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N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine

    • Product Name N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine
    • Alias GalNAc
    • Einecs 208-024-7
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
    VTB
    Specifications

    HS Code

    430349

    Chemical Name N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine
    Molecular Formula C8H15NO6
    Molar Mass 221.21 g/mol
    Iupac Name 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactose
    Cas Number 642-82-8
    Appearance White crystalline powder
    Solubility In Water Soluble
    Melting Point 172–173 °C
    Optical Rotation [α]D20 +104° (c=1, H2O)
    Synonyms GalNAc; D-GalNAc; 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactose

    As an accredited N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing White plastic bottle labeled "N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine, 25g" with product details, hazard symbols, and supplier information printed clearly.
    Shipping N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine is shipped in tightly sealed containers, protected from moisture and light. The chemical is typically transported at ambient temperature unless otherwise specified. Proper labeling and documentation accompany each shipment to comply with safety regulations. Ensure storage in a cool, dry place upon receipt to maintain product integrity.
    Storage N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine should be stored in a tightly closed container, protected from light and moisture. Keep it in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, preferably at 2–8°C (refrigerated conditions). Avoid exposure to heat or direct sunlight. Ensure the chemical is clearly labeled, and access is limited to trained personnel. Follow standard laboratory safety and storage protocols.
    Application of N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine

    Applications of N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine in Industrial Manufacturing

    N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine serves as a high-value functional carbohydrate in several advanced industrial sectors. As a direct manufacturer with deep technical integration, we support our partners with consistent quality and reliable supply for specialized applications. The following sections outline the primary downstream fields leveraging this ingredient, each with detailed compliance references, formulation specifics, process touchpoints, and final product classes.

    1. Human Biopharmaceutical Glycoprotein Synthesis

    N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine is a key substrate in the chemoenzymatic synthesis of glycoproteins, especially those requiring precise O-linked glycosylation, such as recombinant human therapeutic proteins and monoclonal antibodies. Biopharmaceutical facilities use it to build complex glycan structures for improved bioactivity, immunogenicity control, and pharmacokinetics. Integration typically occurs at the glycosylation or cell culture supplementation step within upstream process development or downstream in in-vitro enzymatic modification workflows.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ICH Q7 Good Manufacturing Practice for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
    • USP General Chapter <1047> for Biotechnology Products
    • European Pharmacopoeia Monograph 5.2.10 – Glycosylation of Biopharmaceuticals
    • US FDA 21 CFR 211 (cGMP for Finished Pharmaceuticals)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.05%–0.3% (w/v) in cell culture media or enzymatic feed solutions; ratio adjusted based on the desired glycosylation density and cell line productivity

    Downstream process integration

    • Added to mammalian or insect cell cultures in upstream bioreactors during protein expression
    • Used for post-expression glycotransferase reactions in downstream modification steps

    Final product types

    • Therapeutic glycoproteins (e.g., EPO, recombinant clotting factors)
    • Monoclonal antibodies with engineered glycan profiles
    • Glycoengineered biosimilars

    2. Clinical Diagnostic Reagent Manufacturing

    N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine is incorporated as a substrate and calibration reference in commercial assay kits that measure glycosyltransferase activity, diagnose congenital disorders of glycosylation, and aid in liver fibrosis testing using lectin-based biomarkers. Diagnostic reagent producers employ it during the formulation of substrate buffers and calibration controls, where purity and batch consistency are critical for accurate, repeatable clinical outcomes.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 13485:2016 Medical Devices – Quality Management for IVD
    • EU IVDR (2017/746) — In Vitro Diagnostic Regulation
    • Chemical purity according to CLSI C24-A3 guidelines
    • US FDA 21 CFR 820 for Medical Device Quality Systems

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.01–0.2 mmol/L in standard reagent or calibrator formulations, often standardized according to kit sensitivity

    Downstream process integration

    • Solubilized and mixed during buffered substrate preparation for ELISA and enzyme activity measurement kits
    • Direct addition in automated liquid-handling systems during ready-to-use assay cartridge production

    Final product types

    • Diagnostic kits for asialoglycoprotein receptor-based liver function analysis
    • Assay panels for glycosyltransferase deficiency detection
    • Clinical laboratory reference standards

