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Oxobutanedioic Acid

    • Product Name Oxobutanedioic Acid
    • Alias Succinic acid
    • Einecs 205-676-2
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
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    Specifications

    HS Code

    233287

    Name Oxobutanedioic Acid
    Other Names 2-Oxobutanedioic acid, Maleic acid anhydride (hydrated), Maleic acid
    Chemical Formula C4H4O5
    Molecular Weight 132.07 g/mol
    Cas Number 371-47-1
    Appearance White crystalline solid
    Melting Point 115-120°C
    Boiling Point Decomposes before boiling
    Solubility In Water Highly soluble
    Pka 1.83, 5.13
    Density 1.591 g/cm³
    Odor Odorless
    Structure HOOC-CH2-CO-COOH
    Pubchem Cid 122441

    As an accredited Oxobutanedioic Acid factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing The packaging for Oxobutanedioic Acid consists of a 500g sealed, amber glass bottle with a secure screw cap and clear labeling.
    Shipping Oxobutanedioic Acid, commonly known as maleic acid, should be shipped in tightly sealed containers, protected from moisture and incompatible substances. Store in a cool, well-ventilated area. Shipping must comply with applicable local, national, and international regulations, including proper labeling and documentation for hazardous chemicals. Handle with care to avoid spillage and contamination.
    Storage Oxobutanedioic acid, also known as maleic acid, should be stored in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from moisture, heat, and incompatible substances such as oxidizers and strong bases. Ensure it is protected from direct sunlight and sources of ignition. Proper labeling and secondary containment are recommended to prevent accidental spills or exposure.
    Application of Oxobutanedioic Acid

    Applications of Oxobutanedioic Acid in Industrial Manufacturing

    As a leading producer of Oxobutanedioic Acid, we supply high-purity material to core industrial sectors. Our manufacturing expertise ensures consistent quality and compliance for reliable performance in each downstream segment. Explore the practical industrial applications of our product below.

    1. Unsaturated Polyester Resin Production

    Oxobutanedioic Acid acts as a critical diacid component in the synthesis of unsaturated polyester resins. When reacted with glycols and maleic anhydride, it enhances the flexibility and chemical resistance of the resulting resins for end-use in composite manufacturing. Resin formulators value its ability to reduce brittleness and adjust reactivity in glass fiber-reinforced laminates, gel coats, and molded fiber products. Technical teams precisely monitor acid value and reaction rates to achieve target molecular weights for customer specifications.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 9001:2015 (Quality Management for Resin Manufacturing)
    • EN 1390:2020 (Polyester Resin Systems for Composites)
    • REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006
    • RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU for electronics composite housings

    Typical usage ratio

    • 8–15% by weight in total acid component
    • Adjusted according to required flexibility and water resistance; higher levels for flexible resins, lower for rigid systems

    Downstream process integration

    • Charged with other acids and glycols in polyesterification reactors
    • Continuous or batch reaction settings with thermal control
    • Monitored for acid value and degree of polymerization before filtration and dilution

    Final product types

    • Fiberglass reinforced plastics (FRP)
    • Marine gel coats
    • Electrical insulation panels
    • Sanitary and architectural panels

    2. Alkyd Resin Formulation for Industrial Coatings

    Oxobutanedioic Acid supports alkyd resin manufacturing by modifying the oil length and balancing hardness, drying speed, and gloss retention in the finished coatings. Formulators combine it with phthalic anhydride and polyols to tune molecular architecture for architectural, marine, and automotive applications. It helps control cross-link density and enhances pigment wetting, meeting performance demands in high-durability coatings applied by industrial painters and OEMs.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ASTM D3029-13 (Coatings with Polyester or Alkyd Resin Bases)
    • ISO 12944-6 (Protective Paint Systems for Steel Structures)
    • Directive 2004/42/EC (VOC in Paints and Varnishes)
    • GHS (Globally Harmonized System for Safety Data)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 3–8% by weight of acid components (adjusted per oil length and desired drying time)
    • Higher content for high-gloss, faster curing finishes

    Downstream process integration

    • Introduced at the main polycondensation stage with fatty acid or natural oil feedstocks
    • Monitored for viscosity and acid value during resinification
    • Resin further blended with solvents and additives for final paint formulation

    Final product types

    • Industrial protective coatings
    • Anticorrosion primers
    • OEM automotive topcoats
    • Industrial enamels and varnishes

    3. Plasticizer Manufacturing for Flexible PVC

    Oxobutanedioic Acid serves as a primary precursor in the production of specialty plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) processing. By esterifying with suitable alcohols, downstream manufacturers obtain phthalate-alternative plasticizers with targeted volatility, migration resistance, and flexibility. These plasticizers meet evolving global regulatory requirements in sensitive film, sheet, and cable insulation applications, where low extractable content is critical.

