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Anthracene-9-Carboxylic Acid

    • Product Name Anthracene-9-Carboxylic Acid
    • Alias 9-Anthracenecarboxylic acid
    • Einecs 210-119-8
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
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    Specifications

    HS Code

    629855

    Chemical Name Anthracene-9-Carboxylic Acid
    Cas Number 723-62-6
    Molecular Formula C15H10O2
    Molecular Weight 222.24 g/mol
    Appearance Light yellow to greenish solid
    Melting Point 210-213°C
    Solubility In Water Slightly soluble
    Density 1.390 g/cm³
    Purity Typically ≥98%
    Smiles C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=CC3=CC=CC=C3C2C(=O)O
    Synonyms 9-Anthracenecarboxylic acid, 9-Carboxyanthracene
    Storage Conditions Store at room temperature, keep container tightly closed, protect from light
    Pka 3.62

    As an accredited Anthracene-9-Carboxylic Acid factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing The product is packed in a 25-gram amber glass bottle with a secure screw cap, clearly labeled with chemical details and hazard warnings.
    Shipping Anthracene-9-Carboxylic Acid is shipped in tightly sealed containers to ensure protection from moisture and light. The chemical is labeled according to applicable regulations and transported as a non-hazardous solid, typically at ambient temperature. Proper documentation and packaging are provided to ensure safe handling during transit and compliance with shipping regulations.
    Storage Anthracene-9-Carboxylic Acid should be stored in a tightly sealed container, in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight, moisture, and incompatible substances such as strong oxidizers. It should be kept at room temperature, and protected from physical damage. Proper labeling and secure storage are essential to prevent accidental exposure or spills.
    Application of Anthracene-9-Carboxylic Acid

    Applications of Anthracene-9-Carboxylic Acid in Industrial Manufacturing

    Anthracene-9-carboxylic acid supports multiple core applications across the specialty chemicals, dye intermediates, pharmaceutical synthesis, and optoelectronic materials sectors. As a direct chemical manufacturer, we provide this raw material in consistent quality grades, addressing complex formulation, compliance, and downstream integration demands in industrial-scale environments.

    1. Dye Intermediate Synthesis for Disperse and Vat Dyes

    Anthracene-9-carboxylic acid serves as a key ring-structured intermediate in the synthesis of anthraquinone-based disperse and vat dyes, used extensively for polyester, nylon, and cellulosic fabrics. The acid functions as a precursor for carboxyl substitution and subsequent cyclization processes. Textile-grade dye manufacturers utilize its reactivity in sulfonation or halogenation steps before further downstream refinement. Its chemical purity influences final dye chromatic properties, migration capability, and fastness under industrial dyeing conditions.

    Industry compliance standards

    • OEKO-TEX® Standard 100 (chemical content restriction in finished dyes)
    • REACH Annex XVII (restrictions for aromatic compounds in dye intermediates)
    • ZDHC MRT (Zero Discharge of Hazardous Chemicals Manufacturing Restricted Substances List)
    • ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management System

    Typical usage ratio

    • 10–30% relative to total dyestuff precursor batch weight; precise proportion depends on desired dye shade and application base

    Downstream process integration

    • Pre-reacted in fusion or alkali melt step during anthraquinone skeleton extension
    • Participates directly prior to sulfonation or halogenation and subsequent coupling reactions
    • Quality-control checkpoints for purity and trace impurity analysis before final chromatographic dye separation

    Final product types

    • Disperse Blue, Violet, and Red dyes for synthetic fibers
    • Vat dyes for cellulosic fiber coloration
    • Anthraquinone mono- and di-sulfonate derivatives

    2. Organic Semiconductor and Optoelectronic Material Precursor

    In the optoelectronic industry, anthracene-9-carboxylic acid provides a core building block for the synthesis of organic semiconductors, especially polycyclic aromatic compounds utilized in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Material engineers use its high structural rigidity and electronic conjugation to increase carrier mobility and light-emission efficiency. The controlled integration of carboxyl groups supports subsequent esterification or amidation, required for stable thin-film formation in device manufacturing.