    3. Pharmaceutical Intermediates for Immunomodulatory Drug Synthesis

    Producers of advanced immunomodulatory small molecules and glycoconjugate vaccines rely on N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine as a protected building block in organic synthesis, enabling the assembly of precise carbohydrate-active moieties. Entry points include both chemical glycosylation and conjugation processes, typically following strict in-process controls for impurity and reaction yield consistent with GMP requirements for active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) intermediates.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ICH Q11 Development and Manufacture of Drug Substances
    • US FDA 21 CFR 210/211 for API Intermediate Processing
    • EDQM CEP certification for chemical starting materials
    • Chinese Pharmacopoeia (ChP) 2020 for pharmaceutical excipients and upstream intermediates

    Typical usage ratio

    • Stoichiometric quantities in glycosyl donor/acceptor reactions; commonly 1.0–1.5 equivalents per coupling step, adjusted to maximize yield and minimize by-products

    Downstream process integration

    • Coupled as a carbohydrate donor in organic synthesis of glycosylated APIs
    • Introduced during bioconjugation steps for vaccine antigen design

    Final product types

    • Glycoconjugate vaccines (e.g., meningococcal/streptococcal conjugates)
    • Synthetic carbohydrate-based immunotherapies
    • Small molecule immunosuppressive agents featuring N-acetylated sugar motifs

    4. Nutraceutical, Medical Food, and Specialized Carbohydrate Ingredient Production

    N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine is utilized as a functional monosaccharide in nutraceutical and medical nutrition formulations, targeting populations with rare metabolic disorders or digestive sensitivities. Integration is performed under strict food additive management systems, with process controls from powder blending through tableting, and in some cases, microencapsulation to enhance stability and palatability. Applications in this sector focus on trace enrichment or as a specific carbohydrate in advanced food matrices.

    Industry compliance standards

    • US FDA 21 CFR Part 101 (Nutritional Labeling of Dietary Supplements)
    • EFSA QPS List & Regulation (EC) No 1925/2006 on food supplements
    • ISO 22000:2018 Food Safety Management Systems
    • Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) status consideration where regionally applicable

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.01%–0.1% by weight in functional foods, adjusted based on dietary target and regional safety limits; lower for pediatric and medical food

    Downstream process integration

    • Pre-mixed with carrier excipients for direct powder sachets or capsules
    • Microencapsulated during spray drying for stability in beverage or dairy matrices

    Final product types

    • Specialized medical foods for rare metabolic disorders (e.g., certain glycosylation defects)
    • Nutraceutical dietary supplements
    • Clinical enteral nutrition premixes
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine: Quality and Consistency from the Manufacturer’s Viewpoint

    Our Approach to Production and Purity

    N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine, often called GalNAc by researchers, stands out in the world of specialty chemicals not just for its structure but for the precision its production demands. We have worked with this amino sugar for years, investing in equipment, quality control, and the expertise that guides every batch from synthesis to final testing. The model we provide today, with a molecular formula of C8H15NO6, follows rigorous protocols to guarantee the crystalline powder meets an assay typically above 99%. Our chemists know from experience there is no quick way to achieve this level of reliability. Recrystallization, drying under controlled humidity, and testing by HPLC at each stage are just the start.

    Customers ask what separates our product from others on the market. In truth, the difference starts with raw materials. We source only from long-term partners who provide transparent traceability. Over the years, we've found shortcuts in sourcing leads to inconsistent reaction yields or slightly off-color finished goods—a clear signal the material can introduce unwanted variables into your final application. We keep our supply tight and stick to batches we have profiled thoroughly. This commitment pays off in the repeatability our clients report back, particularly those running sensitive bioassays or glycosylation research.

    Differentiating Our N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine in Practice

    One question we hear regularly involves the distinctions between our N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine and bulk volumes available from global traders. While the molecular identity might appear the same on a technical sheet, years of manufacturing have emphasized the critical role of process control in the fine details. No two batches of raw precursor are exactly alike, which is why we test incoming materials for heavy metals and common residual solvents before any reaction begins. We have set up reaction vessels that allow controlled, scalable acetylation and minimize thermal degradation, a known culprit for off-spec batches.

    After synthesis, crystallization happens slowly in a temperature-monitored environment. Experience taught us fast cooling traps impurities, resulting in micro-inclusions that can interfere with analytical applications. Whether produced by kilogram or by ton, each lot goes through several cycles before our QC team performs FTIR, NMR, and HPLC runs. We do not rush this process since the smallest deviation in moisture level or particle size distribution can create headaches downstream for users working with surface modification, linker chemistry, or cell culture.

