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L-2-Bromophenylalanine

    • Product Name L-2-Bromophenylalanine
    • Alias H-L-2-Bro-Phe-OH
    • Einecs 843-730-1
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
    VTB
    Specifications

    HS Code

    106734

    Product Name L-2-Bromophenylalanine
    Cas Number 1193-65-3
    Molecular Formula C9H10BrNO2
    Molecular Weight 244.09
    Appearance White to off-white powder
    Melting Point 178-182°C
    Purity Typically >98%
    Solubility Slightly soluble in water, soluble in DMSO
    Optical Rotation [α]20/D +11° (c=1, H2O)
    Inchi Key PFMWYVZGDNJGMD-VIFPVBQESA-N
    Smiles N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1Br)C(=O)O
    Storage Temperature 2-8°C

    As an accredited L-2-Bromophenylalanine factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing L-2-Bromophenylalanine is supplied in a sealed 5g amber glass vial, featuring a chemical label with hazard and handling instructions.
    Shipping L-2-Bromophenylalanine is shipped in tightly sealed containers, protected from moisture and light. The chemical is typically packaged in compliance with international and local regulations for transport of laboratory chemicals. Handling and shipping are performed by trained personnel, ensuring safe delivery to prevent leaks, contamination, or degradation during transit.
    Storage L-2-Bromophenylalanine should be stored in a tightly sealed container at 2-8°C, in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area. The chemical must be protected from light, heat, and moisture to ensure stability. Keep away from incompatible materials and sources of ignition, and ensure proper labeling. Follow all appropriate chemical safety protocols and local regulations when handling and storing.
    Application of L-2-Bromophenylalanine

    Applications of L-2-Bromophenylalanine in Industrial Manufacturing

    L-2-Bromophenylalanine serves as a critical building block in several high-value chemical synthesis pathways across the pharmaceutical and peptide manufacturing sectors. As an amino acid derivative featuring a bromine atom on the aromatic ring, it provides unique reactivity for downstream coupling, modification, and functionalization processes. Below, we outline detailed industrial scenarios and technical specifications for its established real-world applications.

    1. Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Synthesis for Anticancer Agents

    API manufacturers employ L-2-Bromophenylalanine as a non-standard amino acid in the synthesis of peptide-based cytotoxic drugs and targeted kinase inhibitors. Its brominated aromatic moiety enables downstream Suzuki and other Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, facilitating construction of complex drug scaffolds relevant in clinical oncology pipelines. Production lines maintain control over chirality and impurity profiles to meet strict pharmaceutical guidelines.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ICH Q7 Good Manufacturing Practice for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
    • USP <823> and EP 2.6.12 for amino acid impurities and residual solvents
    • US FDA 21 CFR Part 210/211 for finished pharmaceuticals
    • EMEA Guideline on the Chemistry of Active Substances

    Typical usage ratio

    • Relative input ranges from 3% to 12% w/w in peptide assembly steps, adjusted based on required residue incorporation frequency within the final API sequence and desired yield from solid-phase or solution-phase peptide synthesis.

    Downstream process integration

    • Introduced during Fmoc/t-Boc protected amino acid coupling—either via automated synthesizers or manual stepwise addition—prior to cyclization or terminal group modifications; exact point determined by drug design and residue positioning.

    Final product types

    • Small-molecule peptide drug APIs (e.g., inhibitor fragments)
    • Anticancer oligopeptide intermediates for lyophilized vials
    • Development-stage clinical candidates for solid tumors

    2. Fluorescent Peptide Probe Synthesis for Biochemical Assays

    Laboratories and in vitro diagnostic kit manufacturers integrate L-2-Bromophenylalanine into peptide backbones for downstream derivatization with fluorescent tags via aromatic bromide substitution. This approach increases labeling specificity and signal stability in sequence-defined peptide probes for enzyme kinetics, FRET, or cellular imaging. Formulation batches closely monitor substitution efficiency and side-product purification.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 13485:2016 Quality Management for Medical Devices (applicable to IVDs/diagnostics)
    • ISO 9001:2015 for process and traceability control
    • Directives for hazardous substance control in lab reagents (e.g., REACH, RoHS for EU sales)

    Typical usage ratio

    • Used between 2% and 7% of total amino acid input for probe sequences, depending on the number of fluorophore attachment positions required by assay design and detection sensitivity.

