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D-(-)-Erythrose

    • Product Name D-(-)-Erythrose
    • Alias D-(-)-Glycerotetrose
    • Einecs 205-769-2
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
    VTB
    Specifications

    HS Code

    547569

    Product Name D-(-)-Erythrose
    Chemical Formula C4H8O4
    Molecular Weight 120.10 g/mol
    Cas Number 533-50-6
    Appearance White to off-white crystalline solid
    Solubility In Water Soluble
    Melting Point 126-128 °C
    Optical Rotation [α]D20 -17° (c=1, H2O)
    Storage Temperature 2-8 °C
    Synonyms D-Erythrose, (-)-Erythrose, (2R,3R)-Erythrose

    As an accredited D-(-)-Erythrose factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing D-(-)-Erythrose, 25g, is packaged in a sealed amber glass bottle with a screw cap, labeled with safety and handling instructions.
    Shipping D-(-)-Erythrose is shipped in tightly sealed containers to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. It is classified as a non-hazardous, non-flammable solid. During shipping, containers are protected from physical damage and stored in cool, dry conditions. Standard chemical transport regulations and documentation are followed to ensure safe delivery.
    Storage D-(-)-Erythrose should be stored in a tightly sealed container, protected from light and moisture. Keep it in a cool, dry place, ideally at 2–8°C (refrigerated). Avoid exposure to air and sources of heat to prevent degradation. Ensure the storage area is well-ventilated and compatible chemicals are stored separately to maintain safety and product stability.
    Application of D-(-)-Erythrose

    Applications of D-(-)-Erythrose in Industrial Manufacturing

    D-(-)-Erythrose serves as a specialty carbohydrate intermediate in industrial sectors requiring precision syntheses, metabolic pathway engineering, and fine chemical conversion. The following application segments represent real downstream manufacturing scenarios with distinct requirements for regulatory compliance, formulation, production integration, and value-added product output.

    1. API Synthesis for Rare Sugars and Chiral Building Blocks

    Pharmaceutical production pipelines depend on D-(-)-Erythrose as a key starting material for synthesizing rare sugar-derived APIs and specialty chiral intermediates. Medicinal chemistry routes utilize this four-carbon sugar in enantioselective transformations and complex heterocycle construction, integrating it into advanced-stage syntheses for nucleoside analogues and therapeutic compounds. Stringent attention to impurity profiles and conformity to pharma-grade documentation support downstream registration batches and audit trails.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ICH Q7 GMP for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
    • USP-NF and Ph. Eur. grade reference standards for rare sugars
    • FDA 21 CFR Part 210/211 cGMP for process control
    • Data integrity requirements for DMF and dossier submission

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.1–1.5 molar equivalents as a precursor, depending on final complexity; researchers adjust for yield optimization and stereochemical fidelity

    Downstream process integration

    • Integrated during early- or mid-stage API synthesis
    • Functions as a core fragment for asymmetric aldol reactions or nucleophilic additions
    • Combined with protection/deprotection steps in multi-step flows
    • Monitored for residual starting material in final API purification

    Final product types

    • Rare sugar-based active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs)
    • Nucleoside analogues
    • Chiral amino acids and specialty intermediates
    • Pharmaceutical reference samples for method validation

    2. Biotechnological Production of Vitamin C (L-Ascorbic Acid)

    Large-scale fermentation and enzymatic processes employ D-(-)-Erythrose as a pivotal carbon source in microbial conversion routes to 2-keto-L-gulonic acid, the direct precursor to vitamin C. Leading manufacturers control substrate addition rates, sugar purity, and fermentation parameters to achieve high yields and meet food and feed additive regulations. Dedicated QC tracks input quality, ensuring downstream conversion efficiency and traceability in audit environments.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 22000 Food Safety Management System
    • GB 1886.228 for vitamin C production in China
    • EU Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 on food additives
    • FAMI-QS for feed additive manufacturing

    Typical usage ratio

    • 20–40 g/L fermentation substrate concentration; rates are calibrated per microbial strain tolerance and process step

    Downstream process integration

    • Dosed into fermenters as a carbon substrate for Gluconobacter or Ketogulonicigenium cultures
    • Controls in fed-batch or continuous processes
    • Followed by purification and crystallization of 2-KGA and L-ascorbic acid
    • Input traceability from batch records through final product QC

    Final product types

    • Pharmaceutical-grade L-ascorbic acid
    • Food additive-grade vitamin C premixes
    • Feed-grade ascorbate premixes
    • Bio-synthesized vitamin C derivatives for personal care

    3. Synthesis of Specialty Organic Intermediates in Fine Chemical Manufacturing

    Chemical producers leverage D-(-)-Erythrose as a multi-functional synthon for constructing polyol-based intermediates used in flavors, fragrance ingredients, chiral ligands, and advanced polymer chemistry. Its multiple hydroxyl groups allow selective derivatization, supporting regioselective protection strategies and tailor-made backbone engineering, with close attention to residual solvent limits and impurity mapping in compliance with REACH and GHS.