    How Application-Driven Manufacturing Shapes Bench and Bulk Performance

    As a supplier to pharmaceutical R&D, diagnostic assay developers, and academic labs, we listen carefully to customer priorities. In one year, we might demo our N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine for high-throughput glycoconjugate synthesis; in another, we refine crystallization to suit chromatography calibration standards. The most demanding feedback comes from those working in glycobiology. Enzymatic reactions, such as those catalyzed by GalNAc transferases, require a purity standard many industrial producers find daunting. Slight changes in anomeric ratio or trace metal content can derail a full run of oligosaccharide synthesis. We have honed our process step by step, seeking feedback, running side-by-side comparisons against analytical references, and holding back any batch that does not match established performance.

    For cell culture, sterility sits front of mind. Sugar contaminants can fuel microbial growth if the purification or packaging are lax. Each lot meant for sterile or injectable applications receives a final pass through 0.22-micron filtration and is packaged under nitrogen flush. By understanding how N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine interacts with living cells and proteins, our team anticipates concerns about contamination and chemical compatibility and acts before issues arise.

    User Experience from a Manufacturer’s Perspective

    Supplying biotech firms and research groups worldwide reveals how real-life use diverges from controlled lab theory. Detergent residue left from glassware can shift mass spec readings. Storage conditions at a customer's site affect performance in ways weather data can’t predict, especially in variable climates. Each year, customers reach out after encountering an unexpected precipitation or color change. We consult directly, offering insights based on decades of observation: avoid high-humidity storage; keep the product sealed from atmospheric CO₂; use dedicated, thoroughly cleaned scoops. These small habits can bridge the gap between trouble-free handling and a day lost recalibrating.

    After fielding cases where off-spec batches from alternate sources triggered trouble in automated analyzers, we responded by mapping new product codes to each lot. This gives direct traceability not just for us, but for the end users who need to document every reagent for clinical or regulated workflows. Customers with questions about solubility or reaction compatibility can call our technical staff who have spent years making and using N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine themselves—not just selling it. We don't hand off concerns to a separate support center. The weight of our reputation connects directly to each batch shipped out the door.

    Responsiveness and Continuous Improvement

    Our lab runs frequent comparative stability studies on stored product, investigating impact factors like light exposure, repeated opening, and long-term shelf life under uncontrolled conditions. These results guide not only our own packaging decisions but also how we advise clients facing unpredictable lab environments. If a researcher in a tropical area finds unexpected clumping, we have recommendations grounded in side-by-side trials to help them restore free-flowing powder for accurate weighing. Feedback from routine users has led us to switch out packaging to resealable, low-permeation multilayer pouches, reducing moisture ingress and caking—a detail that arose not from theory, but from watching how product behaves after weeks on a busy benchtop.

    Working within this chemical niche, our production line employees grasp the real implications of seemingly minor flaws. Clumps present in a kilo bag might slow automated dispensing, and a shift in melting point could throw off an entire analytical run. These findings don’t remain in quality control reports—they trigger process optimizations that better serve scientists in the field.

    Looking Beyond Purity: Supporting Advanced Applications

    Our focus on high purity and batch-to-batch consistency comes into sharper relief in the context of conjugate vaccine development and molecular diagnostics. Developing a glycoconjugate for a clinical trial requires proof that the sugar building block matches reference materials and doesn't introduce unwanted biological variation. We use this reality check when scaling up; large-volume pharmaceutical requests cannot tolerate surprises in impurity profile or molecular conformation. This prompts us to keep a rolling archive of every batch’s spectral and purity data for years—accessible should a client’s regulatory filing require retrospective documentation.

    As technologies in targeted drug delivery evolve, N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine sees expanding use as a ligand for targeted delivery to hepatocytes via the asialoglycoprotein receptor pathway. Customers developing new oligonucleotide therapeutics bring a fresh set of questions, particularly about trace residue and binding specificity. We keep close tabs on emerging literature and application notes, holding team reviews to see how new scientific findings may alter process expectations or introduce new QC challenges. By keeping staff up to date and maintaining direct communication with innovators in the field, the supply chain adjusts in lockstep with the research frontier.

    Regulatory Attentiveness and Real-World Documentation

    Supplying N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine for in vitro diagnostics, clinical assays, or regulated pharmaceutical manufacturing brings regulatory documentation demands most suppliers shy away from. Our own recordkeeping naturally expanded over years of client audits. We document solvent profiles, environmental monitoring records, and product provenance, not because regulations say so, but because clients prove time and again that robust documentation lets them streamline their own compliance.

    Quality certifications provide a valuable trust anchor, but it's clear that auditors also weigh supplier responsiveness and transparency. Providing instant access to CoAs, lot trace data, and full retention sample records means our partners bypass typical supply chain friction. We routinely consult with client compliance officers, combining data gathered from batch-level testing with realistic explanations of why outliers might show up and how to interpret them. This approach reduces confusion, smooths regulatory reviews, and prevents small technical discrepancies from becoming costly delays.

