and purity thresholds for pharmaceutical and research products. Industry compliance standards
Typical usage ratio
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In the chemical manufacturing world, precision and consistency matter—especially for specialty fine chemicals used in pharmaceutical synthesis and drug research. Producing (S)-3-Amino-4-(4-Fluorophenyl)Butanoic Acid Hydrochloride, a mouthful by any standard, has given us firsthand experience with the demand for well-defined chiral intermediates. The structure—a specific arrangement that includes a fluorinated aromatic ring and an amino acid backbone—takes center stage in several medicinal chemistry programs. Much of its value sits in the purity and stereochemical control, and we have seen requests rise for this compound in labs exploring drug candidates with neurological or metabolic targets. Consistency in chirality not only supports robust research but also minimizes wasted time and materials for those researchers relying on clear, reproducible experimentation.
Through feedstock control, hands-on reaction monitoring, and robust purification routines, our facility has learned to deliver material that passes the most rigorous chiral HPLC tests. (S)-3-Amino-4-(4-Fluorophenyl)Butanoic Acid Hydrochloride is not a bulk commodity; getting it right requires more than a quick run through the reactor. It starts with raw material selection. We source fluorinated aromatic compounds from established supply channels, then run repeated small-scale batches to master the chiral induction. Every run is tracked, not just in spreadsheets but by technicians looking at color, reaction kinetics, and even the occasional scent of the reaction vessel.
Drying and isolation raise their own challenges since even a gram of excess moisture or the wrong crystalline form can spoil downstream coupling reactions or synthesis projects. Each batch’s crystal habit is verified and compared against past successful products. Analysts constantly test for racemization or byproducts using proven in-house methods. Such steps seem tedious, but the difference emerges as less material thrown out by customers due to unexpected melting points or failed enantiomeric purities.
It’s one thing to make a quality compound and quite another to ensure that it survives until it reaches the bench. We have been burned in the past by products shipped in substandard packaging: static charge, light exposure, humidity ingress—the list goes on. So, we've developed shipment formats that resist these hazards. Double-bagging with moisture scavengers inside thick-walled HDPE or glass ensures the compound arrives as it left the plant—stable, flowable, and free from clumps.
Laboratory personnel often tell us about attempts to use similar chiral intermediates sourced from resellers, which resulted in hygroscopic or partially decomposed products. This wasn’t just a matter of slight inconvenience; failed experiments mean lost weeks and wasted research budgets. Carefully controlling storage, from our facility to the client bench, builds the kind of trust that keeps chemists from trying unverified shortcuts or replacements.
We test each lot of (S)-3-Amino-4-(4-Fluorophenyl)Butanoic Acid Hydrochloride against published spectral data, including proton and carbon NMR, and every batch is challenged for chiral purity using validated chiral HPLC methods. This step matters more than ever as development pipelines worldwide depend on rigorous verification. If even a small fraction of the product fails to meet specification, the whole lot is reprocessed or scrapped; our staff hates to lose product, but respect for the research process and the risks of using off-spec intermediates outweighs short-term economics.
Over years of direct feedback, we've learned that some labs working with other versions, especially materials sourced from less-experienced suppliers, ran into unintended side products that were not always detectable by basic TLC or unsupervised chromatography. Fast readout methods can miss subtle racemization or fluoroaromatic byproducts. That’s why we've stood by more expensive, time-consuming analytical protocols, confident that the tightly-controlled batch data saves real-world headaches downstream.
Most of the (S)-3-Amino-4-(4-Fluorophenyl)Butanoic Acid Hydrochloride we produce gets consumed in research labs running active pharmaceutical ingredient synthesis, particularly in producing gamma-aminobutyric acid analogs and other central nervous system active molecule scaffolds. Demand for fluorinated analogs keeps rising because the presence of the fluorine atom can dramatically alter metabolic stability and receptor interactions.