    Industry compliance standards

    • REACH (EC No 1907/2006) registration for high-tonnage chemicals
    • GHS/CLP hazard communication for worker safety
    • AIChE Batch Process Safety Guidelines
    • ISO 9001 for certified quality management systems

    Typical usage ratio

    • 5–20% w/w in batch or semi-batch synthesis; ratio depends on the target intermediate’s required chirality and functional density

    Downstream process integration

    • Introduced at ring-opening, protection, or condensation stages
    • Combined with acylation or etherification agents in reactors
    • Feeds multi-step reaction trains with inline monitoring for conversion rates
    • Downstream solvent removal and product isolation

    Final product types

    • Flavor and fragrance aldehydes (e.g., furaneol, maltol-type derivatives)
    • Chiral ligands for enantioselective catalysis
    • Functionalized polyols for specialty polymers
    • Building blocks for fine chemical resins

    4. Research-Scale Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycoconjugate Synthesis

    R&D laboratories and pilot plants use D-(-)-Erythrose as a unique platform carbohydrate for constructing complex oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates via stepwise chemical glycosylation or enzymatic coupling. Controlled lab-scale applications require precise calculation of stoichiometry, high spectral purity, and tight inventory oversight for reproducibility in preclinical, structural, and method development work.

    Industry compliance standards

    • GLP (Good Laboratory Practice) for preclinical research
    • ISO 17025 accreditation for analytical method validation
    • OECD Test Guidelines for toxicological screening preparations
    • Documentation protocols for laboratory information management systems (LIMS)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.05–0.5 mmol scale in exploratory synthesis; scalable up to multi-gram runs depending on project phase

    Downstream process integration

    • Used in early-stage glycosylation coupling sequences
    • Preparation of labeled sugars for tracer experiments
    • Reference standard for MS/NMR structure elucidation
    • Integration into enzymatic chain elongation reactions

    Final product types

    • Synthetic oligosaccharides and glycans
    • Labeled sugar standards for analytical validation
    • Glycoconjugate probes for diagnostic research
    • Custom carbohydrates for immunology and vaccine studies
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    D-(-)-Erythrose: Reliable Sourcing from an Experienced Manufacturer

    Our Experience with D-(-)-Erythrose Production

    Working every day in the world of fine chemicals, we have watched D-(-)-Erythrose grow from an obscure specialty sugar to an established staple in laboratories and industrial plants. This four-carbon monosaccharide has become one of those rare ingredients that quietly factor into countless advanced syntheses, where quality and consistency often matter more than volume or price. Our background is rooted in multi-step carbohydrate chemistry, and over years of producing rare sugars, we have learned to pay close attention to what sets D-(-)-Erythrose apart from other aldoses and tetroses.

    Compared with D-erythrose, L-erythrose, or related similar compounds such as threose and glycolaldehyde, D-(-)-Erythrose carries a unique configuration, making it a favored tool in stereoselective synthesis and specific biochemical applications. Our team has always enjoyed the challenge of scaling up a typically small-lab reaction and controlling variables like pH, temperature, and crystallization conditions to secure repeatable quality. Not every batch is the same between manufacturers— several subtle process differences can affect optical rotation, purity, and residual moisture, which can impact downstream yield in demanding syntheses.

    The technology underpinning our product centers on clean isolation from natural or fermentation sources, followed by a meticulous purification regime. We refuse to rely solely on standard chromatographic separations; learning from previous production runs, we have dialed in our fractional crystallization steps and analytical control points to ensure that each batch of D-(-)-Erythrose meets required optical and chemical standards. This means no need for customers to perform costly pre-cleanups or continuous re-testing during their own work—a result rooted in decades of hands-on experience rather than theory.

