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HS Code |
407250 |
| Cas Number | 207-08-9 |
| Molecular Formula | C20H12 |
| Molar Mass | 252.31 g/mol |
| Appearance | Yellow crystalline solid |
| Melting Point | 215-217 °C |
| Boiling Point | 480 °C (approximate) |
| Density | 1.24 g/cm³ |
| Solubility In Water | Insoluble |
| Vapor Pressure | 2.6×10⁻⁷ mmHg at 25 °C |
| Hazard Statements | Carcinogenic, hazardous to aquatic life |
| Iupac Name | Benzo[k]fluoranthene |
| Synonyms | B(k)F, 11,12-Benzofluoranthene |
| Ec Number | 205-916-6 |
As an accredited Benzo(K)Fluoranthene factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | The packaging for Benzo(K)Fluoranthene, 1 gram, is a sealed amber glass vial with hazard labels, stored in a secondary protective container. |
| Shipping | Benzo(k)fluoranthene is classified as a hazardous chemical and must be shipped in compliance with relevant regulations, such as DOT, IATA, or IMDG. It should be packaged in tightly sealed, properly labeled containers, and accompanied by appropriate safety documentation, including a Safety Data Sheet (SDS), to ensure safe transport and handling. |
| Storage | Benzo(k)fluoranthene should be stored in a tightly closed container, kept in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances such as strong oxidizers. Store it protected from light and sources of ignition. Use secondary containment to prevent spills. Ensure proper labeling, and access should be limited to trained personnel wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. |
Applications of Benzo(k)fluoranthene in Industrial ManufacturingAs a globally recognized supplier specializing in chemical raw materials, we maintain strict adherence to industry-specific requirements for quality and application precision. The following sections detail established industrial applications for Benzo(k)fluoranthene, including integration into operational processes, compliance with relevant regulations, and formulation details to assist downstream manufacturers in effective utilization across targeted sectors. 1. Environmental Reference Standard PreparationBenzo(k)fluoranthene is widely implemented as a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) reference standard for analytical laboratories supporting environmental monitoring programs. Laboratories use our material to calibrate and validate analytical methods during quantification of PAHs in air particulates, soil samples, and groundwater matrices. The selection of this compound as a reference ensures method sensitivity and traceability to globally harmonized regulatory frameworks. Industry compliance standards
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2. Industrial Process Emissions TestingBenzo(k)fluoranthene serves as a monitored indicator compound during stack emissions and air quality studies at combustion-based industrial facilities. In combustion optimization trials and regulatory audits, test engineers introduce this PAH in meticulously controlled amounts to simulate environmental load, evaluate abatement system performance, or validate method accuracy for source testing of incinerators, power plants, and metal processing operations. Industry compliance standards
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3. Forensic and Compliance Residue AnalysisRegulatory authorities and contract laboratories employ controlled concentrations of Benzo(k)fluoranthene for validation procedures in forensic investigation protocols, particularly in verifying trace PAH presence in materials such as contaminated soil, waste oil, and food contact surfaces. This PAH functions as a spiking agent or labeled internal reference, validating procedural recovery rates and ensuring precision threshold determination under stringent jurisdictional guidelines. Industry compliance standards
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4. Academic and Industrial Analytical Method DevelopmentUniversity research centers and industrial R&D teams frequently utilize Benzo(k)fluoranthene to develop, refine, or benchmark new PAH extraction, separation, and quantification methods within high-throughput analytical workflows. Researchers require consistent-grade material for optimizing recovery, breakthrough volume, and method selectivity studies, particularly for advancements in environmental, pharmaceutical, and materials analysis. Industry compliance standards
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Benzo(K)Fluoranthene is a name with weight in industrial chemistry. In daily work, the compound goes by its chemical formula, C20H12, and as manufacturers, we see it take shape in high-precision production environments that balance process efficiency with safety. Its crystalline form presents as a pale yellow solid, distinct from the more familiar pitch-black or resinous carbon-based aromatics like naphthalene. What separates Benzo(K)Fluoranthene from its close relatives isn't purely its structure—it’s the way it responds in different processing environments and the roles it fits into, especially in research and environmental analysis.