Several of our partners have allowed us to observe their workflow: this compound is often coupled to produce complex amides, esters, or other intermediates for novel therapeutics. A single impurity or a mismatched enantiomer ratio distorts pharmacological results, wastes animal studies, and can derail grant-funded programs. As a result, clients increasingly report detailed analysis on every sample—chemical manufacturers with a history of transparent quality control have become the preferred partners in research pipelines.
Synthetic organic chemistry doesn’t always move in a straight line. Sometimes clients reach out when a reaction fails during scale-up, only to discover that a previous supplier sent a mixed enantiomer product. Trouble-shooting these situations with chemists who know the inside of a glass reactor, not just the inside of an office, allows us to bridge the gap between theory and real-world execution.
Some customers who have transitioned to our (S)-3-Amino-4-(4-Fluorophenyl)Butanoic Acid Hydrochloride after trying commodity-grade material from traders tell us about unexpected phase separation in solution, solvent incompatibility, or strange baseline shifts in chiral HPLC. It is not uncommon for cheaper sources to cut corners on drying, resulting in unstable or inconsistent product. We took the lessons of these failed experiments and set our process to avoid such shortcuts.
Often, manufacturers will supply chiral intermediates that meet “minimum” purity standards; we've learned that this is not enough. For higher stakes applications, including preclinical synthesis or the manufacture of small amounts of drug substance for regulatory filing, excess unknown peaks or colorations in NMR spectra raise red flags. Our own plant engineers took it as a challenge to deliver not just the certificate of analysis but also data sets including full chromatograms and residual solvent content, matched batch-to-batch and available for end-user review. We welcome outside verification, since years of transparent operations have made us comfortable sharing this level of technical detail.
The typical specification achieved by our plant for this compound exceeds 99% by HPLC, often testing above 99.5% chiral purity, and verified by specific optical rotation and mass spectrometry. Moisture and inorganic residue content are equally scrutinized, with drying conducted in a controlled environment monitored for both temperature change and atmospheric contamination. Even after all this care, some batches have been reworked on the assembly line—particularly if the batch displays any signs of impurity peaks during advanced chromatographic analysis.
Size runs range from 10 grams for boutique medicinal chemistry customers to kilogram-scale synthesis for larger pharmaceutical research groups. Each packaging run receives a unique identifier, which traces every input from purchase order to shipment, with transparency in lot history. In a world where supply chain issues can jeopardize critical research programs, open records of source and method allow customers to trace quality with confidence.
We sell most lots as a fine crystalline white powder, free flowing under ambient conditions, formulated at the hydrochloride salt to maximize stability and solubility. Early process variants shipped out as the free base ran into shelf-life issues—some customers encountered yellowing or loss of solubility, prompting us to commit exclusively to the hydrochloride salt in our standard product line.
Lab techs value a product that transfers by spatula without stickiness or static charge, so we spent months trialing anti-caking agents and optimizing crystal morphology. After controlled testing, we discovered that the pure, salt-form product moves cleanly between glassware and dissolves predictably in aqueous and some organic solvents. The product resists clumping in both winter and summer shipments, which cuts down on both wastage and frustration in pressured lab settings.
In many ways, the market for chiral specialty chemicals has more sellers than real manufacturers. Comparing (S)-3-Amino-4-(4-Fluorophenyl)Butanoic Acid Hydrochloride from a direct plant supplier with that from an intermediary highlights the value of seeing the process all the way from chemical selection to final packing. Traders and importers sometimes lack control over how the material was synthesized, stored, or even whether the batch has picked up moisture or contamination during multiple reshipments.
When our product is compared side by side with material sourced from non-manufacturers, we see fewer ragged HPLC baselines, fewer outliers in elemental analysis, and more uniform melting points. Visiting clients have brought in samples from their past suppliers, and our own quality teams have compared them against our in-house material. These tests reveal less variance in physical characteristics and a lower overall impurity profile. Chemists in the lab will often spot the difference in how smoothly the material dissolves or reacts, reducing troubleshooting and repeat syntheses.
