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Diethyl Squarate

    • Product Name Diethyl Squarate
    • Alias Diethyl squarate
    • Einecs 245-968-7
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
    VTB
    Specifications

    HS Code

    890572

    Chemical Name Diethyl Squarate
    Cas Number 821-48-7
    Molecular Formula C6H8O4
    Molecular Weight 144.13 g/mol
    Appearance Colorless to pale yellow liquid
    Boiling Point 125-128 °C at 13 mmHg
    Density 1.191 g/cm3 at 20 °C
    Refractive Index 1.445
    Smiles CCOC1=CC(=O)C(=O)C1=OCC
    Solubility Soluble in organic solvents
    Storage Conditions Store at 2-8 °C
    Purity Typically ≥98%
    Iupac Name Diethyl 3,4-dihydroxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione

    As an accredited Diethyl Squarate factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing Diethyl Squarate, 25g, supplied in an amber glass bottle with secure screw-cap lid and tamper-evident seal, clearly labeled.
    Shipping Diethyl Squarate is shipped in tightly sealed, chemical-resistant containers to prevent moisture and air exposure. Packaging complies with safety regulations for organic compounds, ensuring protection from sunlight, heat, and physical damage. Handling requires appropriate labeling, documentation, and protective measures during transportation, adhering to relevant chemical shipping guidelines for safe delivery.
    Storage Diethyl Squarate should be stored in a tightly sealed container, away from moisture and incompatible substances such as strong acids, bases, and oxidizing agents. Keep it in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, ideally at room temperature. Protect from direct sunlight and sources of ignition. Ensure proper labeling and restrict access to authorized, trained personnel only.
    Application of Diethyl Squarate

    Applications of Diethyl Squarate in Industrial Manufacturing

    Diethyl Squarate serves as a specialized molecule for high-value synthesis across niche industrial segments. As a direct manufacturer, we supply material precisely specified to meet advanced formulation and regulatory needs in fine chemicals, pharmaceutical intermediates, specialty polymers, high-purity electronics, and dye intermediates. Below, we detail distinct downstream production areas, each structured with compliance, formulation, process, and finished product information to support your application design and QC documentation.

    1. Pharmaceutical Synthesis: API Intermediate Manufacturing

    Medicinal chemistry laboratories and pharmaceutical plants integrate Diethyl Squarate as a key synthon for the construction of cyclobutene and squaramide frameworks. Chemists utilize its electrophilic properties for amide formation and heterocycle synthesis, specifically in new molecular entity (NME) projects and library expansion for lead optimization. Accurate process control and full traceability retain the purity critical for subsequent GMP production stages.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ICH Q7 GMP for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
    • USP & Ph. Eur. raw material purity specifications
    • FDA 21 CFR Part 210/211 process validation
    • REACH registration (when required as a substance in the EU)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.2–1.2 molar equivalents, adjusted by coupling partner; scale-up protocols require strict stoichiometric control to minimize impurities in finished API

    Downstream process integration

    • Incorporated at the amide bond-forming or ring-closing step, either in batch reactors or continuous flow reactors; added directly to organometallics or nucleophilic precursors under inert atmosphere

    Final product types

    • Squaric acid-based API intermediates
    • Aniline-squaramide pharmaceutical scaffolds
    • Pyrrole-based medicinal compounds
    • Experimental anticancer and antiviral agents for late-stage R&D

    2. Specialty Polymer Monomer for High-Performance Coatings

    R&D teams at advanced materials companies employ Diethyl Squarate as a reactive monomer to design polymers with superior UV-resistance, ionic conductivity, or customized surface energy. These functionalized resins are cast for precision coatings in electronics, optics, and automotive sectors, where crosslinking density and durability are critical. Material consistency and certificate traceability allow proper batch release for specialty polymers under documented QC protocols.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management System for polymers manufacturing
    • RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU for electronics coatings
    • REACH Annex XVII for chemical substances in finished goods
    • VDA coatings specifications (German automotive industry)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 5–20 wt% as a co-monomer or crosslinker, adjusted based on resin backbone and target properties; formulation optimization balances flexibility and hardness

    Downstream process integration

    • Dosed at the copolymerization or pre-polymer blending stage, introduced to reactor with other monomers or oligomers along with initiators

    Final product types

    • Electronics conformal coatings
    • Scratch-resistant automotive or optical topcoats
    • Functional hydrophobic or antistatic films
    • UV-cured specialty resins

    3. Advanced Dye Intermediate Production

    Industrial dye manufacturers employ Diethyl Squarate to build squarine-based chromophores and dye intermediates, taking advantage of its ability to yield highly conjugated, stable pigment molecules. Production teams carefully control precursor purity and processing temperature to secure color intensity and lightfastness in the final pigment batch. Downstream, these intermediates undergo coupling chemistry to generate proprietary dyes for demanding analytical and industrial textile markets.

