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Carbohydrazide

    • Product Name Carbohydrazide
    • Alias Hydrazinecarboxamide
    • Einecs 206-506-7
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
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    VTB
    Specifications

    HS Code

    675413

    Chemical Name Carbohydrazide
    Molecular Formula CH6N4O
    Molar Mass 90.09 g/mol
    Appearance White crystalline powder
    Melting Point 153-154 °C
    Boiling Point Decomposes before boiling
    Solubility In Water Soluble
    Density 1.36 g/cm³
    Cas Number 497-18-7
    Odor Odorless
    Ph Approximately 7 (1% solution)
    Stability Stable under normal conditions
    Flash Point Non-flammable
    Uses Oxygen scavenger, Boiler water treatment, Reducing agent
    Synonyms Carbonic dihydrazide, UN 3241

    As an accredited Carbohydrazide factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing Carbohydrazide is typically packaged in a 25 kg net weight fiber drum with a secure, moisture-proof inner polyethylene bag lining.
    Shipping Carbohydrazide should be shipped in tightly sealed, labeled containers to prevent moisture absorption and decomposition. It must be transported as a chemical substance under standard regulations, away from incompatible materials such as oxidizers. Store and handle in cool, dry conditions, ensuring compliance with local, national, and international shipping and safety guidelines.
    Storage Carbohydrazide should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from sources of heat, sparks, and open flames. Keep the container tightly closed and protected from moisture. Store separately from oxidizing agents, acids, and alkaline substances. Ensure proper labeling and secure storage to prevent accidental exposure or mixing, following all relevant chemical safety regulations and guidelines.
    Application of Carbohydrazide

    Applications of Carbohydrazide in Industrial Manufacturing

    Carbohydrazide plays a significant functional role across several specialized industrial sectors. As an established chemical producer, we supply carbohydrazide to fit the precise process requirements of diverse downstream manufacturers. Below, we outline real-world application tracks, precise compliance benchmarks, formulation data, technical integration points, and typical end product categories for each sector.

    1. Power Plant Boiler Feedwater Treatment

    Thermal power plants and heavy industry facilities use carbohydrazide as an oxygen scavenger in boiler water systems. This application focuses on preventing corrosion of steel and alloy equipment by effectively removing dissolved oxygen. Operators inject carbohydrazide directly into the feedwater system after the deaerator stage but before steam generation, replacing toxic hydrazine in many regulatory environments. The chemical decomposes under heat to form nitrogen and water with non-corrosive byproducts, extending boiler service life and reducing maintenance frequency over years of high load cycles.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ASME Consensus on Operating Practices for the Control of Feedwater and Boiler Water Chemistry
    • EN 12952-12:2003 Water-tube boilers – Requirements for boiler feedwater and boiler water quality
    • GB/T 1576-2008 (China) Water Quality for Industrial Boilers
    • Power sector HSE and Environmental Management Standards

    Typical usage ratio

    • 5–20 mg/L, calculated based on dissolved O2 content; dosage adjusted according to boiler output volume, oxygen ingress, and condensate quality.

    Downstream process integration

    • Dosed inline via metering pumps at the deaerator exit or feedwater tank entry; monitored and controlled by online ORP analyzers and residual carbohydrazide testing kits.

    Final product types

    • High-pressure steam for electricity generation
    • Process steam for district heating networks
    • Processed boiler feedwater (post-treatment to other plant loops)

    2. Photo Imaging Chemical Synthesis

    Photographic and graphic arts chemistry relies on carbohydrazide as a reducing agent and stabilizer in certain silver halide developer solutions and film processing baths. It provides strong reduction potential with low toxicity risk for end users compared to traditional reducing agents. Downstream processors add carbohydrazide during the formulation of developer concentrates to control fog and extend shelf life. The compound is especially common in black-and-white and X-ray film development, where image clarity, sensitivity profile, and minimal background fog are critical to professional and industrial imaging workflows.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 18924:2013 Imaging materials – Processed silver halide photographic films
    • ANSI IT9.11 – Imaging Media – Processed Films – Storage
    • REACH Annex XVII (for restricted chemicals)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.015–0.08% by weight in developer solutions; levels set according to developer formula, film thickness, target image density, and required shelf stability.

    Downstream process integration

    • Blended into developer concentrate batches prior to dilution; introduced either at main mixing or at precision post-synthesis dosing stage, tracked by titrimetric control.