    Industry compliance standards

    • IEC 62341-5-1 (OLED display performance and reliability requirements)
    • RoHS Directive (2011/65/EU) for hazardous substance limits
    • IPC-4101 D (Specification for base materials in electronics)
    • ISO 14001:2015 Environmental Management

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.5–3.0% w/w in organic semiconductor layer formulations, adjusted for emission color and thin-film morphology

    Downstream process integration

    • Subjected to esterification or amidation before solution processing (spin-coating or vapor deposition)
    • Integrated into co-polymerization reactions for active OLED or OFET layers
    • Purified by gradient sublimation or chromatography prior to deposition

    Final product types

    • OLED display panels and lighting modules
    • OFET active layers for printed electronics
    • Poly(anthracene-9-carboxylic acid) co-polymer derivatives

    3. Pharmaceutical Intermediate for Anticancer and Antibacterial Molecules

    Anthracene-9-carboxylic acid functions as an essential pharmaceutical intermediate for the production of anthracycline drug candidates and other polyaromatic drug molecules with antitumor and antimicrobial bioactivity. Medicinal chemists employ its rigid polycyclic structure for core modifications, often applying Friedel–Crafts or Suzuki coupling to build complex scaffolds. Trace-level byproducts and residual impurities are tightly monitored to support API development and regulated manufacturing scale-up, especially under GMP-controlled conditions required by major pharma end users.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ICH Q7 (GMP for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients)
    • Ph. Eur. 11th edition (European Pharmacopoeia, purity profiles for intermediates)
    • US FDA 21 CFR Part 211 (cGMP regulations)
    • ISO 13485 for medical device-related APIs

    Typical usage ratio

    • 5–25% of total input weight in initial condensation or cyclization steps; exact ratio specified per synthetic route and molecular target

    Downstream process integration

    • Introduced at early-stage scaffold formation in multi-step drug syntheses
    • Engages in aromatic substitution, condensation, or metal-catalyzed coupling
    • Accompanied by continuous in-process QC for purity, polymorph distribution, and heavy metal content

    Final product types

    • Research-scale anthracycline anticancer intermediates
    • Synthetic antibacterial compounds for pharmaceutical pipelines
    • Advanced intermediate salts for finished API manufacturing

    4. Fluorescent Tracer and Photoluminescent Marker Production

    The material’s extended π-conjugation supports its use as a precursor in synthesizing fluorescent tracers and photoluminescent markers for fluid flow diagnostics, security inks, and advanced optical sensors. Chemical engineers deploy functionalized derivatives generated from the acid for incorporation into complex marker molecules, which must maintain high emission intensity and stability under varied environmental conditions. Purity and batch-to-batch uniformity determine emission stability and limit interference in detection systems.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ASTM E2412 (Standard Practice for Fluorescent Penetrant Testing)
    • EN 71-3 (Safety of toys—migration of certain elements in photoluminescent toys and inks)
    • REACH SVHC compliance for optical marker ingredients
    • ISO/IEC 17025 Laboratory Management for analytical QC

    Typical usage ratio

    • 1–8% as precursor concentration in photoluminescent agent synthesis protocols, tailored to intensity and wavelength requirements

    Downstream process integration

    • Reacted with amine or halide functional groups in step-growth synthesis
    • Directly coupled to dyes or matrix polymers for binder stabilization
    • Subject to HPLC or fluorescence spectroscopy QC immediately after reaction

    Final product types

    • Fluorescent tracers for hydrological and industrial flow testing
    • Optical security markers for anti-counterfeiting applications
    • Emission-tuned photoluminescent inks and coatings

    5. Charge Carrier Blocker Additive in Electrochemical Devices

    Anthracene-9-carboxylic acid provides selective charge-blocking properties when integrated into advanced electrochemical devices, including ion-selective electrodes and redox flow batteries. Process engineers incorporate this compound as a functional additive to stabilize charge carrier movement and optimize electron transport across interfaces. Synthesis and formulation parameters require precise molecular concentration control to mitigate electrochemical side reactions, while final product cleanroom compatibility often necessitates additional purification.