    Industry compliance standards

    • EU Regulation (EC) No 10/2011 (Plastics Contact with Food)
    • US FDA CFR 21, Part 177 for indirect food additives
    • ISO 6721 (Plastics – Determination of Dynamic Mechanical Properties)
    • GB 9685-2016 (China Food Contact Additives)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 20–40% by weight in finished plasticizer formulations
    • Ratio depends on desired melting point and migration index in target PVC product

    Downstream process integration

    • Esterification with alcohols under acidic catalysis at 120–150°C
    • Plasticizers purified and blended into PVC compounding operations
    • Quality control on color, volatility, and ester purity before addition to PVC resin blends

    Final product types

    • Food-grade PVC films
    • Flexible medical tubing
    • Wire and cable insulation jackets
    • Toy and childcare product films

    4. Pharmaceutical Intermediate for Bulk Drug Synthesis

    As a defined intermediate, Oxobutanedioic Acid is included in the synthesis route for several active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), particularly in the class of antibiotics and precursors for API building blocks. Its controlled reactivity under GMP conditions allows pharmaceutical processors to ensure high-purity conversion and batch reproducibility. Downstream production involves regulated handling and traceability, supporting stringent validation and documentation protocols required in pharma supply chains.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ICH Q7 Good Manufacturing Practice Guide for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
    • Ph. Eur. and USP Monographs (for intermediate grade chemicals)
    • 21 CFR Parts 210–211 (cGMP regulation)
    • FDA Drug Master File (DMF) requirements

    Typical usage ratio

    • Varies by API; typically 1–2 molar equivalents based on target molecular design
    • Adjusted for complete reaction and minimized by-product formation in controlled reactor systems

    Downstream process integration

    • Introduced at specific condensation or cyclization steps during synthesis
    • Subject to HPLC and GC-MS purity verification at each stage
    • Chain of custody maintained from raw intermediate to API output

    Final product types

    • Broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotics (as intermediates)
    • Pyrrolidine or piperidine derivatives for CNS APIs
    • API precursors for anti-inflammatory agents
    • Bulk pharmaceutical intermediates

    5. Food Additive Manufacturing

    Oxobutanedioic Acid is utilized in the controlled production of certain food acidity regulators and flavor intermediates. Its application requires careful compliance with food safety legislation, comprehensive traceability in processing, and strict analysis for purity and contaminants. Downstream users incorporate this acid in buffered blends or flavor synthesis, primarily for bakery or functional beverage formulations that demand consistent acidity adjustment without off-flavors.

    Industry compliance standards

    • FCC (Food Chemicals Codex) Specifications for Food Acids
    • 21 CFR 184.1009 (GRAS notification for food acidulants)
    • EFSA Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 (EU food additive legislation)
    • FSSC 22000 (Food Safety Management Systems)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.02–0.1% by weight in final food product formulations
    • Level adjusted for finished pH requirements; higher for intense acid profiles

    Downstream process integration

    • Buffered or direct addition in syrup, beverage, or bakery premix preparation tanks
    • Automated control to achieve target titratable acidity
    • Monitoring and documentation of batch-level additive incorporation

    Final product types

    • Baked goods requiring controlled sourness
    • Non-alcoholic beverage syrups
    • Confectionery acidulant blends
    • Powdered instant drink mixes

    6. Specialty Monomer for Biodegradable Polymer Synthesis

    In environmentally driven R&D, Oxobutanedioic Acid is adopted as a specialty monomer for synthesizing certain biodegradable polyesters. Its inclusion with diols allows polymer chemists to tailor thermal and hydrolytic breakdown, facilitating the controlled decomposition of single-use packaging and agricultural mulch. These applications require strict biobased content qualification and verification of degradation profile under standardized testing protocols.