    Downstream process integration

    • Inserted during peptide chain assembly (solid-phase synthesis) at chosen residue positions. Following cleavage and deprotection, bromide undergoes selective coupling with fluorescent dyes (e.g., via nucleophilic aromatic substitution or palladium catalysis), prior to HPLC purification.

    Final product types

    • Fluorescent peptide substrates for enzyme assays
    • Affinity probes for high-throughput screening kits
    • Peptide-based FRET/QRET assay reagents
    • Cellular imaging peptides for microscopy

    3. Stapled Peptide Therapeutic Manufacturing

    CDMO (Contract Development and Manufacturing Organization) sites and advanced peptide manufacturers adopt L-2-Bromophenylalanine for incorporation into alpha-helical peptide frameworks, enabling downstream macrocyclization through aryl bromide functional groups. These synthetic steps stabilize secondary structure, improving bioavailability and protease resistance required for clinical development of stapled peptide drugs targeting intracellular protein–protein interactions.

    Industry compliance standards

    • US FDA Guidance for Industry: ANDA Submissions – peptide drugs
    • GMP (21 CFR 210/211, EudraLex Volume 4, Chapter 5) for manufacturing control
    • ICH Q3A/B Impurities and Residuals limits in finished APIs

    Typical usage ratio

    • Usage at 8% to 15% of the peptide sequence, dictated by staple design and the frequency of aryl-braced positions within therapeutic peptides under 50 amino acids in length.

    Downstream process integration

    • Residues are built into predetermined positions during the stepwise peptide chain elongation. After deprotection, the brominated aromatic ring undergoes macrocyclization with a bifunctional linker under Pd-catalyzed conditions, followed by preparative HPLC to isolate stapled product.

    Final product types

    • Stapled therapeutic peptides (preclinical/clinical grade)
    • Oral or injectable peptide drug candidates for targeted protein modulation
    • Bioactive peptidomimetic research tools

    4. Chiral Building Block for Custom Organic Synthesis

    Custom synthesis operations and intermediate manufacturers use L-2-Bromophenylalanine as a chiral synthon for constructing advanced molecular frameworks. The brominated aromatic group provides a reactive handle for site-specific cross-coupling or functionalization, supporting rapid access to noncanonical amino acid motifs, arylated aliphatic acids, and complex heterocycle precursors. Production lots require tailored chiral analysis and analytical method validation to comply with customer QC protocols.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management Systems (custom synthesis)
    • Customer-specific standards for chiral purity and traceability
    • REACH Registration (as applicable for EU market)

    Typical usage ratio

    • Reactant concentration typically ranges from 5 mol% to 25 mol% in targeted synthetic transformations, adjusted to drive yield and minimize by-products in coupling or cyclization steps.

    Downstream process integration

    • Used as the initial chiral building block, fed into aryl cross-coupling, amidation, or heterocyclization protocols under controlled temperature and stoichiometry conditions; product then undergoes purification via preparative chromatography and crystallization.

    Final product types

    • Specialty amino acid derivatives for pharmaceutical R&D
    • Peptide-mimetic chemical intermediates
    • Advanced building blocks for medicinal chemistry programs
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    Introducing L-2-Bromophenylalanine: Manufacturer’s Perspective on Quality and Application

    Getting to the Heart of L-2-Bromophenylalanine

    Some molecules demand close attention both in the laboratory and on the production floor. L-2-Bromophenylalanine, with the molecular formula C9H10BrNO2 and CAS number 1878-94-8, is one such product. As the producer, we occupy a unique seat at the table, not only because of our technical process but also because we witness the evolution of customer needs and technical requirements firsthand. We draw insight from every kilogram delivered and every test result released from our QA lab.