    Final product types

    • Photographic film developer concentrates
    • X-ray developer fluids for diagnostic imaging labs
    • Photographic print chemistry for commercial print labs

    3. Polymer Foaming and Crosslinking Agent

    Polymer producers employ carbohydrazide as a blowing agent and crosslinking catalyst in the manufacture of certain specialty plastics and foamed polyolefin materials. Its decomposition releases inert gases under controlled temperature, creating fine cell structures in foams. Additionally, it acts as a chemical crosslinker in producing high-performance resins with advanced mechanical, chemical, or thermal characteristics. Users typically dose carbohydrazide during polymer melt mixing or within pre-polymer additive packs. Strict quality control over particle distribution, purity, and decomposition profile ensures uniform foam formation and predictable finished product performance.

    Industry compliance standards

    • EU Regulation No 10/2011 (Plastic Materials and Articles in Contact with Food)
    • UL 94 – Plastics Flammability Standard
    • ASTM D3575 – Flexible Cellular Materials—Physical Properties

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.3–1.2% by weight in polymer mass; dosage refined according to base polymer type, cell density target, and foaming line temperature profile.

    Downstream process integration

    • Added to resin blend prior to extrusion or molding; introduced via high-shear mixers or masterbatch circuits; decomposition temperature coordinated with polymer softening point.

    Final product types

    • Closed-cell crosslinked polyolefin foam boards
    • Automotive interior trim foams
    • Insulation panels for construction
    • Lightweight impact-resistant packaging

    4. Intermediate for Pharmaceuticals and Agrochemicals

    Chemical synthesis in the pharma and agrochemical sectors utilizes carbohydrazide as a building block for high-purity biologically active compounds. It provides a reactive hydrazino functionality for cyclization, condensation, and hydrazine exchange reactions. This material features in the production of specific APIs, including anti-tuberculosis and anti-cancer agents, and as a synthon for herbicides and plant growth regulators. Only pharmaceutical- or technical-grade carbohydrazide compliant with strict impurity limits and traceability enters these pipelines. Users dose it batch-wise in reaction vessels under inert atmospheres with continuous monitoring for unreacted residues, enabling validation under cGMP or equivalent quality systems.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ICH Q7 – Good Manufacturing Practice Guide for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
    • USP–NF monograph for starting materials (where applicable)
    • FAO/WHO JMPR Residue Codex for agrochemicals
    • 21 CFR parts 210/211 for finished pharmaceuticals (US FDA)

    Typical usage ratio

    • Stoichiometric or 1.02–1.10 molar equivalents based on product synthesis routes; excess controlled to avoid downstream contamination risks and ensure regulatory acceptance.

    Downstream process integration

    • Dosed at closed-reactor charging stations during intermediate synthesis; introduced under N2 or Ar blanket conditions to minimize side reactions; reaction endpoints validated by HPLC or similar analytical techniques.

    Final product types

    • Active pharmaceutical intermediates (e.g., hydrazide-substituted APIs)
    • Selective herbicides and plant growth regulators
    • Veterinary drug ingredients

    5. Metal Surface Treatment and Passivation

    Manufacturers in electronics, precision machinery, and aerospace sectors use carbohydrazide as a reducing and passivation agent in metal surface treatments. It effectively reduces metal oxides, minimizes etching, and prevents tarnishing during circuit board production, connector cleaning, and wire plating. Operators incorporate carbohydrazide into cleaning and conditioning baths to achieve controlled oxide removal without aggressive attack on base metals. Its application ensures conductive layer integrity and improved adhesion of subsequent plating, critical for high-reliability components in demanding environments.

    Industry compliance standards

    • IPC-4552 – Performance Specification for Electroless Nickel/Immersion Gold (ENIG) Plating
    • ASTM B633 – Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc on Iron and Steel
    • RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.05–0.4% (500–4000 ppm) in passivation or cleaning baths; level selected based on metal alloy, oxide thickness, and cleaning time constraints.

    Downstream process integration

    • Dissolved in working baths immediately prior to process run; circulated over target parts or substrates; pH and carbohydrazide residuals monitored regularly to maintain process safety and repeatability.

    Final product types

    • Printed circuit board (PCB) substrates
    • Electronic connector contacts
    • Specialized wire and strip for aerospace and telecom applications
    • Precision electromechanical components
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    Carbohydrazide: Manufacturing Experience and Application Insights

    An Introduction Through the Eyes of Chemical Production

    Carbohydrazide holds a unique spot at our facility. Its chemical properties create a range of possibilities for users, from power plants to photographic labs. We have witnessed growing demand from several sectors, especially companies dealing with boiler systems. By focusing on product consistency and reliability, we have become closely familiar with customer priorities, and Carbohydrazide often meets those requirements.

    Model and Specifications Straight from the Production Floor

    Our production line pushes out Carbohydrazide that meets the standards expected in the market, particularly with purity above 99%. Particle size, moisture content, and residue levels all get carefully controlled—details such as these can make a difference. Customers often ask about physical form, so it is worth noting that our batches remain free flowing without clumping, which can matter in automated dosing systems. Every shipment passes internal and external checks for impurities like chloride and sulphate. These benchmarks are not just marketing lines—they determine how the product works once it leaves the warehouse.