    Building Trust Through Long-Term Relationships and Direct Support

    N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine buyers—whether established pharma firms, diagnostics startups, or academic hospitals—value speed, certainty, and forthright answers. We have built direct channels to technical experts, built platforms for rapid document sharing, and prioritized early notification of production runs and possible backorders. Inventory and planning don’t always go as scheduled in real-world labs, so clients appreciate updates in real time and honest projections about lead times when global supply hiccups occur. Years of manufacturing experience teach that open conversation beats rushed shipment-game strategies every time.

    Some of our oldest clients began with modest requests and test quantities, sticking with us as their needs scaled into monthly bulk deliveries. These relationships don’t thrive on price alone. Attention to shared process problems and a constant search for ways to help have built trust that trades on more than just a certificate of analysis or a product lot number. This outlook informs how we develop our N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine and how we respond to every batch-related question that arises.

    Comparing N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine to Other Sugars and Specialty Chemicals

    GalNAc belongs to the family of amino sugars, sharing space with glucosamine, N-acetylglucosamine, and related derivatives. While glucosamine features more frequently in nutraceuticals, N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine plays a special role in diagnostics, targeted drug delivery, and advanced glycobiology research. Structure-activity relationships distinguish these sugars: GalNAc's configuration and linkage preferences make it the sugar residue of choice in O-linked glycosylation and in asialoglycoprotein receptor studies. Those attempting to substitute with similar molecules soon discover subtle but significant differences in enzyme interactions and recognition patterns.

    Other chemical suppliers sometimes market broader sugar ranges, but we have focused energies on the quirks and applications of N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine. We know from long-standing experience that attempts to use alternate manufacturing methods—enzymatic conversion, direct extraction, or semi-synthetic pathways—often yield variable product characteristics. Our process maintains a single synthetic pathway tuned over years to maximize both yield and control over physical characteristics.

    Technical distinctions aside, our day-to-day work highlights practicality for users. GalNAc tends toward higher solubility in water than some structurally similar sugars, but it calls for careful drying and storage; a careless approach can lead to chemical shifts or degraded performance in demanding optical or biological assays. Our product consistently dissolves at published rates, limiting the risk of undissolved residue in automated pipetting systems. This consistency favors those working in high-throughput or regulated environments, a lesson driven home by repeated client validations and round-robin testing.

    Real-World Challenges and Solutions for Users

    Chemistry at production scale faces challenges lab syntheses can gloss over, from batch contamination risk to supply chain interruptions. A local power outage might stall a drying cycle, threatening a month’s output. To address these realities, we set up backup generators, maintain multiple product lots in quarantine for random audit, and regularly review every step of our supply chain for weak points. Problems on the floor—overheated reactors or humidity spikes—get reported directly up the chain so fixes happen before product ever leaves the plant.

    Regulatory agencies worldwide tighten scrutiny over starting materials for pharmaceuticals and diagnostics, so we proactively update documentation and process validation each quarter. This work isn’t glamorous, but nothing tests process discipline like regulatory submission. Each reaction run gets logged with time-stamped environmental data, and any deviation becomes an opportunity for tightening control. Several global clients, needing N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine for early-stage clinical work, benefit from these standards through hassle-free regulatory review and trouble-free progress into the next project stage.

    Shipping specialty chemicals brings its own set of hurdles. Certain climates can cause plastic packaging to sweat or crack. Shipments to equatorial regions arrive with higher risk for caking or moisture pickup. To counter this, we trialed packaging alternatives, eventually standardizing on multilayer, heat-sealed pouches with a built-in desiccant system. After several months of field results, we now ship every unit with stability reports specific to the destination climate, giving customers the confidence to open and use the material immediately.

    Continued Growth and Commitment

    We believe products like N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine invite continual learning. Returning clients push us to dive deeper into analytical detail and invest in process improvements. Collaboration with new biotech and academia grants keeps us sharp, updating processes and documentation in pace with evolving scientific demands. Chemistry, at its core, rewards those who combine tight process discipline with flexibility to tackle real-world problems.

    Quality chemical manufacturing arises from a willingness to learn from each practical setback. A tenacious approach to process detail, direct engagement with scientists, and openness to honest feedback define our daily work with N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine. The result: customers rely on our product for research, diagnostics, and development because they know each batch draws on years of accumulated technical focus. This shared investment in reliability means that future discoveries—whether in glycosylation, therapeutic delivery, or advanced material science—build on a foundation of proven, traceable chemistry.