    The Chemistry Behind the Product

    L-2-Bromophenylalanine is an aromatic alpha-amino acid, carrying a characteristic bromine substituent at the ortho position of the benzene ring. This single change grants it properties that set it apart from its parent molecule, L-phenylalanine, and other halogenated amino acids. In practice, this subtle difference impacts reactivity during peptide synthesis, interactions during biological studies, and even forms the backbone for certain pharmaceutical intermediates. Precision drives our production at every batch, as our colleagues in research and production have learned that trace impurities or inconsistency in stereochemistry can derail downstream applications. The small details make a world of difference for end-users.

    Technical Knowledge Gained From the Production Line

    During production, the stereochemical purity of L-2-Bromophenylalanine becomes critical, particularly for synthesizing peptides or investigating biological systems. We rely on a chiral starting substrate to ensure the L-form is absolute, confirmed by specific optical rotation and chiral HPLC. The bromine insertion step tests both our process control and analytical capabilities, and repeated quality checks help us spot deviations well before the product reaches a customer. Our technical staff must remain vigilant with respect to moisture content and trace organic contaminants, since these have a direct influence on shelf life and in-process stability.

    We have noticed that crystallization time, temperature, and even subtle pH shifts during purification stages can alter bulk density and ease of handling. Lab teams often request custom physical forms, such as higher flow powders or slightly larger crystal fractions, to suit their reactors and compounding lines. We have worked closely with clients to fine-tune these physical parameters during scale-up to maintain compatibility with downstream equipment. Slight tweaks, such as altering granulation or adjusting moisture, often trace straight back to lessons learned with actual production runs, not just what appears in specification sheets.

    Where L-2-Bromophenylalanine Stands Out

    For researchers in medicinal chemistry and biochemistry, L-2-Bromophenylalanine has a distinct profile compared to other brominated amino acids such as L-4-Bromophenylalanine. The bromine’s ortho placement brings unique steric and electronic effects, allowing incorporation into peptides or proteins in a way that alters biological activity, stability, and binding properties. This substitution can serve to introduce a reactive handle for further modification or radiolabeling. As a manufacturer, we must remain mindful of the subtle interplay between structure and downstream performance. Many researchers tell us that switching to meta or para isomers does not mimic these properties, and improper isomer ratio seriously disrupts assay outcomes.

    How Specifications Impact Application

    Quality exists not just on a sheet but in every experiment that depends on our product. The amino acid itself can deliver only what its purity permits — a reality we face along with scientists who might call our technical line to troubleshoot an unexpected protein aggregation or failed coupling. For us, processes revolve around controlling chiral purity above 99%, maintaining total impurities below tightly defined limits, and monitoring for residual solvents apt to appear due to varying solvent cutbacks or rinsing steps. Any deviation flags a batch for review or disposal, even if test values drop just outside laboratory thresholds. Unlike larger commodity chemicals, a single percentage point in purity often makes the difference between a publication-quality result and wasted effort.

    We have also adjusted our specifications to better support certain applications. For instance, some pharmaceutical partners require tight particle size cuts to facilitate improved blending into solid dosage forms. Our facility invested in bespoke milling and air classification, which have delivered greater lot-to-lot consistency. Peptide synthesis partners insist on minimum endotoxin levels, and our facility responded by incorporating additional washing steps to address the specific risk profile detailed by their process validation teams.

    Production Realities and Customer Collaboration

    Customers regularly approach us seeking not just the substance but also answers to process integration questions. Peptide chemistry often requests particular salt forms or precise counter-ions, citing effects these have on solubility or downstream purification. Through direct feedback, we have tailored both the free acid and hydrochloride forms, depending on reaction design, and validated cleaning processes to minimize cross-contaminants from shared equipment.