Precision matters. Our facility produces Benzo(K)Fluoranthene that meets high-purity requirements, frequently higher than 97 percent, since trace impurities can skew environmental measurements or research results. Rigorous chromatographic methods work alongside batch processing, with quality control that detects even trace benzofluoranthene isomers or heavy-metal residues. Most orders request the solid in small, vacuum-sealed glass containers, keeping moisture and air away. We avoid dust contamination through clean-in-place protocols on all reactors and glassware.
Manufacturing Benzo(K)Fluoranthene differs from synthesizing bulk aromatics, which operate on much larger volumes and sometimes less precise controls due to the intended use in commodity-scale applications. Here, each kilogram represents hours of delicate work: slow addition of reagents, tight temperature control during cyclization, and detailed monitoring for side-product formation. These habits come from direct experience; a single oversight in crystallization leaves unwanted yellowish-brown tars which are laborious to purify. There’s no shortcut when delivering Benzo(K)Fluoranthene for analytical or reference use.
Benzo(K)Fluoranthene appears on priority pollutant lists worldwide, including those by the US EPA and similar agencies in Europe and Asia. Its production isn’t driven by scale—it’s the compound’s biological profile and presence in combustion byproducts that generates demand. Environmental laboratories order this material for calibrating GC/MS equipment, developing analytical standards, and cross-validating soil and water tests. It often arrives alongside other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, but its unique chromatographic profile and retention properties make it indispensable for pollution fingerprinting.
Environmental scientists monitoring urban runoff or stack emissions lean heavily on reference standards tailored to Benzo(K)Fluoranthene. Small differences in purity or incorrect isomer content throw off toxicity assessments. Because its toxicological profile differs from fluoranthene or benzo(a)pyrene, downstream decisions hinge on the reliability of each batch. As a hands-on manufacturer, we hear directly from labs when calibration curves drift, which usually traces back to storage issues or undetected contaminants in other suppliers’ lots. By tightening each step—from vacuum-sealing to real-time NMR monitoring—we see far fewer customer complaints and retest requests.
There’s a larger context. Production also supports studies in carcinogenesis, mutagenicity, and photodegradation. University groups request milligram amounts for fundamental research, and product reliability influences not only their findings but also the regulatory recommendations that arise from them. The feedback loop between suppliers, laboratories, and regulators is direct—delays or failures in delivery slow down environmental monitoring programs, especially following industrial accidents or wildfires where time matters.
Benzo(K)Fluoranthene belongs to a suite of related aromatics, but it stands apart from compounds like benzo(a)pyrene or chrysene both in structure and behavior. The additional fused benzene ring in Benzo(K)Fluoranthene changes the way it breaks down under ultraviolet light and the way enzymes metabolize it in biological systems. Other manufacturers sometimes supply benzo(a)anthracene or benzo(b)fluoranthene alongside this product, but interchangeability ends at the label. Each compound displays a unique migration profile in liquid chromatography and a distinct mass spectral fingerprint. Our technicians have learned—through failed separations and ambiguous lab results—that even tiny contamination from these structurally similar molecules prompts retesting by customers.
We’ve seen requests for blends of PAHs, but precise work requires attention to individual component behavior. Certain analytical protocols can’t distinguish between benzo(b) and benzo(k) isomers, but high-end laboratories now specify stricter tolerances for these differences. This, in turn, forces improvements in our synthetic purification: low-pressure column chromatography, successive recrystallizations, and batch-specific certificate issuance. This is not a product to batch out alongside similar aromatics and expect consistent results.
