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Dibutyl Squarate

    • Product Name Dibutyl Squarate
    • Alias SQARAN
    • Einecs 210-088-4
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
    VTB
    Specifications

    HS Code

    398434

    Chemical Name Dibutyl Squarate
    Synonyms Squaric acid dibutyl ester
    Cas Number 82516-32-3
    Molecular Formula C12H18O4
    Molecular Weight 226.27 g/mol
    Appearance Colorless to pale yellow liquid
    Boiling Point 174-175°C at 10 mmHg
    Density 1.073 g/cm³ at 20°C
    Solubility Insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents
    Purity Typically ≥98%
    Storage Conditions Store at 2-8°C, tightly closed, in a dry and well-ventilated place

    As an accredited Dibutyl Squarate factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing Dibutyl Squarate is supplied in a 25 mL amber glass bottle with a secure, tamper-evident cap, labeled with safety information.
    Shipping Dibutyl Squarate is shipped in tightly sealed containers, protected from light and moisture. It should be stored and transported at controlled room temperature, away from incompatible substances. The packaging complies with chemical safety regulations, ensuring secure handling to prevent leaks or spills during transit. Proper labeling is provided for identification and hazard communication.
    Storage Dibutyl Squarate should be stored in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and incompatible substances such as strong oxidizing agents. Keep the container tightly closed when not in use. Store at room temperature, and avoid excessive heat or moisture. Proper labeling and secure storage are essential to ensure safety and prevent leaks or contamination.
    Application of Dibutyl Squarate

    Applications of Dibutyl Squarate in Industrial Manufacturing

    Dibutyl Squarate serves distinct functions as a specialty chemical in targeted industrial sectors. Our experience as an original manufacturer enables clients to achieve precise performance, reliability, and regulatory adherence across downstream applications. Below are key industrial use cases incorporating our material for advanced manufacturing workflows.

    1. Dermatological Pharmaceutical Actives

    Pharmaceutical formulators utilize Dibutyl Squarate as a contact sensitizer in topical immunotherapy, especially for dermatological preparations addressing conditions such as alopecia areata and recalcitrant warts. Production occurs under meticulously controlled GMP environments to ensure patient safety. Chemists precisely weigh and dissolve the active into carrier bases, aligning with pharmacopeial monographs and local drug approval pathways. The final form is typically extemporaneous or pre-packed solution for hospital and specialty pharmacy use.

    Industry compliance standards

    • US FDA CFR Title 21 (Pharmaceuticals)
    • European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.)
    • Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP – ICH Q7)
    • Pharmaceutical Inspection Co-operation Scheme (PIC/S)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.2–3% by weight in finished topical solution; exact percentage determined by target therapeutic response and tolerability as outlined in clinical guidelines

    Downstream process integration

    • Sterile or non-sterile compounding
    • Weighing and dissolution into solvent matrix (e.g., acetone, ethanol)
    • Filtration and packaging under validated procedures

    Final product types

    • Topical immunomodulatory solutions for dermatological clinics
    • Hospital and specialty pharmacy compounded treatments
    • Pre-filled applicators for dermatologists

    2. Specialty Polymer Additives

    Dibutyl Squarate introduces unique crosslinking and sensitization properties in specialty polymer manufacturing, notably within functional coatings and adhesives sectors. Operators add it during the mixing phase to impart defined physical properties, including flexibility modulation and surface reactivity for demanding substrates. The material's reactive structure supports incorporation at tightly controlled points within the production line, always under compliance with chemical substance inventory and workplace safety directives.

    Industry compliance standards

    • REACH Regulation (EC 1907/2006)
    • OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200)
    • Toyota Supplier Quality Assurance (for automotive paints/coatings)
    • ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.1–1.5% of the total resin or binder matrix; adjust based on targeted mechanical properties, chemical resistance, and regulatory thresholds

    Downstream process integration

    • Added to prepolymer/polyol blend prior to curing step
    • High-shear mixing or in-line dosing with solvent or dispersant
    • Formulation with other additives and pigments as per QC datasheets

    Final product types

    • Industrial coatings for electronics and high-wear plastic assemblies
    • Functional polyurethane adhesives
    • Reactive primers for engineered substrates

    3. API Intermediate for Organic Synthesis

    Our customers in pharmaceutical synthesis use Dibutyl Squarate as a reactive intermediate for constructing complex heterocyclic active ingredients. The material’s unique squarate backbone enables targeted esterification and acyl transfer processes, supporting multi-step active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) production lines. All procedures must conform to stringent control requirements, including validated analytical monitoring and batch traceability from raw material intake through to isolated product.