    Users in chemical biology or drug discovery stress the necessity of consistent batch documentation and supply chain transparency. Our in-house documentation extends beyond standard certificates; batch records, full analytical print-outs, and traceable raw material chains back up what we ship. Sometimes, requests arrive for aliquoting into specialized containers or for co-packaging with internal standards. The chain of communication from end-use laboratory back to our production engineers makes a tangible impact on how we modify packaging or adjust shipping temperature and humidity parameters.

    Regulatory Environment and Quality Assurance

    Regulatory frameworks define the context in which high-purity amino acids operate. Our team continually updates quality management protocols to stay current with global best practices, such as ISO and GMP requirements. Audit teams periodically walk our floors, not only inspecting but consulting with line operators to reinforce practical controls. Documentation stretches from traceability logs to process change notifications. Research institutions and pharma partners have commended us for integrating customized quality assurances outside of standard testing — microbial load monitoring, extended stability studies, and on-demand impurity tracking — that support their regulatory submissions.

    This hands-on approach helps assure clients that our material stands up to the rigor of sensitive biological or medical applications. Our internal audits often pick up on potential long-term storage risks; investing in humidity control, specialized container liner materials, and improved environmental tracking became essential steps. With the stakes involved in new drug research, research partners tell us our transparency and data access give them more peace of mind than third-party validation alone.

    Differences from Other Amino Acids and Halogenated Derivatives

    The main distinguishing feature of L-2-Bromophenylalanine, compared to L-4- and L-3-bromophenylalanine, traces straight to its chemical reactivity. Laboratories exploit the ortho-bromine for site-selective coupling reactions, cross-couplings, or further substitution. Stereochemistry remains paramount; the wrong enantiomer can undo months of work in peptide drug design, and projects aimed at modifying enzyme active sites rely strictly on reagent authenticity. Small traces of structurally similar impurities can lead to anomalous bioactivity, so we focused on analytical method development — deploying HPLC, NMR, and mass spec on routine lots — to ensure isomeric purity is never a hidden variable.

    Compared to racemic or DL-2-Bromophenylalanine, which shows up in specialty catalogs, our single-enantiomer L-form gives tighter control in biosynthetic mimicry or enzyme engineering. Clients investing heavily in structure-activity relationship work need to rule out artifacts stemming from impurity or incorrect stereochemistry. Every round of feedback reinforces the real-world implications: one customer's failed project, traced to a poorly separated enantiomer, led us to further tighten our acceptance range for optical purity. That kind of lesson does not fade quickly and continues to shape our standards today.

    The Importance of Experience in Meeting Customer Needs

    Manufacturing specialty amino acids such as L-2-Bromophenylalanine carries challenges that commodity chemical suppliers rarely encounter. We have encountered unique industrial requirements, whether tied to highly sensitive solid-phase synthesis or the nuanced needs of radiolabel incorporation. It can take several cycles of customer dialogue to discover not only what technical profile a given lab seeks but also which process variables are likely to affect their overall results. We have spent extended periods working through seemingly minor constraints, including adjusting local humidity in blending rooms or addressing cross-contaminant carryover due to Mg2+ leaching when switching reactor cleaning protocols.

    Over time, our experience revealed value in flexibility and responsiveness. On one project, a major client developing peptide therapeutics required an expedited reworking of the particle size profile after a late-stage change in their process. We ran back-to-back batches, tweaking our sieving and drying to match their updated dissolution protocols, and turned around a validated solution that prevented further delays. While specification sheets focus on numbers, what happens in between — from machine maintenance to operator training and sample retention practices — leaves its mark on the finished product.

    Supporting the Research Community

    Our daily work brings us into contact with research institutions exploring new modalities in disease treatment. L-2-Bromophenylalanine functions in numerous academic and preclinical protocols, including in the field of unnatural amino acid incorporation. Because these applications may involve expressing modified proteins in living cells or deploying protein engineering on a microgram scale, our purity requirements often rise far above traditional standards. The tiniest amount of cross-contaminant or racemization makes reconstruction of results impossible, so we have refined small-batch production, cleanroom transfers, and in-house microanalysis to suit these needs.