Handling Benzo(K)Fluoranthene also diverges from routine organic solids. It requires more controlled storage since photochemical sensitivity increases formation of quinones or dimers when exposed to sunlight. Over years of shipping and storing, we noticed that temperature fluctuations in transit often led to slow degradation, motivating us to redesign packaging for better thermal insulation and light shielding. Unlike stable naphthalenes, Benzo(K)Fluoranthene does not last indefinitely on the shelf when left exposed. This practical knowledge only comes through experience; the published literature on storage often misses out on slow-forming artifacts that confound research measurements.
In the early years, production seemed straightforward: follow published synthetic routes, recrystallize from solvent, and package. Only after routine customer feedback did we refine our process. Environmental labs and academic groups flagged inconsistent melting points, yellow coloration on arrival, or unexpected baseline drift in analytical quantification. Suspecting airborne contamination, we switched out open-air drying racks for vented, filtered ovens. At one point, our internal batches failed several calibration runs—post-process NMR spectra revealed trace tetracene contamination from a shared glass line. Leaning on these lessons, we separated equipment and doubled down on raw material scrutiny.
Some of the biggest challenges stem from the compound’s sensitivity. Prolonged exposure to UV, even ambient lab lighting, causes partial oxidation and gradual loss of purity which can’t always be reversed by simple recrystallization. Fine-tuning storage protocols, we migrated all intermediate and final compounds into UV-blocking containers and rotated stocks every few months. As a result, return rates for new orders dropped, and fewer reports came in of batch-to-batch variability. Years of producing and troubleshooting Benzo(K)Fluoranthene taught us that small operational changes—like the way we grind and transfer solids—play a big role in product lifespan and reliability.
High-purity chemical standards must withstand long storage and unpredictable shipping. We learned that regular shipments exposed to summer heat often arrived partially liquefied, setting off a new round of R&D in package redesign. Solid Benzo(K)Fluoranthene doesn’t recover from such stress the way more robust aromatics do. To protect both our brand and our clients’ work, we moved to smaller unit packaging, double-layer containment, and a mandatory shipment log for consistent timelines.
Benzo(K)Fluoranthene represents a group of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that carry well-established health risks. In our plant, operators wear full-face respirators and chemical-resistant gloves. After years in this field, nobody on the production team treats such materials lightly. Reactions run in closed systems, and spent solvents move into dedicated waste lines kept separate from standard organic streams. Spills are rare, but when they happen, strict protocols ensure containment and safe cleanup to minimize exposure risk.
Workers new to the process feel the difference on day one. Unlike handling dyes, flavor chemicals, or simple aromatics, Benzo(K)Fluoranthene operations run with more oversight. Routine air monitoring measures airborne PAH concentrations daily since chronic exposure risk remains a serious concern. All staff receive medical surveillance, which fits our proactive approach—if we spot an uptick in coughs or skin irritation, plant physicians can react before a problem escalates. This vigilance reflects the entire sector’s awareness that workplace health translates directly to the public’s trust in our products.
Making Benzo(K)Fluoranthene isn’t just about chemistry. It’s about responsibility. Waste streams from purification steps never enter public sewers. Instead, separate incineration and high-temperature destruction follow, an extra cost but a necessary one. As a manufacturing team living in the same cities as our plant, we recognize the scrutiny on PAH emissions. Local agencies regularly test our site’s runoff and soil, and we open our records to periodic inspection. In this line of work, transparency benefits both our neighbors and our clients.
Environmental accidents in the chemical sector make national headlines when handled irresponsibly. Every improvement we implement—fewer leaks, tighter inventory controls, updated building filtration—reduces the odds of a mistake. We’ve invested in staff education around hazardous material handling, not for regulatory compliance alone but for the peace of mind that comes from knowing a split drum or an overlooked vent won’t set back years of trust. Community relations officers meet quarterly with neighbors and local officials, giving them a direct window into our safety culture.