    Industry compliance standards

    • US Drug Master File (DMF) requirements
    • ICH Q11 guidelines for development and manufacture of drug substances
    • ISO 22716 for cosmetic-grade APIs, where relevant
    • ICH Q3A (Impurities in New Drug Substances)

    Typical usage ratio

    • Stoichiometric amounts, usually 0.8–1.2 equivalents relative to nucleophile or coupling partner; fine-tuned based on pilot scale yields

    Downstream process integration

    • Reacted with nucleophiles under controlled temperature and solvent conditions
    • Inline monitoring using HPLC or NMR for process validation
    • Product isolation by crystallization or chromatography

    Final product types

    • Advanced pharmaceutical intermediates
    • API precursors for immunomodulators
    • Fine chemicals for licensed pharmaceutical manufacturers

    4. Research Reagents for Immunology and Cell Biology

    Academic laboratories and biotechnology enterprises use Dibutyl Squarate to study immune response pathways and skin sensitization mechanisms. Research staff prepare working dilutions under chemical hygiene plans calibrated to experimental needs. The compound enters protocols involving skin patch testing, dendritic cell activation assays, or in vitro immune reactivity panels. All reagent preparations adhere to laboratory safety, material transfer, and institutional review board policies.

    Industry compliance standards

    • OECD Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) Principles
    • NIH Biosafety Guidelines
    • Institutional Chemical Hygiene Plans
    • Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) documentation

    Typical usage ratio

    • Prepared as 0.01–2% v/v solutions for in vitro testing; adjusted according to sensitivity protocols and cell line characteristics

    Downstream process integration

    • Aliquoting into sterile stock solutions
    • Addition to tissue culture or assay plates immediately prior to exposure
    • Disposal through local chemical waste streams post-analysis

    Final product types

    • Research reportable assay results
    • Immunology study data sets
    • Cell biology publications and patents

    5. Analytical Chemistry Reference Material

    Analytical laboratories use Dibutyl Squarate as a calibration and performance-check reference in specific chromatographic and spectroscopic applications. This specialty use requires material traceability, certificate of analysis (COA) validation, and accuracy in solution preparation. Analysts incorporate it during system suitability testing or as an internal standard, ensuring data quality and regulatory legitimacy in both regulated and non-regulated environments.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO/IEC 17025 Testing Laboratory Accreditation
    • USP General Chapter <621> Chromatography
    • GLP (Good Laboratory Practice) for regulated testing
    • Traceability to NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) where applicable

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.5–20 ppm as calibration standard in analytical runs; precise concentrations set based on instrument response factor requirements

    Downstream process integration

    • Direct dissolution in appropriate solvent
    • Addition to blank and check samples prior to sequence launch
    • Storage in amber glassware under nitrogen or other controlled conditions

    Final product types

    • Calibration curves for method development
    • Analytical system qualification data
    • Certified analytical testing results for customer batch release
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    Dibutyl Squarate: A Closer Look From Manufacturer’s Perspective

    Introduction to Dibutyl Squarate (DBS)

    After years in the chemical synthesis business, Dibutyl Squarate stands out to us thanks to the real value it brings to researchers and practitioners. Chemically, it goes by the name dibutyl 3,4-dihydroxy-3-cyclobutene-1,2-dione, and its reputation has steadily evolved among scientific, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic circles. As the original producers, we stay tuned to advances and always survey new feedback about its use, purity, and real-world performance.

    Specifications and Quality Control

    We produce Dibutyl Squarate with a purity of no less than 98%, confirmed by routine HPLC analysis at each batch. Color usually ranges from clear to light yellow, a sign of meticulous distillation and storage process. The faint odor signals freshness; any sharp or off smell points to possible breakdown or cross-contamination, so we take pride in packaging with low-permeability materials and maintaining temperature stability during storage and shipping. This way, the molecule’s reactivity and performance don’t drift.

    Each kilogram comes sealed and labeled with full documentation: batch number, manufacture date, and a comprehensive Certificate of Analysis. Our solvent selection during synthesis, typically n-butanol, links directly to the purity levels we are able to achieve. By controlling every variable ourselves, there is no guessing whether intermediates or unwanted residues could affect downstream applications.

    Applications and Industry Experience

    The biggest share of our Dibutyl Squarate production goes to researchers investigating immunotherapy and topical treatments for chronic and recalcitrant skin disorders, including alopecia areata and warts. Over the years, dermatologists have championed its off-label utility for immune modulation. We recognize that, while regulatory status may continue to evolve, clinics and university labs prefer sourcing DBS from manufacturers who understand both purity and batch consistency.

    Dibutyl Squarate has shown it can reliably induce a mild contact dermatitis reaction in many patients, a response that, under medical supervision, supports certain immune-redirecting treatments. Doctors tell us that minor impurities, odorants, or even subtle shifts in pH can spark inconsistent or excessive reactions — reasons they want guarantees only the original manufacturer can provide. Every month, we advise practitioners about best-practices in dilution and storage, as product stability is directly linked to patient safety and efficacy.

