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Bromohydroquinone

    • Product Name Bromohydroquinone
    • Alias p-Bromoquinol
    • Einecs 207-750-3
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
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    Specifications

    HS Code

    555692

    Chemical Name Bromohydroquinone
    Iupac Name 4-Bromobenzene-1,2-diol
    Molecular Formula C6H5BrO2
    Molecular Weight 189.01 g/mol
    Cas Number 496-71-9
    Appearance White to pale yellow solid
    Melting Point 128-132 °C
    Solubility In Water Moderately soluble
    Boiling Point Decomposes before boiling
    Density 1.8 g/cm³
    Pubchem Cid 10467
    Synonyms 4-Bromohydroquinone, 4-Bromo-1,2-dihydroxybenzene
    Smiles C1=CC(=C(C=C1Br)O)O
    Storage Conditions Keep tightly closed, store in a cool, dry place

    As an accredited Bromohydroquinone factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing Bromohydroquinone is supplied in a 25-gram amber glass bottle with a secure screw cap and detailed hazard labeling.
    Shipping Bromohydroquinone is typically shipped in tightly sealed containers, protected from light and moisture. It should be transported according to local and international chemical transport regulations, with appropriate hazard labeling. Handle with care and store in a cool, well-ventilated area, away from incompatible substances and sources of ignition.
    Storage Bromohydroquinone should be stored in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from sources of ignition and incompatible materials such as strong oxidizing agents. Keep it protected from moisture and direct sunlight. Proper labeling and secure storage are essential to prevent accidental exposure or contamination. Use chemical safety protocols and wear appropriate personal protective equipment when handling.
    Application of Bromohydroquinone

    Applications of Bromohydroquinone in Industrial Manufacturing

    Bromohydroquinone supports several high-value chemical manufacturing sectors, with each application requiring specific formulation and process controls. As a direct manufacturer, we provide consistent quality to ensure reliable downstream integration in regulated industries.

    1. Synthesis of Pharmaceutical Intermediates

    Bromohydroquinone serves as a key building block in the synthesis of select active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) intermediates, particularly in the formation of anti-infectives and central nervous system medicine precursors. Manufacturing sites employ it under strict process validation, introducing it at designated coupling or substitution steps where brominated derivatives offer critical reactivity and selectivity. Our material supports batch-to-batch consistency, helping custom synthesis teams meet regulatory submission demands for process repeatability and impurity profile control.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ICH Q7 Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
    • United States Pharmacopeia (USP) monographs where relevant
    • European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) for registration batches
    • US FDA and EMA regulatory filing requirements for APIs and intermediates

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.5% to 8% molar equivalent, depending on target intermediate; adjusted by substrate reactivity, desired yield, and impurity management strategies

    Downstream process integration

    • Charged directly into the chlorination, oxidation, or coupling reactor as a stochiometric or limiting reagent
    • Employed in closed-system reactions to minimize exposure and byproduct formation
    • Captures specific halogenation steps leading to unique aromatic structures in late-stage synthesis
    • Subject to multi-step purification before carrying over to subsequent synthetic stages

    Final product types

    • Pharmaceutical intermediates for CNS active agents
    • Cephalosporin intermediate compounds
    • Precursor chemicals for anti-viral APIs
    • Custom synthesis components used in registration batch production

    2. Industrial Dye and Pigment Manufacturing

    Downstream dye and pigment producers use bromohydroquinone in the synthesis of halogenated quinone dyes, especially for high-performance textile colorants and technical pigments. Its function involves providing specific chromophore features, enhancing colorfastness and hue in selected dye families. During large-volume formulation, customers precisely control the addition of this intermediate to balance shade depth and chemical stability, maintaining compliance with regulated colorant purity profiles.

    Industry compliance standards

    • EN 71-3 Safety of Toys (heavy metal and halogenated component restrictions)
    • ZDHC MRSL (Zero Discharge of Hazardous Chemicals, Manufacturing Restricted Substances List)
    • OEKO-TEX Standard 100 Annex 6 for textile safety
    • Global Harmonized System (GHS) classification and labelling for colorant producers

    Typical usage ratio

    • 1% to 12% mass-based on total dye batch, depending on targeted color intensity and final lightfastness; modifiable within formulation design for compliance with end-product requirements

    Downstream process integration

    • Introduced after primary aromatic amine treatment during diazo-coupling reactions
    • Reacted with oxidizing agents to establish desired chromophore backbone
    • Subjected to purification, crystallization, and spray drying to prepare market-ready pigments
    • QC monitored for bromine release and quinone purity at each batch step