    Boiler Water Treatment and Oxygen Scavenging: Practical Performance

    Carbohydrazide’s main role, as we have learned through years of direct feedback, revolves around safeguarding high-pressure steam systems. Our clients, especially utility companies and industrial parks, rely on it to keep boiler tubes rust-free. The product reacts quickly with dissolved oxygen, which otherwise eats away at metal surfaces. We watch incoming orders surge during plant overhauls or expansions; new units require flawless first fills to protect multimillion-dollar investments. In our experience, using Carbohydrazide brings a safer alternative to hydrazine, which has grown both regulatory and safety concerns over time. Plant engineers come to us because of this, needing a material that works just as well without the same occupational risks.

    Comparison: Carbohydrazide and Other Deoxygenating Agents

    Before Carbohydrazide, many industries relied on hydrazine hydrate for similar applications. Both serve as oxygen scavengers, but handling hydrazine introduces stricter hazard controls. Workers ask about exposure routes and we’ve listened to supervisors recount near-miss situations around older chemicals. By choosing Carbohydrazide, facilities lower both project insurance premiums and direct health risks. Unlike sodium sulfite, which often accompanies them as an alternative oxygen scavenger, Carbohydrazide does not leave behind solids or salts which can add unwanted residues to boiler water circuits. Maintenance teams favor it for reducing overall cleaning schedules, especially when tighter environmental controls require cleaner blowdown streams.

    Photographic and Polymer Usage: A Niche but Steady Demand

    Beyond the obvious market, Carbohydrazide finds a home in photographic chemicals, primarily as a stabilizer and developer ingredient. We export specific grades to longtime clients in Asia and Europe who need tight controls on trace metals. Photography manufacturers look for clarity and clean reactivity, and inconsistent batches risk damaging film. In the resin industry, it operates as a chain extender; manufacturers of polyamides and polyurethanes benefit from its strong nucleophilicity. Smaller buyers sometimes seek out Carbohydrazide for laboratory or specialty synthesis work. Conversations with their chemists often become quite technical, tracing back to how the particle morphology or trace impurities might influence finished product yields.

    Safety and Handling: Lessons from Daily Operations

    Running a Carbohydrazide production unit teaches more than procedures about chemical reactivity. We have handled countless tons and all the real-world challenges they present. Unlike hydrazine, Carbohydrazide has much lower volatility and lower acute toxicity. Even so, the material requires respect. Our teams invest time in training, keeping transfer points clean, and monitoring for dust in the air, even though the threshold limit values are relatively high. Operations teams document every small spill and treat it with the seriousness any chemical deserves. We remind customers to use enclosed systems and proper ventilation. It is routine for engineers to call with questions about climate storage or the effect of humidity on storage stability.

    Storage and Shelf Life: Direct Observations Matter Most

    Every batch of Carbohydrazide in our warehouse faces a controlled environment. Our logistics staff learned early on that excess warmth or moisture could clump product or accelerate breakdown. We keep humidity low and temperature steady, following data from both routine inventory audits and technical literature. Through years of shipping, we have seen that product packed into airtight drums or bags holds up well, sometimes longer than the published shelf life. Customers who follow similar protocols avoid loss of quality, and few have ever reported returned product due to degradation. Still, we advise checking for off-odors or discoloration prior to use; these are rare but cue us into potential supplier-side mishandling elsewhere.

    Sustainability and Regulatory Aspects

    Our site engineers stay ahead of international rules. In regions such as the European Union and the United States, scrutiny of oxygen scavengers only grows. Hydrazine’s classification as a probable carcinogen pushed many users towards Carbohydrazide. Customers visit for audits and often ask for REACH or TSCA compliance statements. Whereas some other oxygen scavengers test regulatory patience by adding secondary substances to water systems, Carbohydrazide breaks down into gases—mainly nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and water. Environmental managers at major industrial sites take comfort in discharge permits being simpler, as local authorities increasingly scrutinize every outgoing stream from manufacturing or energy facilities.

    Quality Assurance: Real Accountability

    Producing Carbohydrazide at commercial scale goes beyond a simple synthesis. We depend on strict protocols: regular raw material assays, mid-batch sampling, and third-party verification before any shipment leaves. Manufacturing managers have invested in up-to-date process controls. Incoming feedback from the field—good or bad—cycles straight into the next process audit. Tight control on moisture levels and bulk density matter most for automated dosing and direct injection uses. We learned long ago that customer trust disappears after a single bad batch; consistency and openness let us keep long-term contracts.