    Industry compliance standards

    • IEC 60601 (Electrical safety in medical electrochemical devices)
    • ISO 10993 (Biological evaluation for materials in diagnostic electrodes)
    • UL 1973 (Safety standard for batteries in stationary applications)
    • ISO/TS 16949 for quality control in automotive battery sector

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.1–2.0% as an additive in electrode layer or electrolyte mixture, based on tested charge mobility targets

    Downstream process integration

    • Blended during electrode slurry preparation or dissolved into inert electrolyte matrices
    • Pre-purified to electronic grade for cleanroom compatibility
    • Integrated prior to coating, drying, and assembly steps in device manufacturing

    Final product types

    • Ion-selective electrodes for laboratory and medical applications
    • Redox flow battery membranes for grid energy storage
    • Electrochemical diagnostic sensors and test strips
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    Introducing Anthracene-9-Carboxylic Acid: Practical Insights from the Factory Floor

    Understanding Our Product: True Quality Starts with the Right Chemistry

    We approach each batch of Anthracene-9-Carboxylic Acid with a hands-on mindset shaped by years of real production experience. The compound, with the molecular formula C15H10O2, has earned its place in research and industry because of a distinct set of characteristics and steady demand in synthesis and analysis circles. Manufactured consistently to meet the 99% purity benchmark, our product comes as a fine pale-yellow to light tan powder, tested directly at source rather than a third-party packhouse. The granular detail in quality control at every step allows us to manage moisture content, particle size, and appearance more tightly—attributes researchers and formulation teams rely on to avoid setbacks in trials and pilot projects.

    Raw Inputs and the Making of Anthracene-9-Carboxylic Acid

    Real value in Anthracene-9-Carboxylic Acid starts upstream, with raw anthracene pulled from select coal-tar sources before careful oxidation and precise carboxylation. Batch consistency comes from direct control over solvent ratios, pressure, and temperature during preparation. Our longtime operators watch for subtle changes in viscosity and color in reaction mixtures, and small deviations from expected results trigger detailed troubleshooting. We rely less on machine readouts and more on the observational know-how built up over years—reactor scale, agitation speed, filtration order—a dozen process tweaks shape the reliable material that leaves our site.

    Testing Beyond the Lab Sheet: Batch-to-Batch Reliability

    In the chemical industry, nothing frustrates a customer more than unreliable quality. Whether the product ends up in pharmaceutical precursors, as a charge carrier in organic electronics, or as a research chemical, predictable behavior makes or breaks a project timeline. Direct feedback from end-users shapes how we run our post-synthesis purification steps. After each run, staff at the plant test for contaminants typical of the manufacturing environment, including common anthracene isomers and organic sulfur residues. Tanks and lines receive regular cleaning in response to actual production issues, not a fixed calendar. Each drum and bag receives its unique batch report—chemists seeking traceability know this detail, factory managers appreciate full disclosure.

    Meeting Research Demands: Applications and Experience

    Customers from R&D teams in electronics and pharmaceuticals often require Anthracene-9-Carboxylic Acid at various scales—ranging from gram samples to large-barrel orders. The acid’s planar structure and conjugation support its use as a building block for organic semiconductors, especially in the fabrication of organic field-effect transistors and light-emitting diodes. Based on conversations with university labs, the carboxyl group at the 9-position is favored for introducing targeted functionality onto the anthracene core—without blocking key aromatic centers needed for charge mobility. Production methods designed here purposely avoid harsh chlorinated solvents to keep residual contamination low, solving a problem that plagued earlier manufacturing attempts elsewhere.

    Researchers preparing new dyes or fluorescence markers also look to anthracene-9-carboxylic acid as an intermediate—it bolts onto more complex frameworks without excessive byproduct formation. We have observed, in directly supported collaborations, that our customers in analytical chemistry find this compound useful as a reference material for spectroscopic calibration, owing to its robust absorbance in the UV-visible range. Dialogue with downstream users saved us from scaling up less relevant grades; their needs shape our lots, not the other way around.

    Tangible Value Versus Other Anthracene Derivatives

    Choosing anthracene-based products comes down to the right functional group in the right place. For example, anthracene-9-carboxylic acid diverges sharply from substitutes such as anthracene-2-carboxylic acid or anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid. Placement of the carboxyl on the 9-position allows more efficient coupling reactions, giving synthetic chemists a reliable handle for attachment under milder conditions. Some customers seek anthracene-9-sulfonic acid, hoping for similar properties, yet soon notice the increased hydrophilicity and altered stacking that disrupt their molecular assemblies. Our acid’s lower solubility in water fits applications where controlled precipitation or microcrystal formation is valuable; more hydrophilic derivatives introduce handling headaches in those cases.