    Final product types

    • Reactive dyes for cotton and cellulose blend fabric
    • Synthetic pigment pastes for plastics and inks
    • Specialty textile colorants for sports and outdoor apparel
    • High-performance technical dyes used in microelectronics manufacturing

    3. Polymer Additive and Stabilizer Synthesis

    Producers of engineering plastics and specialty polymers rely on bromohydroquinone for incorporation into flame retardant systems and antioxidant packages. It acts as a halogenated precursor for additive molecules that protect polymer chains during high-temperature processing and end-use. Our bromohydroquinone supports controlled reactivity profiles, ensuring batch uniformity where molecular weight distribution and additive loading must meet regulatory audit standards for materials like polycarbonates and fire-rated construction plastics.

    Industry compliance standards

    • REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals) Annex XVII for brominated compound content
    • UL 94 Flammability standards for plastics
    • RoHS Directive (2011/65/EU) for electrical and electronic applications
    • ASTM D2863 Limiting Oxygen Index test for polymers

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.2% to 3% by polymer blend weight, adjusted according to fire retardancy rating and polymer processing temperature

    Downstream process integration

    • Added to monomer feed during in-situ polymerization or compounded as a masterbatch additive pre-extrusion
    • Incorporated early in additive blending to ensure uniform reactivity and dispersion throughout polymer melt
    • Screened for residual monomer content and additive migration in QC release
    • Used in parallel with non-halogen stabilizers to meet multiple regulatory endpoints

    Final product types

    • Flame retardant polycarbonate sheets and panels
    • High-stability PVC cable sheathing
    • Antioxidant-modified engineering resins
    • Polymer compounds for wire, cable, and electronic housing applications

    4. Photographic Developer and Fine Chemical Formulation

    Manufacturers of fine photographic chemicals and imaging solutions employ bromohydroquinone as a specialized developing agent due to its redox properties and brominated aromatic ring. This compound features prominently in the formulation of black-and-white film developers and high-resolution photochemicals. Strict process monitoring governs its addition, given the need for consistent grain development, contrast, and archival image stability, with trace metal and organic impurity thresholds validated against photographic quality benchmarks.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 18902 Imaging materials — Processed imaging materials — Photographic image stability
    • ANSI/NAPM IT9.19 for black-and-white photographic developer chemicals
    • Imaging industry QC protocols for silver migration and contaminant control
    • Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS C 5203) for chemical purity in developer production

    Typical usage ratio

    • 1 g/L to 10 g/L in aqueous or mixed solvent developer solutions, based on desired development rate and silver halide reduction profile

    Downstream process integration

    • Dissolved with other developer agents in pre-mixed concentrate formulation tanks
    • Carefully neutralized for pH control and integration with secondary buffering ingredients
    • Filtered for trace impurities to prevent developer fogging and image defects
    • Packaged for professional darkroom or industrial imaging processing lines

    Final product types

    • Developer concentrates for black-and-white film laboratories
    • Imaging chemicals for high-resolution silver halide photo papers
    • Fine chemical components for archival photographic processing solutions
    • Precision developer kits for medical and non-destructive imaging systems
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    Bromohydroquinone: Practical Uses and Lessons from Chemical Manufacturing

    What Sets Bromohydroquinone Apart in Chemical Production

    Bromohydroquinone, known in our facility by the model code HQ-BR-99, comes from a carefully tuned process. In the field of specialty organics, few compounds pull their weight quite like this one. Our team learned the hard way that achieving high assay—over 99% purity—is less about just hitting a number and more about making sure every kilogram meets the same standard. At scale, impurities pile up fast. Years ago, early attempts led to inconsistent batches, but gradual process improvements pulled us into line with international benchmarks. That kind of consistency matters most to chemists using it for pharmaceuticals and advanced materials synthesis.

    Raw Decisions in Process Development

    Our setup revolves around para-dibromination of hydroquinone. This step asks more from operators than button-pushing: minor changes in temperature swing the bromination ratio, and even a fresh operator can spot color differences in real time. Those color shifts reveal far more about reaction progress than any instrument could every ten minutes. We've found fewer side-products, like mono-bromo and over-brominated tars, when we tune agitation speeds by hand. The complex mixture during this short stage rewards hands-on work.

    Solvent recycling drives down our total environmental load. In earlier years, solubilized side-products made wastewater handling rough. Skilled technicians spotted patterns and found efficient solvent swaps, which cut down on organic emissions and improved yield. Today, our effluent profile holds up to regulatory scrutiny, something not every newcomer in the field can claim.