Transparency during both audit and technical support matters as well. Because we are not just a name printed on a label but the actual handler of the product, we provide technical updates about process optimizations, changes in raw material sources, or isolated batch issues. Intermediaries rarely pass along such granular detail. The trust built from this direct dialogue matters during product scale-up or regulatory inquiries.
Each year brings new challenges: changing requirements for impurity profiles, evolving synthetic routes from research customers, and tighter documentation standards from regulatory bodies. We've learned that keeping meticulous process records, investing in better analytical instrumentation, and supporting custom recrystallization or drying needs pays off both for us and our clients.
In recent years, research teams began requesting single-digit ppm thresholds for residual solvents—far below traditional industry standards. These tighter controls add cost but ultimately pay for themselves in reduced customer complaints and higher repeat business. Every failed synthesis in a partner lab is a story about lost credibility and wasted resources, so we keep dialogue open for process adjustments, whether switching solvents, adapting particle size, or trialing new purification steps.
Our sales and technical support teams work in the same facility as production, so feedback from the field cycles quickly into process improvements. Chemists who call for support speak to those who run—and analyze—the actual production batches, not just a remote or third-party helpdesk. Whether the question involves batch-specific spectral data, solubility, or a custom labeling request for regulatory documentation, solutions come from direct experience, not just templated responses.
Direct partnerships with universities and biotech startups provide valuable insight into emerging applications. Some collaborations have led us to experiment with new salt forms or particle size cuts; others have prompted new stability studies under challenging storage conditions. One research team needed a batch compatible with ultrapure synthetic conditions, devoid of even trace heavy metals, driving an upgrade to our purification train that benefited other customers down the line.
Audits by regulatory bodies or pharmaceutical clients require a paper trail from synthesis through packing. We invested in digitizing this information, so customers and auditors can review batch-specific histories, analytical data, and even raw material origins back to the supplier.
We maintain an archive of correspondence, batch data, and laboratory records for a minimum of five years, so returning customers can source not just a familiar product but a matching lot history for continuity in ongoing programs. With compliance requirements on the rise—especially for drug development precursors—our investment into traceability ensures customers avoid regulatory headaches.
Chemists working through multi-step synthesis routes rarely have the luxury to retrace their steps when a reagent fails. When challenges arise—solubility slumps, unanticipated side reactions, or doubts about chiral purity—customers deserve answers from the team that stood at the reactor and watched the crystals form. We know the nuances: how slight changes in temperature profile or wash conditions influence the subtle properties that matter to synthetic chemists.
We also field requests for tailored documentation, whether to support regulatory filings or internal audit requirements. Transparency here gives customers the confidence that their program won't be derailed by questions about source, traceability, or data integrity.
Looking ahead, research in fluorinated analogs continues to grow. New applications appear each year, with some moving beyond pharmaceutical work into specialty materials and even diagnostics. As demand grows for higher-purity chiral building blocks, real-world experience on the production floor becomes even more important. Feedback loops between manufacturing, analysis, and customer-driven research keep our quality bar moving upward.
As environmental and sustainability pressures reshape chemical manufacturing, we are continually examining ways to reduce solvent use, improve yield, and cut energy costs. Every efficiency gleaned in our (S)-3-Amino-4-(4-Fluorophenyl)Butanoic Acid Hydrochloride process flows into other product lines, benefiting customers across fields and providing a template for greener, more transparent manufacturing.
Producing (S)-3-Amino-4-(4-Fluorophenyl)Butanoic Acid Hydrochloride at laboratory and production scale has taught us that genuine quality is visible not just on a certificate but in every successful reaction run by a customer. Our commitment, built over years on direct engagement and technical rigor, means reliable delivery and support. Every lot shipped is the result of careful material selection, precise process control, and real accountability—all so researchers spend less time troubleshooting and more time making the molecules that change our future.