    Industry compliance standards

    • OEKO-TEX® Standard 100 for textile safety
    • EN 71-3 (category III) for trace elements in colorants
    • German BfR Recommendations for pigment use in plastics
    • ISO 105 B02 for color fastness to light

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.8–1.0 molar equivalents in dye precursor synthesis; ratio varies based on nucleophile type and target molecular structure

    Downstream process integration

    • Added in the core formation step of organic pigment synthesis, reacting under reflux or controlled pH to form squarine nuclei prior to further functional group elaboration

    Final product types

    • Near-infrared dye molecules for analytics
    • High-stability textile colorants
    • Polymer-compatible organic pigments
    • Functional labels for imaging reagents

    4. Organic Electronics: Charge-Transport Materials

    Producers of organic electronic devices utilize Diethyl Squarate to synthesize squaraine-based conjugated molecules used in charge-transfer layers. Its high electronic delocalization enables tuning of work function and absorption spectra, required for solar cells and organic photodetectors. The purity and moisture content of each lot undergo QC validation to ensure process compatibility in multilayer device fabrication, supporting high throughput and yield in printed electronics.

    Industry compliance standards

    • IEC 62899 for printed electronics materials
    • ISO 14001 for environmental management in electronic chemicals
    • RoHS Directive for absence of hazardous substances
    • OEM-specific internal purity and trace metal limits

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.2–2.0 molar equivalents in charge-transport or active layer synthesis; exact amount optimized based on device architecture and performance targets

    Downstream process integration

    • Integrated at the solution-phase synthesis route for conjugated acceptor or donor molecules, followed by solvent stripping and purification prior to device layer casting

    Final product types

    • Organic photovoltaic (OPV) absorber layers
    • Sensitizer dyes for photosensors
    • Organic field-effect transistor channels
    • Optoelectronic component intermediates

    5. Analytical Reagents Manufacturing

    Producers of analytical and diagnostic kits apply Diethyl Squarate in the synthesis of fluorescent markers and chromophoric standards. The compound’s strong absorption characteristics permit incorporation into calibration dyes for spectral reference, supporting accurate quantitation across QC labs and analytical device manufacturers. Strict batch traceability and stability documentation guarantee compliance with regulated lab environments.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 13485 for in vitro diagnostic reagent production
    • ISO/IEC 17025 laboratory usage verification
    • CLSI standards (Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute) for calibrators
    • Spectral traceability protocols per NIST

    Typical usage ratio

    • Quantitative addition: 0.01–0.1 wt% in standard reference solutions and dye synthesis routes, tailored to optical density requirements

    Downstream process integration

    • Used during dye coupling steps for marker synthesis; incorporated into QC reference material creation, dissolved under controlled pH, and processed into lyophilized standards

    Final product types

    • Reference dye solutions
    • Fluorescent tagging reagents for diagnostics
    • Spectral calibrators for analytical instruments
    • Certified colorimetric standards
    Free Quote

    Competitive Diethyl Squarate prices that fit your budget—flexible terms and customized quotes for every order.

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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    Introducing Diethyl Squarate: From the Factory Floor

    What We See Every Day

    Every batch of Diethyl Squarate we make at our facility tells the story of chemical specialty work that’s rooted in daily problem-solving and direct technical know-how. This isn’t a commodity for us—it’s a critically tuned intermediate shaped by decades of team problem-solving in synthesis, purification, and quality control. Our production line doesn’t run itself: we watch every reaction, inspect every drum, and keep hands-on at each step to keep impurities in check and output up to spec.

    A Closer Look at the Chemistry

    Diethyl Squarate starts from squaric acid and progresses through precise esterification. It stands out with its symmetrical four-carbon ring and two ethoxy groups. The pale yellow liquid or crystalline solid that comes off our columns isn’t just a product, but the backbone for multiple advanced materials and pharmaceutical syntheses. Our model for Diethyl Squarate gives a purity suitable for both high-performance organic synthesis and R&D needs. Each kilogram captures our effort in filtration, moisture management, and solvent removal.

    Performance That Counts in the Lab

    Users who need Diethyl Squarate for heterocycle synthesis or for building more complex squaramides come to us with a specific set of challenges. To those chemists, stability and predictable reactivity are non-negotiable. Our plant runs anchor on tight temperature controls and minimal exposure to moisture so each drum keeps its chemical integrity from the day it’s filled to the day it lands on their loading dock. Our own analytical team runs GC, NMR, and Karl Fischer back-to-back, troubleshooting minor anomalies, knowing the downstream headaches a reactive impurity can cause for a synthetic chemist or process engineer.