    Bromohydroquinone Specifications That Actually Matter

    On paper, manufacturers describe Bromohydroquinone as white to faint beige crystals, sometimes in fine powder form. Operators value physical cues more than the most detailed chromatogram: batches that clump or exhibit discoloration lose trust fast among regular customers. Granule size holds less importance than customers believe. In real-world use—particular with larger applications in dye intermediates—the main priority comes down to minimizing dust and improving handling safety. Our distribution team gives direct feedback, so we keep our product flowing without added anti-caking agents, which can introduce new headaches for downstream users.

    Water content sits below 0.1% by weight because even a small presence of moisture, proven by Karl Fischer titration, degrades stability during storage. Years ago, one summer, containers at customers' sites failed quality checks due to abnormally humid packaging processes back at our facility. Fixing that bottleneck required an overhaul of our drying chambers and better desiccant protocols. That lesson taught us vigilance never goes out of style—especially since the main applications demand purity and stable storage.

    Supporting High-End Synthesis and Industry Needs

    Researchers look to our Bromohydroquinone not just for laboratory or trial runs. Our largest orders go straight to groups making photosensitive resins and performance polymers. The oxidative behavior of the compound, with subtle differences compared to standard hydroquinone, allows tight control over reactivity in end-use formulas. Customers mention that alternatives—mainly other halogenated hydroquinones—bring heavier regulatory baggage or unpredictable melt profiles, which fouls up production. Our producers test on every shipment for trace halides and non-hydroquinone analogs. They find that consistency in assay—never just batch average, but every sub-lot—offers a tighter margin for error and reduces the need for corrective downstream blending.

    One customer once highlighted the edge in photoinitiator speed when using our HQ-BR-99 rather than an imported generic. The manufacturing difference traced back to absence of brominated tars cleared during our mid-stage distillation. Changing that step brought measurable improvements to their final polymer performance. For us, feedback like that confirms the practical value of in-house production experience.

    Safety and Down-To-Earth Handling Advice

    Bromohydroquinone does require more respect than some common industrial organics. Most operators at our plant remember their early years spent transferring the powder in negative-pressure booths. Respiratory protective gear matters, but so does house-keeping: keeping the workspaces, scoopers, and scales dry and free of stray dust has paid off in worker health audits. On one occasion, a minor spillage in liquid bromine feedstock area highlighted gaps in personal training, not just written protocols. Our safety audit team, built from floor technicians, corrects those gaps more quickly now than out-of-touch management.

    From what we see, regular visitors to our facility—regulatory auditors and long-term customers alike—pay more attention to containers, labels, and spill logs than any official safety statement. A pattern emerges every year during joint audits: sloppy packaging signals a disregard for quality everywhere. This motivated us to standardize steel-lined drums for bulk shipments and double-sealed PE containers for smaller lots.

    Lessons from Customer Collaboration

    Quality requirements rarely come from datasheets. Customers running pilot projects often call us to clarify what differences show up between Bromohydroquinone and other halogenated versions. Early brokers hunting for a ‘one size fits all’ chemical discovered that small changes—just a trace of di-bromo impurities—caused unpredictable side reactions, especially in pigment production or pharmaceutical intermediate work. Direct discussions with users proved that feedback from people actually running their lines trumps textbook purity ideals.

    A regional resin producer once noticed their final batch-yellowing problem disappeared only after shifting entirely to our version of Bromohydroquinone. We didn’t realize our residual color standards would mean so much downstream, yet substantial performance improvements kept their business coming back. Process tweaks like improved filtration at our site directly led to this advantage, which we only discovered through open, technical dialogue with their team.

    Bromohydroquinone Versus Other Halogenated Hydroquinones

    Some newcomers assume brominated and chlorinated hydroquinones work interchangeably. Chemical structure says otherwise. Bromohydroquinone’s unique substitution pattern changes electron density and reactivity, allowing different use cases in redox chemistry and polymer cross-linking. For example, in photoresist applications, chlorinated analogs often introduce side-color formation, which complicates quality control for finished goods. The higher atomic weight of bromine brings subtle advantages; end-users get enhanced opacity in specialty resins and no need for additional post-processing.