    Industry compliance standards

    • EN 13432 (Requirements for Packaging Recoverable through Composting and Biodegradation)
    • ASTM D6400 (Compostable Plastics)
    • ISO 17088 (Specifications for Compostable Plastics)
    • BPI Certification (Compostability in North America)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 15–30% by weight in copolyester formulations
    • Ratio varies based on desired rate of degradation and mechanical strength targets

    Downstream process integration

    • Polycondensation with selected aliphatic diols and/or lactide-based monomers
    • Extruded or injection molded into finished forms after pelletization
    • Post-processing monitored for residual monomer and biodegradability certification tests

    Final product types

    • Compostable food packaging
    • Biodegradable mulch films
    • Single-use tableware
    • Seedling nursery pots
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    Oxobutanedioic Acid: Direct from the Manufacturer's Floor

    Working with Oxobutanedioic Acid—An Insider’s Perspective

    Every day, we run batch after batch of oxobutanedioic acid in our facility, watching raw materials transform through heat and chemistry. It's more than a formula on a bag. To us, oxobutanedioic acid is the result of precise temperature control, monitored reactions, and disciplined quality checks. We’ve built our process on the lessons learned in decades of hands-on production work. With this kind of experience, the final product stands out in both clarity and consistency.

    Understanding What Sets This Acid Apart

    Oxobutanedioic acid, also known to chemists as maleic acid, carries a straightforward structure. Shipped as a white crystalline powder, its purity and free-flowing properties make it simple to handle in bulk or small batches. What people often overlook is that its molecular structure—a pair of carboxylic acid groups split by a double bond—offers both reactivity and versatility. In organic synthesis, this unique makeup allows the molecule to act as a diene or accept nucleophiles, opening doors to a string of reactions.

    You won’t find the same level of reactivity in succinic acid or fumaric acid, even if their formulas seem similar at first glance. Succinic acid lacks the double bond and brings a different acidity profile, offering less flexibility in esterification or addition reactions. Fumaric acid shares a formula but with a different geometry, slowing down the paths it can take in a reaction vessel. For us, these details affect not just sales specs, but also how each phase of production runs and what adjustments we make on the shop floor.

    Digging into the Specifications—Chemist’s View, Not Just the Label

    We keep our minimum purity above 99% for every order, since anything less adds headaches in downstream synthesis. Impurities interfere with catalysts and push up costs for our customers, especially those blending the product into resins or food additives. Our lot-to-lot consistency gets checked in a modern QC lab, but if anything looks off—the color, the moisture, even the melt point—our operators send it right back for reprocessing. These checks aren’t just for compliance. They come from repeated experience: one contaminated drum can derail an entire production run, and no one wants that on their shift.

    We’ve refined our particle size over the years, responding directly to what downstream users told us. Our standard mesh size flows without agglomeration, avoiding the clumping problems that once plagued loading hoppers on big polymer lines. The material resists caking even during long-term storage, as long as people keep their storage conditions dry and away from strong oxidizers. A decade back, we saw recurring issues with trace metal contamination from older processing equipment. Swapping to newer stainless process lines took care of that, and every certificate of analysis since reflects that change.

    Industrial Usage—Stories from the Field

    Polyester resin makers come through our loading bays every week. They rely on oxobutanedioic acid for unsaturated resins, looking for a sharp cure and crisp glass transition temperature in their finished products. Shipments must arrive on time and absolutely dry—any excess water throws off their chain growth steps and can ruin a whole batch of sheets or molded parts. Our drivers coordinate with their receivers, and our warehouse team keeps climate conditions stable from production to shipping dock.

    Pharmaceutical producers often use our acid as a starting block for active compounds or as a counterion for certain salts. Their teams care deeply about organic impurity profiles, so we run extra high-performance liquid chromatography checks. It’s the difference between a medicine that passes or one that gets rejected late in development. We’ve built relationships with these teams. Regular feedback has helped us push purity levels higher, and we’re always finding small tweaks in our purification steps to meet new regulatory demands.