    Application Advice Based on Field Experience

    Carbohydrazide’s reactivity comes into play most clearly during dosing. Higher pressures and larger boilers demand precise, staged feeding. Feedwater chemists often ask us for guidance about transitions—switching from hydrazine or refining dosing rates for seasonal shifts in water temperature. In these scenarios, we lean on historical data of reaction rates and real outcomes at similar plants. Manual dosing sometimes works for smaller facilities, but automated systems prove their worth for accuracy in larger sites. If overdosed, Carbohydrazide can run up costs without improving corrosion rates, so we encourage regular sampling and clear documentation, something plant operators now treat as industry best practice.

    Economic Considerations and Cost Pressures

    Raw material fluctuations remain within our conversations weekly. Urea and hydrazine supplies both factor deeply into overall price. Capacity expansions in Asia push the global price curve, so we coordinate closely with procurement to lock in stable prices. Clients often debate switching to cheaper scavengers like sodium sulfite, but many decide the modest premium for Carbohydrazide justifies itself in total lifecycle costs—lower cleaning expenses, reduced downtime, and peace of mind with safety departments. Big buyers push for volume discounts, yet we have learned not to cut corners on specification; skipping quality steps only courts bigger losses down the line.

    Challenges from Unregulated Material and Market Lookalikes

    Almost every year, unregulated suppliers attempt to float dubious grades into the market. We have seen product adulteration, moisture-laden shipments, and faked certificates. Trouble comes quickest from importers seeking bargains without vetting sources. Facility managers who get burned by poor quality have come to us after treating machines damaged by impurities. Trace metals, for example, can catalyze side reactions in fine-tuned processes, leading to unplanned shutdowns and warranty issues. We continually invest in traceability, batch tracking, and open communication with incoming QC staff at customer plants. Verifiable quality beats a low price every time in this sector.

    Technical Support: Getting Beyond the Material Data Sheet

    Application headaches sometimes go past written instructions. Over the years, plant chemists have called to discuss sticky situations—a sudden jump in boiler iron content, appearance of unexpected color in water, or questions about unusual deposits. In most cases, these issues do not result from Carbohydrazide itself but from process variables further upstream. Our technical liaisons offer troubleshooting guides, and sometimes we send support staff onsite. This level of engagement proves its worth—troubleshooting not just our product but the integration into a broader process. Years of direct involvement created a firm trust between us and many longstanding partners.

    Carbohydrazide for Emerging Uses

    Recently, research groups and advanced material firms started asking about specialty grades for uses beyond traditional oxygen scavenging. Some pursue electronic materials where ultra-low residue and trace element profiles matter more than bulk cost. Others develop slow-release formulations for agrochemical applications, exploring Carbohydrazide as a controlled nitrogen source. Our R&D team grows more curious as we see patents and new synthesis papers referencing this compound in pharmaceutical intermediate production and energetic materials. These sectors tend to order experimental quantities but expect documentation and support approaching pharma standards. Handling these requests stretches our analytical team, yet builds experience for future market shifts.

    Lessons Learned from Decades of Manufacturing

    Every production campaign brings a new lesson or process tweak. Scale-up revealed early bottlenecks in mixing and drying; learning from those issues keeps newer lines running smoothly. Blending feeds at steady temperature controls moisture on the final output and reduces rework. Any operator who has tried to granularize a stubborn batch knows just how sensitive yield loss can be to small shifts in input quality. We map residuals at every batch junction, knowing how minor off-spec batches can affect larger combined lots. Sellable yield and batch purity anchor our daily shift targets. The company grew not by grand innovations but by preserving hard-earned knowledge and rewarding problem solvers in every part of the process.

    Outlook and Direction for the Carbohydrazide Market

    The future of Carbohydrazide appears linked to tightening global water quality and industrial safety rules. Emerging power markets in Southeast Asia and the Middle East open up opportunities for responsible suppliers able to service frequent and sometimes remote plant sites. Clients increasingly expect documentation, technical backup, and regular compliance reporting. We observe procurement officers sending more detailed RFQs, requiring plant audits or video inspections before purchase orders. In response, we invest in digital tracking, video QA records, and rapid response support that travels to client facilities if problems arise. This level of accountability, in our experience, makes a concrete difference in today’s market.

    Summary: Carbohydrazide Seen Through Production and Use

    No database or standard can capture the on-the-ground realities we face as a chemical manufacturer. Carbohydrazide, as a daily presence in our plant, grew importance as older, riskier chemicals faced more scrutiny and regulation. Through safe handling, rigorous testing, and continued interaction with users in fluid industries, we have crafted a product that stands up to demanding environments. The focus on practical, long-term reliability rather than just price enables both us and our customers to face regulatory and operational changes. We see Carbohydrazide not just as a chemical molecule, but as the culmination of many small decisions, close attention to user needs, and a shared responsibility for safety and environmental stewardship. This approach continues to shape the way we make and deliver Carbohydrazide, one shipment at a time.