    Beyond human medicine, development experts explore its function as a reactive intermediate or building block for organic synthesis projects. The squarate structure’s unique electrophilic behavior enables useful downstream conversions rarely achievable via other esters. Our team supplies several polymer research labs with DBS to help tweak backbone rigidity and tune electrical conductivity in next-generation materials research. By communicating directly with these teams, we tailor lot sizes and solvent content to laboratory needs without relying on guesswork.

    What Sets Dibutyl Squarate Apart?

    People often ask us how Dibutyl Squarate compares with other esters or squaric acid derivatives. Most market alternatives, such as dimethyl squarate or diethyl squarate, rarely show the same reactivity in skin applications. Butyl groups confer both improved tissue permeability and a less volatile solvent profile, reducing both evaporation and irritative sharpness during topical use. Over years, these subtle chemical differences prove significant both in efficacy and in predictability of results.

    Formulators working in the cosmetic space sometimes consider methyl or ethyl analogues for lower cost, but quickly encounter poorer solubility profiles and batch separation problems. DBS’s butyl esters stay soluble in key carrier vehicles, including ethanol, propylene glycol, and certain medical-grade oils. In our experience, proper mixing saves clinicians time and produces more predictable treatment outcomes. While the up-front price may appear higher, total cost of use often drops after switching to our DBS, owing to reduced waste and re-dosage.

    We field questions about custom concentrations and mixing strategies almost weekly. Some partners need microgram-precise solutions; others use millimolar concentrations for animal studies or cell assays. By keeping synthesis and bottling entirely under our control, it’s possible to adjust product format down to milliliter accuracy. No batch is ever blended or split after production, guaranteeing traceability from start to finish.

    Quality, Consistency, and Traceability

    There’s no shortcut to trust in the specialty chemical field. We’ve seen how buyers coming from resellers or trading houses receive lots with inconsistencies in color, odor, or reactivity. The difference usually traces to mishandling or simple age. Our team’s approach relies on vertical integration — from raw squaric acid to final packed solution, every step occurs in our validated facility. This way, we get ahead of stability issues before they surface, avoiding costly product recalls or disappointed researchers.

    Each consignment ships with full batch documentation. We run spot-tests under both accelerated and standard shelf-life setups; this data gets shared transparently with our clients. Many customers appreciate how this upfront clarity relieves compliance headaches. Should an inquiry arise, retrieval of batch history and manufacturing QA is seamless, since we’ve invested in digital tracking for over a decade.

    With regulations getting stricter each year, even trace impurities count. Our in-house labs scan not only for active content and simple solvents, but also for hidden byproducts unreported by most trading partners. We believe transparency is non-negotiable. Frequent audits keep our infrastructure up to par with EU and US quality benchmarks. Inspections by independent third parties have helped us refine our aseptic handling protocols, ensuring the product remains unadulterated by even trace moisture or foreign ions.

    Handling and Safety from an Insider’s View

    Dibutyl Squarate, despite its relatively low acute toxicity, calls for the same level of respect as any specialty chemical. Our plant mandates closed-system handling and local exhaust protection during large-scale synthesis. Measured exposure is one thing, but accidental splashes or air contact lead to sticky residues and sensitization risk, both for operators and anyone in the facility. We dedicate time every year to updating our staff on the latest PPE recommendations.

    For clinics and practitioners, we offer concrete dilution guidelines, based on recent clinical trial data and internal stability work. Some suppliers distribute in excessive concentrations, overlooking reactivity or skin irritation risk. Our philosophy values the end user’s safety and success above maximizing concentration claims.

    Laboratories sometimes contact us with questions about long-term storage. They want to know if keeping DBS in standard lab refrigerators is enough. Our own retention samples show best results below 4°C, tightly sealed and shielded from light. Under these conditions, most unopened batches retain specification for eighteen months. Beyond that, yellowing may occur, correlating with gradual quality loss.

    Challenges and Solutions in Manufacturing

    Scaling production of Dibutyl Squarate brings hurdles that textbooks rarely mention. Squaric acid esters undergo self-condensation at elevated temperatures, so we run reactions at carefully mapped pressure and temperature points to avoid unwanted gel formation. Unhurried purification, especially avoiding open-air stages, preserves the pristine color and aroma that our returning clients associate with quality.

    Our in-house chemists designed and tuned micro-filtration rigs for post-synthesis processing, tailored specifically to this molecule’s quirks. Each time we encounter unexpected precipitation, we analyze it on the spot and immediately recalibrate protocols. Other makers may report lower prices, but deeper investigation often reveals hidden costs from filtering out polymer byproducts or correcting pH drift post-synthesis.