    Food and beverage customers need a food-grade product, so we dedicate a cleaned-down line for this market. Even tiny traces of solvents or heavy metals are unacceptable. Large confectionery operators blend oxobutanedioic acid for consistent tartness, trusting years of positive microbiological results. They pull samples from each drum, repeat the spot checks we already performed in-house, and rarely find a deviation. If they call with a question, our staff picks up the phone—no automated menus, just direct answers drawn from practical work on the plant floor.

    Differences from Other Dicarboxylic Acids—A Ground-Level Comparison

    Choosing between oxobutanedioic acid and its chemical relatives changes how we operate. Maleic acid, due to its double bond, is reactive enough for Diels-Alder reactions and maleation steps that can’t work with succinic or adipic acids. Resin and coating formulators like maleic acid’s speed of curing and ability to modify gloss or weather resistance. Succinic, on the other hand, gives a softer finish, absorbs more water, and lacks the same reaction rates. We often troubleshoot for customers who can’t get the results they want using cheaper alternatives. They learn after a few runs that price per ton doesn’t translate to performance per part made.

    Fumaric acid offers some overlap on paper but behaves differently with solvents and at different pH ranges. It’s less soluble and packs into tougher crystals, making it more of a challenge for continuous feeders and mixing vats. We know processors, especially in the beverage sector, who have switched from fumaric back to oxobutanedioic acid because of smoother blending and faster dissolution. Other dicarboxylic acids like glutaric or adipic offer niche advantages, but their molecular structure limits broad application in the same way. Each variant makes the plant run differently—you feel it in the way the powder falls, the way it mixes, and the feedback from the control panel. These differences aren't abstract. We track every technical issue on paper and respond with changes on the ground.

    Challenges in Manufacturing—What We Learn Running the Line

    The sensitivity of oxobutanedioic acid production poses ongoing challenges. The dehydration step, essential for driving the maleic anhydride conversion, tests our process control system every day. Small changes in reactant flow, catalyst age, or process heat can spike impurity levels or throw off the final purity. We’ve been through rough patches, such as unexpected downtime from reactor fouling or a string of off-spec runs tied to new raw material sources. No manufacturing process stays perfect. Our people log every deviation, review causes, and develop targeted fixes instead of generic retraining plans. Real improvement comes from line operators sharing what they saw on third shift, not just passing numbers to upper management.

    Avoiding cross-contamination also keeps us vigilant. Our plant sits near other chemical operations. Overventilating a vessel can carry unwanted vapors from adjacent products. We keep our scrubbers in top condition and walk through the line daily, sniffing for stray odors or condensate leaks. Off-spec product never gets shipped and is always logged, sometimes sold off into less demanding industries after full disclosure of the deviation. We’ve invested in better raw materials, purer water systems, and stainless internals wherever they give back in reliability.

    Markets and the Voice of the User—Long-Term Value

    Our customers range from local producers with small reactor setups to global operations running 24-hour polymer plants. Each one faces their own pressures, from shrinking margins to tightening regulatory rules. Prices fluctuate based on feedstock sourcing, and logistics always brings a scramble at the end of every fiscal quarter. In tight markets, a reliable shipment of high-purity oxobutanedioic acid means more than a quick profit. It means keeping a hundred workers on their lines and meeting contract deadlines without last-minute substitution. Over time, we see how a reputation for consistency translates into repeat orders, even when importers press for cheaper alternatives.

    We keep our lines open to feedback. One resin customer flagged an outlier lot with slightly erratic melt behavior early in our partnership. Instead of blame-shifting, we waited for their techs to arrive, ran duplicate melt-point measurements on both sides, and identified a minor fluctuation in our distillation setup. A tweak in our vapor take-off rate solved it for all batches going forward. These kinds of collaborations keep both of us ahead—turning challenges into shared wins, not confrontations.

    Environmental Footprint—A Manufacturer’s Realities

    Like every chemical plant, our footprint matters. We track our emissions, keep effluent within city limits, and upgrade ventilation whenever regulations tighten. By shifting toward closed-system handling, we’ve cut our losses and kept worker exposure low. We recycle process water as much as possible, filter particulates, and maintain third-party audits on heavy metal levels in waste streams. We’ve moved toward lower-energy processes, both to reduce costs and to support long-term sustainability goals.