    Specifications That Matter on the Application Floor

    Across the years, we have noticed that end users, whether in research or manufacturing, rarely have patience for erratic lot-to-lot variation. Most of our D-(-)-Erythrose leaves the plant at a purity above 98%, as confirmed by HPLC and chiral GC where appropriate. We keep water content controlled within a specific, tight range, as even minor variations can trigger unwanted side reactions or complicate downstream steps, especially in complex total syntheses or when developing rare glycosides.

    Each kilogram we produce passes through not only classic chemical analysis but also direct microbial and endotoxin testing. While some applications might seem to tolerate lower standards, our view has always been that impurities and bio-burden undermine trust—especially in work involving pharmaceutical intermediates, enzyme substrates, or analytical research. It matters little if specifications claim an ambitious purity unless the process truly backs it. This has led us to invest in additional UPLC checks and in-house NMR verification, sometimes even at higher cost, because past experience taught us how quickly issues like caramelization or product aging can ruin multi-step projects.

    Distinction from Similar Aldoses and Reagent-Grade Sugars

    Having spent years as hands-on chemists, we recall the headaches that come from sourcing “good enough” sugars. Each monosaccharide looks similar on paper, but the real-world behavior, solubility, and compatibility can differ dramatically based on stereochemistry and lingering traces of byproducts or decomposition residues. D-(-)-Erythrose, unlike its L-isomer or analogues such as xylose or arabinose, delivers a precise arrangement of chiral centers, giving it the ability to steer or template specific reactions—particularly in the construction of polypropionate natural products, carbohydrate-based ligands, or enantioselective transformations.

    Many commercial sources in the past delivered erythrose as a mixed syrup or semi-crystalline mass, with ambiguous origins. Our team decided early that working with pharmaceutical companies, biotechnology researchers, and industrial total synthesis groups demanded going beyond bulk chemistry. Rigorous source validation and batch-by-batch traceability form the backbone of our approach. Customers repeatedly tell us that using our D-(-)-Erythrose, whether in pilot or commercial scale, saves them from troubleshooting product inconsistency or unexplained chromatographic artifacts later in their process.

    Usage in Synthetic and Analytical Chemistry

    Every year, we work with customers applying D-(-)-Erythrose in ways that challenge both science and logistics. Most visible is its role as a key building block for rare carbohydrate synthesis and oxazoline-based ligand construction. The compound serves as a foundation in asymmetric catalysis, where chiral fidelity must remain precise throughout steps involving organometallic reagents or enzyme-driven conversions. Some groups employ it for the preparation of erythritol and its derivatives, while others have demonstrated its value in screening protocols that probe enzyme specificity, particularly in glycosylation pathways.

    Freshness and chemical integrity count for as much as paper assay numbers. Years ago, we discovered that erythrose exposed to ambient air, light, or variable temperature during transit can develop color, aroma, or degradation products reminiscent of caramel. Not only do these degrade the value for HPLC-based research, they also interfere with downstream derivatization. For this reason, we have iterated on packaging—using more inert barriers, gas-flushed pouches, and improved cold-chain logistics for international shipments. Customers working in analytical chemistry, especially with sensitive detectors like MS or NMR, appreciate these steps because they immediately see improved signal-to-noise and fewer ghost peaks even in delicate glycan profiling studies.

    Sustainability, Sourcing, and Real-World Reliability

    As a manufacturer operating at the intersection of specialty chemicals and green chemistry, we think about supply chain sustainability every year. Sourcing the raw feedstocks for D-(-)-Erythrose sometimes exposes vulnerabilities in agricultural supply or fermentation precursors. Years back, we faced a regional shortage that forced us to re-evaluate our stockpiling protocol. This led to a dual-track sourcing plan, with regular audits to catch adulteration or source drift before it affects batches downstream. That decision, though intensive, paid off in the form of zero missed deliveries even during supply bottlenecks.

    Unlike more commoditized sugars, D-(-)-Erythrose cannot always be “swapped in” from generic intermediates due to the sensitivity of process steps and the specificity of its configuration. This means we give special attention to midstream processing variables, like solvent purity and filtration technology, which sometimes get bypassed in bulk chemical production. Customers working under GMP or ISO environments, and even smaller labs with demanding specs, usually see fewer compliance headaches and batch-to-batch discrepancies as a result of these policies.