    Every Drum Tells a Different Story

    We send Diethyl Squarate to researchers, scale-up teams, and pilot facilities who use it mainly in organic synthesis. Many focus on medicinal chemistry, exploring new bioactive compounds starting with this reactive core. In other plants, it’s the jumping-off point for specialty dyes or new electronic materials. The real value lands in how reliably it undergoes nucleophilic substitution, especially where chemists want to create new squaramide scaffolds. This reactivity isn’t theoretical—we’ve answered calls from partners hitting yield snags or struggling with side-product formation from off-brand suppliers. Solving it starts back with the purity and solvent choice we engineer into every kilogram.

    No Room for Shortcuts

    Adulteration and inconsistency have burned enough of our customers for us to push further in plant-level controls. We don’t source intermediates through brokers who can’t trace every barrel. Our hands run shifts, logging every lot. It’s sometimes slower, but we’ve seen how cheaply produced batches—especially those with uncontrolled water content or off-ratio esters—can derail entire projects. This consistency separates our Diethyl Squarate from unvetted material floating on gray markets. We’ve rebuilt a purification system because a single analyst caught microcontaminants others overlooked. Colleagues in R&D still remember the off-odor one drum produced—that taught us vigilance in process optimization.

    What Sets Our Product Apart in Usage

    Every time we talk with a customer about their work, the conversation lands on reactivity and downstream compatibility. Some expect Diethyl Squarate to react cleanly at ambient temperature; others demand higher thermal stability for prolonged reactions. We stress-test our batches with both fast and slow additions—in both small-scale glassware and stainless reactors—just to understand the possible failure points. This feedback loop with end users sets our quality control bars higher than any generic spec. We run bench tests to make sure no unknown side-reaction triggers under their conditions—be it a base-catalyzed condensation or acid-catalyzed rearrangement.

    Other sources may provide the molecule, but we watch the difference show up as reduced waste, fewer repeat purifications, and plain peace of mind on the project schedule. For a medicinal chemist, a batch contaminated with methyl squarate or residual alcohols can throw an entire series into question. For electronics material users, trace sodium or other metal contamination can mean erratic downstream device properties. Every lot we ship comes with a full story visible through certificates and logs, but written in the fewer headaches reported by returning customers.

    Listening to the Real World

    We didn’t set our batch specs in a vacuum. Our discussions with project chemists in academic and pharmaceutical labs drove us to refine packaging, reduce downtime, and ensure our Diethyl Squarate arrives moisture-tight every time. Feedback after a long-hot truck ride one summer led to new insulated shipping protocols and extra monitoring of solidification risk. More recently, we addressed concerns from a green chemistry startup pushing for fewer residual solvents—by re-tuning our last-stage distillation and switching to higher-grade ethanol in synthesis steps, despite added cost. We thrive on users’ direct stories of what works, what doesn’t, and what a day in their lab feels like with our products.

    Why Quality Matters in Specialty Squarates

    Our experience showed us that pure Diethyl Squarate means consistent downstream results—less rework, lower material loss, and reproducibility in published research. Impurities, even in ppm ranges, often create colored byproducts or branchpoints in synthesis. We grew up as a team that values transparency and will highlight every known side product, not hide it in the fine print. Our in-house analytical team keeps methods up-to-date alongside published literature and international pharmacopeias, so we’re ready when users spot something unusual in their own analyses.

    We’ve also learned the hard way about introducing a new batch into ongoing syntheses. Any shift in crystal habit, trace solvates, or impurity profile can upset existing processes—a single failed recrystallization can waste days for a researcher or delay a new screen in pharma. Our role doesn’t end when a drum leaves our docks; we keep notes on user outcomes and tweak our processes for each recurring project.

    How Our Facility Supports Reliability

    It’s easy to claim reliability, tougher to show it through actions. We’ve invested in closed-glass reactor systems and airtight storage to limit unintended hydrolysis—squarate esters are sensitive to water, and even short-term exposure can prompt breakdown. Technicians check every storage zone for temperature swings and ensure all seals on export drums meet the standards demanded by long-haul logistics and customs inspections. We reinforce the value of constant vigilance in daily shift handoffs, with every worker empowered to flag irregularities before downstream problems grow.