    Customers ask about certifications and environmental management systems, and we welcome these conversations. Moving to a lower-carbon process didn’t come cheap or easy. We adjusted our catalyst selection and improved heat recovery in our reactors. Our records show year-over-year improvements in energy use per ton produced. These investments have paid off, letting us weather both regulatory surprises and changes in end-user expectations. Over the next few years, we see further opportunity for energy recovery and more selective purification methods. We listen to both scientists and regulators, always hunting for smart improvements, not just the minimum for compliance.

    Reliability and Traceability—What ‘Direct from Manufacturer’ Really Means

    Direct manufacturing lets us control every phase, from choosing raw feedstocks to setting the final packing spec. We’ve seen third-party suppliers struggle when traceability falls apart and nobody can pinpoint a contamination source. Our workflow keeps batch records, operator logs, and process control data all tied to individual shipment numbers. If a customer asks about a batch received two years ago, we can pull records within minutes. Shipping directly under our own label, we own both the responsibility for product quality and the trust that comes with it.

    This level of control also lets us spot process drift early. Monthly data reviews, hands-on training, and cross-checking QC results between shifts have sharpened our operation. We don’t wait for customers to flag a problem—we try to catch it at the source and stop it from repeating. Nobody enjoys reworking product, so all our teams have a direct incentive to catch small changes before they grow into big issues.

    Health and Safety—Lessons from Real Operations

    Handling oxobutanedioic acid safely goes beyond reading manuals. On the plant floor, our teams manage everything from dust control to splash protection. While this material is relatively mild compared to some industrial acids, repeated skin or eye exposure can cause irritation. We supply personal protective equipment by default and reinforce best practices—use of goggles, gloves, and proper ventilation at bag dumping and mixing stations. Every incident, no matter how minor, gets logged and discussed openly in safety meetings. We use these lessons to fix procedures and retrain teams when patterns emerge.

    Our close relationship with transportation crews pays off. Proper labeling and careful handling avoid the spills and lost time that plagued older logistics partners. Quick response kits travel with every bulk shipment. For facilities downstream, we encourage closed-system transfer and provide guidance based on our own hands-on experience. Direct dialogue between our plant and theirs shrinks safety risks and keeps supply running without interruption.

    Technical Support—People Who Know Every Step

    Spending years on the manufacturing side of oxobutanedioic acid means fielding calls from every kind of specialist—polymer scientists, procurement officers, QA techs, even start-up founders working outside traditional industries. We answer their technical questions with real production data, not boilerplate. Many of our improvements, like narrowing the heat control window or adjusting particle sizing, come directly from these back-and-forths. New applications emerge unexpectedly, and we’re ready to tweak our processes, trial alternate purification steps, or test new packaging when a persistent customer brings a need we hadn’t considered.

    Startups sometimes need small-lot orders, fast technical support, and transparency on ingredient origins. Bigger players often care more about uninterrupted bulk supply and low variation rates. We keep both types of customer front-of-mind—building our team’s expertise through regular plant walk-throughs, cross-training, and by maintaining a culture of openness to what works on the line and what’s worth improving.

    Looking Ahead—Meeting New Demands and Raising the Bar

    Every change in downstream application brings new requirements. Automated dosing for digital manufacturing needs tighter particle size and dust-free powder. New food additive registrations ask for even stricter purity profiles and tests for emerging contaminants. As new end markets appear, we pay attention to both large trends and daily feedback from users. We’ve learned that being proactive—only possible when you make your own product—beats panicked adjustments after complaints roll in.

    Our focus stays trained on consistency, responsiveness, and technical collaboration. Running our own process gives us the flexibility to shift batches, blend for customer specs, and solve problems at the root. It’s the difference that long-time partners value and newcomers quickly learn to trust.

    Conclusion—A Manufacturer’s Word

    For us, oxobutanedioic acid isn’t just a commodity or a point on a price sheet. It’s a discipline, built from refining every stage of production with real-world feedback, operator experience, and relentless quality focus. We know the product deeply because we make it ourselves, standing behind every shipment with a transparency and responsiveness that third parties can’t match. Our team finds a sense of pride in knowing every drum, every pallet, and every shipment carries not just a high-purity acid, but years of practical improvement and hands-on learning. That story, and the product that comes from it, matters—to us and to everyone we serve.