    While mass-produced hydroquinone still finds heavy use, the demand for more predictable downstream reactions keeps sales for HQ-BR-99 growing steadily. In-house, our team ran batches in comparative pilot reactors. Bromohydroquinone nailed target performance at lower loads—something we attribute to both assay and physical form rather than simple chemical substitution. Repeated feedback from high-reliability buyers—specialty pigment manufacturers and electronics substrate suppliers—echoes this finding. For them, a smoother melt profile and narrow impurity spectrum trump price differences by a wide margin.

    Environmental and Regulatory Realities

    Labels on containers list regulatory line items, but the real challenge lies elsewhere: plant air and watershed protection. Long before regulations tightened, operators noticed how minor solvent leaks amplified workplace complaints, odors, and community relations issues. Rather than treat emission controls as a paperwork problem, we started holding annual open days, letting neighbors and government reps walk our floors. Fielding tough questions from those stakeholders made us structure investments in thermal oxidizers and vent scrubbers with more care. The secondary benefit: fewer process stoppages during audits, and more productive relationships with seasoned regulators.

    Handling of waste streams became a learning point. Dealing with brominated byproducts pushes up disposal costs fast. Reacting to this, our R&D group initiated continuous recovery systems for mother liquors, reducing not only hazard class waste but also boosting recovery rates. These investments lowered both real disposal taxes and neighborhood concern about groundwater impact. Many newer producers skip these investments early on and wind up with costly retrofits.

    Traceability and Continual Improvement at Production Scale

    Traceability doesn’t just take the form of batch numbers. To track performance lessons, our lead production chemists keep narrative logs. Obscure production records from older batches once helped explain to a user why their processing line handled one lot better than another. Our maintenance lead remembers fighting clogging in a pre-filter; the fix wound up improving both recovery yield and particle size control. This isn’t glamorous, but these experiences shape how we approach not only audits but our next production runs.

    Customers benefit directly from our internal improvements. We make process refinements transparent to buyers, updating them on source solvent switches and shipping material upgrades. That transparency often spurs customer teams to share their own downstream fixes or operational quirks, which in turn circles back into updated protocols or targeted technical support.

    Cost Factors and Market Dynamics

    Unlike commodity aromatics, brominated fine chemicals trade in tight, relationship-driven markets. Raw material volatility, especially in bromine procurement, often determines both margin and delivery reliability. Not every year brings stability: global events during logistics crunches taught us to keep larger bromine inventories on-site, even at the risk of higher monthly carrying costs.

    Recyclability and process waste influence delivered cost almost as much as feedstock price. Our finance and plant groups work closer together than before, analyzing whether process tweaks pay off in six months or drag down plant throughput. One year, switching a condenser design cut water use but inadvertently lowered batch yield by introducing micro contamination. These lessons never show up in text-book answers, but they color real-world cost optimization.

    End users vote with their purchases. In certain years, large orders for photosensitive polymers justified extended production runs, enabling smoother scheduling and stable pricing for everyone involved. We’ve learned to discourage speculative overstocking, instead focusing on delivery contract flexibility, which suits both sides better during unpredictable years.

    Looking Ahead: Challenges and Solutions for Specialty Brominated Compounds

    Anticipating where regulations and market needs will move means staying nimble in small-batch specialty chemical manufacture. Industry’s push toward greener credentials nudges everyone, especially niche producers like us, to scrutinize entire process chains for environmental weak spots. Today’s improvements—closed-loop bromine recovery, higher-efficiency filtration—grow from open communication between our operations and customer teams.

    Skilled chemical operators continue to make the greatest difference. Recruitment takes priority; on-site training and real-world problem-solving outshine certifications in maintaining low waste and high product quality. New digital tools, from remote sensor arrays to tighter packaging tracking, form part of our everyday toolkit but don’t replace on-the-floor knowledge passed from senior technicians to newcomers.

    Bromohydroquinone will likely remain a mainstay in several advanced applications. Its proven performance drives incremental improvement projects across our plant. Our team works toward even lower impurity levels and safer handling—upgrades motivated by people who run the reactors, fill the drums, and listen to end-use complaints firsthand.

    Customer Impact: Practical Reliability Over Theoretical Perfection

    The value of a chemical like HQ-BR-99 lies in how easily it plugs into existing processes and how reliably it stays on-spec from shipment to shipment. Every new lot brings lessons, which we channel back into process control and customer support. Conversations with experienced buyers, not sales pitches, drive product evolution and put performance and safety on equal footing.

    Years spent making Bromohydroquinone teach that well-made, predictable chemicals support more than just technical innovation—they underpin trust between those who manufacture, distribute, and use them across industries. This cycle of feedback and real-world improvement sets the foundation for the next chapter in specialty compound production.