    Risks and Challenges in Manufacturing

    One of the almost invisible difficulties of D-(-)-Erythrose manufacturing lies in controlling micro-contamination and byproduct co-elution. Without granular control, trace compounds can co-crystallize, altering not only melting point but also the compound’s reactivity over time. Fermentation-derived starting material brings its own challenges: lot variation, presence of wild-type enzyme residues, and unpredictable lactose carry-through. By planning for these, analyzing early, and tracking every process step, we reduce uncertainty both for our team and the end user.

    Our technical staff spends significant time troubleshooting scale-up runs—a level of diligence that only comes from routine interaction with kilogram and multi-kilogram batches. Losses in yield, unexpected product coloration, and variable aqueous solubility are watched and logged during each run, rather than brushed aside. Our internal improvement cycles, driven by on-the-ground insights rather than abstract cost cutting, have reduced waste and improved customer complaint rates to among the lowest in the industry, based on third-party audits and customer survey data.

    Continuous Improvement and Direct Feedback

    Manufacturing D-(-)-Erythrose is not a “set it and forget it” process. We practice frequent review of both production data and real user experience. Chemists working with peptides or nucleoside analogs have identified subtle issues—such as micro-residual metal ion content or crystalline habit differences—that only came to light through close communication. These findings trigger process tweaks, immediate batch retesting, and documentation updates, feeding directly into production protocols. The value of these efforts becomes clear each time a customer reports improved assay yield or less batch-to-batch tweaking.

    Industry forums, user publications, and conference presentations sometimes reveal new application endpoints for D-(-)-Erythrose, from green solvents to photo-switchable materials. By maintaining direct technical support lines, and by participating in collaborative research, we stay in step with emerging needs and can pivot process parameters to target specialized requirements as they arise—whether for micro-scale chemical biology work or larger demonstration runs in emerging pharmaceutical R&D.

    Real-World Impact and Application Stories

    Our most valued moments come not from the certificates, but from hearing how D-(-)-Erythrose performed in the real world. Researchers synthesizing advanced HIV pharmaceuticals reported cleaner reaction profiles when switching over. A polymer manufacturer, seeking a renewable feedstock for high-value bioplastics, leveraged its specific reactivity and ease of downstream conversion. Another story from a public laboratory described how our erythrose allowed them to isolate a series of unique polyol intermediates, opening up new routes in rare sugar derivatives.

    These accounts highlight an important truth: the performance of specialty chemicals like D-(-)-Erythrose depends not only on molecular structure but on every step in their journey—from raw sourcing through to packing and final delivery. Without control and thoughtful attention at each stage, even the most well-understood sugar can fail expectations. Our philosophy over decades has become one of proactive transparency: sharing batch data in full, flagging unusual runs, and error-proofing high risk steps with clear documentation for every customer. This, in turn, builds a virtuous cycle—less rework and frustration for users, and better insights feeding back to our own production staff.

    Looking Ahead: Technology, Regulation, and Trust

    In recent years, regulatory requirements have grown more complex, with end-users demanding traceable, documented, and reliably clean D-(-)-Erythrose for both experimental and pilot production. We have added full analytical dossiers, held technical briefings, and invested in digital tracking systems as a result. New technology allows for more precise analysis, from updated HPLC detectors to more sensitive chiral verification, making it possible to spot and fix issues earlier in the production timeline. Regular training for operators, and a culture that values open reporting of mistakes and deviations, have proven key in keeping standards high.

    Trust is never assumed. Each lot of D-(-)-Erythrose we prepare has passed through hands that care deeply about how their output affects the downstream operator. We encourage users—no matter their field—to reach out with detailed feedback, project goals, or technical challenges. Through this hands-on, details-first approach, we aim for D-(-)-Erythrose not just to fill a product category, but to drive forward research, process innovation, and better outcomes at any scale.

    Final Perspectives from the Manufacturing Floor

    Our everyday work rarely ends up featured in industry headlines, yet every improvement in how we purify, analyze, and deliver D-(-)-Erythrose means fewer headaches and higher confidence for our partners. Having stood at the bench, and walked the production floor, we know that the smallest improvements—more secure packaging, sharper analytics, faster user reporting—make the biggest difference over time. D-(-)-Erythrose has become both a symbol of the value that careful manufacturing brings to specialty chemicals and a testament to the fact that good chemistry still begins with real, human attention to detail.

    We continue to invest in better people, technology, and protocols, knowing that in this niche market, real quality comes not from shortcuts but from enduring trust. From those developing tomorrow’s drugs to laboratories testing new materials, our promise remains clear: every batch of D-(-)-Erythrose receives the same meticulous care, because real reliability has to be earned—not just advertised.