    Some collaborative projects focus on using the ortho-bromine as a handle for cross-coupling reactions, especially in designing labeled probes or targeted drugs. As a regular supplier, we remain devoted to timely delivery and batch consistency. We take pride in providing detailed batch data packages, offering full spectra and chromatograms with every lot, and walking client chemists through the verification data where wanted. We take special care during sample splitting and distribution for these advanced projects, as poor sample handling sometimes leads to the wrong conclusions.

    Process Adjustments and Continuous Improvement

    Every new customer application, from scale-up to advanced bio-conjugation, drives us to revisit process control. For instance, we modified our crystallization sequence to reduce trapped solvent burden, a direct response to analytical method development among partnering analytical chemists. Adjusting rinse protocols, refining temperature holds, and switching to inert gas atmospheres during final drying all rose directly from feedback loops involving the people actually handling the amino acid in wet chemistry labs.

    We keep records of how batches age under varied warehouse conditions, learning which lot numbers show tendency for slow color change or particle caking, and correlate these findings back to minor tweaks in the final packaging protocol. Every information exchange with peptide chemistry clients — sometimes over video calls showing actual lab setups — deepens our understanding, right down to fine points like optimal cone angle packaging or best-practice advice on storage and handling.

    Real-World Challenges in Consistency and Scale

    Scaling up from gram-scale to multi-kilogram lots presents inherent challenges. Trace batch variability emerges from upstream raw material fluctuations, small changes in ambient humidity, or time lost during unplanned downtime. Because our production and QA teams thoroughly document each batch, we often identify the origin of minor differences that appear in downstream testing. By frequently auditing both suppliers and internal processes, we reduce sources of batch-to-batch drift and quickly implement corrective actions.

    Implementing small design-of-experiment runs in our pilot plant uncovers issues that may otherwise go unnoticed on paper. We budget for extra trial runs when entering a new market or preparing special grade material for regulatory submission, rather than risking an unknown. Through decades of experience and an ethos of direct customer feedback, we have learned how to manage human and technical risk at each production stage.

    Insights on Future Directions and Continued Learning

    The demand for specialty amino acids continues to rise as life sciences research moves into more sophisticated territory. L-2-Bromophenylalanine serves not only as a practical reagent but as a key tool for creating molecular diversity in both academic and commercial discovery settings. As focus grows on site-specific protein modification and biotherapeutic design, this molecule’s reliable supply takes on new importance.

    Our technical team regularly follows literature developments in fields such as protein engineering, radiolabeling chemistry, and peptide drug advances. Being present in conversations with research partners gives us early warning of shifting technical priorities or regulatory needs, and lets us share production process updates in real time. Our ongoing investments in cleaner input streams, new analytical tools, and sustainable process optimization aim to guarantee that every batch remains up to the expectations of the most discerning researchers.

    Conclusion: The Real Value of Manufacturer Experience

    As the manufacturer of L-2-Bromophenylalanine, we view our work not merely in terms of specifications or lot numbers, but in the outcomes and progress it enables for users. Every lesson learned, every near miss corrected on the production floor, and every phone call from a scientist inquiring about trace contaminants, shapes our perspective. The product’s success rests on continual improvement, grounded expertise, and the practical application of lessons from both customer and manufacturer sides of the supply chain.

    Producing a specialty amino acid may appear straightforward on paper, but experience teaches that the final quality comes not only from technology and equipment, but also from attention, communication, and problem-solving at every step. As research and drug development push into new frontiers, we remain dedicated to supplying L-2-Bromophenylalanine with reliability, transparency, and a focus sharpened by genuine, on-the-ground experience as a full-scale chemical manufacturer.