    Ensuring a non-aqueous route for product isolation pays off in the long run. Dibutyl Squarate reacts with atmospheric moisture, diminishing purity over storage. Our facility sits within a dedicated humidity-controlled area, and our esterification steps use azeotropes and molecular sieves for absolute dryness. This extra investment reduces degradation and gives labs and clinics more shelf-life from each order.

    Working Directly With Researchers and Clinics

    We stay in close contact with dozens of dermatology clinics and R&D labs who use DBS for compassionate use, investigative protocols, or material development. Compared to third-party suppliers, our direct lines give clinicians confidence that their queries about composition, handling, or thereapeutic compatibility will be answered by a chemist, not a call-center operator.

    We once worked with a dermatologist protocol manager who struggled to explain erratic results from “budget” batches. We invited their team to audit our QA flow, and after the visit, their trial outcomes leveled out—simply because the product stopped varying. These collaborations fuel our process improvements, especially as new delivery vehicles and combination therapies come onto the market.

    Every so often, a research group requests a custom solvent or ultra-pure formulation. Because we control each synthesis and filling step in-house, it’s straightforward to modify protocols while meeting regulatory or institutional demands. We know from long experience that cutting corners upstream creates endless paperwork and stress downstream.

    Environmental Footprint and Supply Chain Integrity

    Sustainable manufacturing remains an ongoing commitment. By internalizing waste treatment and solvent recovery, we reduce both environmental impact and exposure for staff. Our team audits all input chemicals for background contaminants and works with upstream suppliers for full transparency.

    Since COVID-19, every player in the chemical industry recognized weak points in global supply chains. Instead of relying on just-in-time intermediaries, we’ve boosted local sourcing and buffered material inventories, ensuring stable deliveries long after shortages choke off others. Our end-users—including university research labs, biotech start-ups, and specialty clinics—tell us these investments spared them missed deadlines and forced substitute trials.

    We supply Dibutyl Squarate in a range of pack sizes, from small vials for research to bulk containers for major institutions. Over-packaging adds cost, so we test each packaging configuration both for compatibility and protection—keeping an eye on the environmental costs. Every improvement in efficiency benefits not just our margins, but our clients. Transparency is our foundation, so every shipment comes tracked and documented from our plant directly to the recipient.

    Comparisons With Other Squarates and Esters

    The market offers a range of squarate esters, with methyl and ethyl variants often pitched for budget-conscious buyers. But years in the field teach that substitutions frequently fall short. We’ve seen how non-butyl analogues evaporate more rapidly from topical formulations, lowering local availability and introducing unpredictable trial results. Factoring in follow-on costs for clinics—such as extra staff time, duplicate protocols, or more frequent resupply—the supposed savings often evaporate.

    Dibutyl Squarate’s butyl groups provide a balance between chemical reactivity and manageable volatility. The result: fewer handling surprises, cleaner solubility in common carriers, and lower frequency of product reforms. Polymer chemists echo similar findings: substituting a methyl or ethyl squarate nearly always drives down desired material properties.

    Pharmaceutical researchers stress the importance of batch-to-batch reliability. Only the direct manufacturing route offers complete control over incoming raws, reaction progress, contaminants, and storage handling. Outsourced or split-origin batches from resellers or trading houses rarely pass muster, especially in regulated sectors where every deviation generates compliance headaches.

    Responding to Regulatory Demands

    Product safety and transparency drive our entire workflow. Dibutyl Squarate’s diverse applications place it in both medical and materials research spheres, so we stay vigilant as regulations tighten and documentation standards evolve. New audits may call for extra allergen screening, impurity profiling, or extended-use data. With our batch tracking, digital records, and in-house analytics, it takes our QA staff minutes rather than days to provide clarifications.

    Instead of waiting for incidents, we invest upfront in training and technology. Each staff member receives regular updates on regulatory shifts in target regions. Our European, Asian, and North American partners welcome this commitment, as compliance proofs travel with each batch, reducing administrative lag and delays for importers, researchers, or medical staff.

    Building Trust In A Niche Field

    Many customers come to us after being disappointed by generic alternatives. The lesson: a product’s history, processing, and documentation are as crucial as chemical formula. Our plant doors remain open for audits, scientific visits, and client inspections, and we regularly participate in industry forums to keep learning and sharing best practices.

    Having earned the trust of both world-class research institutions and local clinics, we never stop assessing and improving our operational standards. Our team fields feedback daily and rapidly adapts workflows to solve real challenges. Being the manufacturer means keeping our promises, batch after batch, and maintaining the skills and facilities needed for that level of consistency.

    Dibutyl Squarate deserves more than just a line-listing in a reseller’s online catalog. Its unique properties, handling sensitivities, and regulatory considerations demand a manufacturer’s care at every stage. We see this product as a shared tool—a link between science, medicine, and industry—whose utility grows in the right hands and under the right stewardship.