Supplying analytical standards such as Benzo(K)Fluoranthene often reveals bottlenecks that outsiders miss. Unexpected increases in demand—often linked to new environmental incidents or revised monitoring guidelines—create pressure to scale up overnight. Unlike with mass market compounds, ramping up Benzo(K)Fluoranthene takes real preparation. Raw material sourcing becomes a challenge. Our procurement team maintains established relationships with upstream suppliers of precursor aromatics, building in redundancy and buffer stock to avoid interruptions. This comes from years of seeing how a single supplier shutdown halfway across the globe can slow down research and regulatory enforcement in our own region.
Forecasting remains imperfect, but ongoing dialogue with environmental agencies and commercial labs helps us anticipate seasonal spikes and topic-driven surges. After forest fire seasons or industrial accidents, laboratories conduct far more tests using these standards. We ramp up upstream purchases and increase batch runs in anticipation, then allocate finished material against predicted regional demand. Instead of overpromising, we focus on reliability—never shipping a lot until full re-qualification passes.
Customers, especially academic and regulatory clients, drive most process improvements. Our R&D team routinely reviews returned product, customer complaints, and technical feedback reports. In one notable example, persistent low yields in external labs conducting photodegradation experiments led us to revisit solvent selection for recrystallization. Changing from toluene to dichloromethane avoided trace thermal degradation during drying, raising supplied material stability under lab UV lighting.
Face-to-face meetings with technical users shape the evolution of packaging, documentation, and customer support. Users shared that excessive packaging slowed down sample retrieval or led to cross-contamination incidents. In response, our team redesigned vials for easier opening and included tamper-evident seals. Regular video conferences and on-site visits provide deeper insight into real-world application, fostering mutual improvement. Both sides see the gains: users save time on sample preparation, and product complaints drop.
As chemical manufacturers, we recognize that customer education does not end at shipping. Labs new to handling PAHs receive detailed guidance on shelf-life, storage, and analytic verification. We share best practices from our own quality control: regular baseline measurements, aliquoting samples under nitrogen, and safe disposal of used containers. Sometimes, this support means walking a customer through troubleshooting a malformed calibration run or investigating unexplained background noise in their analysis. Direct lines of communication reinforce trust and lead to product innovations with lasting impact.
Manufacturing experience brings an appreciation for details that go beyond regulatory checklists. Each successful batch means that research moves forward, regulatory assessments run smoothly, and laboratories maintain confidence in their equipment. Each misstep—whether in raw material handling, purification, or packaging—leads to real-world setbacks: delayed projects, lost data, even misinformed remediation decisions. Over time, excellence is built on the sum of these lessons. We embed practical knowledge into training, process design, and delivery timelines.
For partners who rely on Benzo(K)Fluoranthene, this commitment to continuous improvement yields better outcomes. Their analysts spend less time troubleshooting impurities or adjusting equipment for batch variability. This efficiency matters most in the context of urgent public health studies or legal investigations. We see our product’s impact both in scientific papers and in the actions regulators take after analyzing contaminated sites.
Long-term experience guides innovation. We monitor not only technological advances in synthesis and purification but also shifts in customer needs driven by new analytical techniques or tightening regulatory standards. Internal process audits track every step—from reagent selection to cold-chain packaging—pinpointing areas for improvement with each review. As environmental testing grows more sensitive, our batch acceptance criteria become stricter. Automated analytical verification replaces manual sample selection, adding confidence to every shipment.
We also participate in multi-stakeholder roundtables—bringing together producers, environmental agencies, research labs, and public advocates—to discuss emerging concerns around PAH monitoring and the best ways to support robust, science-based decision-making. Participation in such forums is not just about branding or marketing; direct input into technical standards influences how products like Benzo(K)Fluoranthene are defined and applied.
Years of detailed manufacturing work shape a practical outlook: what matters most is consistency, transparency, and shared commitment to quality. The feedback loop with users, regulators, and communities keeps us grounded and drives improvement. With each order, our team builds on what we’ve learned—avoiding prior mistakes, integrating new technologies, and staying connected to those relying on our expertise.