    From the top-down decisions to the shopfloor, everyone here learns the specifics of what Diethyl Squarate’s end users expect from our product—not just minimum purity or assay, but how it should behave after months on a laboratory shelf, or after a cross-country shipment. We’ve seen researchers lose weeks on a project due simply to a supplier cutting corners on labeling or moisture control, reinforcing the value of running a vertically integrated line from raw squaric acid to final bottling.

    Comparing with Other Squaric Acid Esters

    In the world of squarate chemistry, Diethyl Squarate holds its own against variants like dimethyl or dibutyl squarate—not just in reactivity, but in how each handles downstream processing. The more volatile methyl ester offers higher reactivity, but often escapes during standard temperatures, requiring careful ventilation and trapping to avoid both yield losses and exposure risks. The bulkier dibutyl varieties shift solubility profiles and slow base-catalyzed reactions, plus they demand longer purification times. Ethyl offers a balanced profile—plenty of activity for nucleophilic reagents in standard solvents, and less handling risk for teams that rotate between scales.

    From our work, we notice that Diethyl Squarate also stores better under ambient conditions—solid or liquid, depending on packing—helping users avoid losses to evaporation or confusion from multiple crystalline forms. We detail solubility and reactivity data based on both in-house experiments and end-user reports, sharing what we learn with customers facing unique synthesis setups or regulatory reviews.

    Realities of Industrial Scale-Up

    Scaling up might look simple on paper but running Diethyl Squarate production at the metric ton scale surfaces every small weakness in process design. Water and oxygen slip into every open flange and joint, so plant operators double-seal all connections and routinely swap out gaskets. With each increase in batch size, the timing of nitrogen blanketing and solvent recycling needs tight recalibration—too slow a vent or too quick a purge risks changes to product formation or waste. These are problems that never show up in glassware or bench-top setups, but we’ve learned to spot them early through years of scaling various organyl squarates from pilot lines to full-scale tanks.

    Logistics staff coordinate with clients to plan shipments sensitive to weather, regional customs hold-ups, and specific user schedules. A last-minute hold in port or an unexpected transit strike can ruin more than a week’s worth of scheduling and product quality, so advance planning and regular contact with trusted freight carriers back up every dispatch.

    User Safety and Direct Support

    The team here believes in more than paperwork compliance when it comes to user safety. Although Diethyl Squarate isn’t acutely toxic by normal exposure routes, reading literature and real-world reports highlights how repeated contact or improper handling can trigger skin and respiratory irritation. We talk clients through sensible storage and PPE choices on every dispatch, and respond quickly to queries about ventilation or emergency protocols. Plant safety training always factors in worst-case scenarios, even for products that rarely cause acute issues.

    On rare occasions, a user encounters a spill or decomposition event. We assist them directly, often sharing methods we’ve tested in-house for neutralization, waste management, or escalation to specialists. As a rule, we share exact protocols that helped us on the factory floor, not vague recommendations. Transparency and direct information—not scripted call center answers—keep users equipped to handle real-life lab surprises.

    Environmental Care Through Internal Effort

    Our manufacturing history taught us that waste streams and solvent emissions add up silently if not tracked closely. We’ve reconfigured sections of our reaction plant to recover and reprocess solvents instead of venting them or passing the burden off to contract recyclers. With each improvement, we lower overhead for ourselves and reduce environmental loads—an outcome that matters at every step, from procurement through to downstream end-user waste handling. We look for raw materials that meet modern standards for sustainability, even if it means paying more for certified sources to improve outcomes for everyone along the chain.

    Internally, our continuous improvement team reviews batch records and emission data to pinpoint leaks or unnecessary loss points. The small savings from each fix add up, both financially and for our environmental footprint. We pass along updates to clients who request detailed compliance records, proving that even routine specialty chemical synthesis brings room for environmental stewardship.

    Building Trust for Tomorrow’s Applications

    We didn’t just become product experts in Diethyl Squarate through routine catalog sales. Every kilogram passing out our door reflects thousands of hours spent troubleshooting lab and plant snags. Clients choose us again because their scientists and engineers see fewer unknowns, more predictable outputs, and direct lines of communication to the chemists and technicians who actually make the product. Whether it’s an established pharmaceutical lab or an early-stage material science project, the feedback regularly brings us new benchmarks to hit and better stories to share.

    Looking ahead, we stay tuned to emerging trends that push Diethyl Squarate into new arenas. Green chemistry, pharmaceutical innovation, and advanced material projects all bring unique challenges, and we remain open to shifting our methods to better support those needs. By keeping our expertise real—in the hands and eyes of those who run our plant every day—we continue raising the bar on what reliable, specialty squaric acid chemistry means for the growing global community.