    From a manufacturer’s standpoint, quality shifts with isomeric changes are not minor: anthracene-1-carboxylic acid, for instance, involves differing purification challenges, more side reactions, and different color impurities. Working with oxidized anthracene further complicates things, as additional chromophores affect both analytical readings and product behavior in downstream reactions. Our strength lies in maintaining the structural and purity requirements chemists expect for the 9-position acid—our equipment, methods, and staff training have adapted over the years to optimize yield and minimize unexpected byproduct.

    Eliminating Customer Headaches: Practical Guidance from Production

    We understand—troubleshooting a synthetic route wastes time, money, and team morale. In practice, contamination with anthrone or dibenzanthracene ruins entire batches in sensitive photophysical applications, wasting both material and researcher effort. We share our observations about storage as well: anthracene-9-carboxylic acid resists rapid degradation, but in high-humidity conditions, gradual clumping can occur, undermining weighing accuracy and handling. We bag all shipments in thick, low-permeability liners, based on lessons learned from earlier smaller packaging prone to absorbing atmospheric moisture. We advocate storing material below 25°C and away from direct UV to protect stability—practices born from watching physical changes firsthand.

    Shipping expertise also matters. From a practical angle, improper palletizing or inadequate cushioning invites caking and product loss. Years of direct customer feedback about unusable product caused by transport jostling have driven us to upgrade container lining, incorporate vibration-dampening material, and refine crate sizes. Shipment photos on arrival, which we request from partners, help us refine the process after every issue. Not every manufacturer adjusts these details with hands-on attention, but repeated mistakes hit customers and build reputational risk. We gave up shrink wrapping that led to short-lived “dry box” storage success in favor of truly impermeable liners—real feedback leading to practical improvement.

    Shaping the Market: Listening and Adapting to Real-World Demands

    Cost pressure remains real for both small labs and large producers. Shaving pennies off a kilo might feel like a win at first, but inconsistent product causes more overtime and failed runs than a stable supply ever will. Some years back, a customer operating on a tight grant budget tried sourcing “off-brand” material from a distant market. Once test runs repeatedly failed due to an off-color slurry, hours of root-cause analysis pointed squarely to junk-grade feedstock—impurities invisible to the naked eye but disastrous in photochemical experiments. They came to us next, giving up on risky supply to regain reliability. Maintaining traceability and batch repeatability means controlling the process under a single roof, not shopping chemical drums on the open market.

    Labs constantly ask whether we can tailor grade, particle size, or packaging. Our answer depends on scale and true manufacturing feasibility, not just “what the market wants.” This honesty avoids overpromising, underdelivering, or accepting orders destined for disappointment. For annual contracts, we run real stability studies and adjust production volume or scheduling based on customer cycle timing. Some partners require certification for RoHS, REACH, or other local standards before accepting shipments. We work directly with their compliance staff—not through a series of brokers—to clarify analytical methods and provide authentic documentation, moving along issues like heavy metal content, trace solvents, or PAH levels as requested.

    Environmental Responsibility and Traceability

    Chemical manufacturing faces mounting regulatory and public oversight, which we treat as a minimum requirement, not a challenge to circumvent. We have invested in closed-loop solvent recovery systems to reduce overall resource use and minimize environmental discharge from anthracene carboxylation. Monitoring air and water emissions protects both our workers and neighbors—wastewater gets treated onsite, not sent downstream, and solvents see recovery rates above 90%. Direct measurement beats regulatory assumption: emissions get logged daily, and each deviation means real people troubleshooting, not kicking the problem down the road. Third-party environmental audits occasionally reveal minor issues, which we discuss frankly with stakeholders and address with process changes.

    Traceability for all product leaving our plant connects back to raw material purchases, not just finished-goods inventory. Auditors can visit any time and pick a batch—documenting where it was sourced, when it was produced, and who oversaw its loading. No papering over weak links in the chain. Experience tells us this approach pays off, especially as customers now increasingly demand proof for public or shareholder-facing sustainability reports.

    Listening to End Users Beyond the Laboratory

    Years on the manufacturing side have taught us that real feedback rarely comes through surveys or corporate email chains. “This batch stained my glassware” or “this won’t dissolve as fast as the last order”—these observations matter as much as any spec sheet. We log every complaint and directly discuss persistent issues with R&D and process development chemists. Sometimes it’s a change in the way a partner’s team stores chemicals; other times, our drying profile needed a tweak, or a filter was past its real-world lifespan. This cycle of listening—and sending technical support staff onsite where needed—keeps our anthracene-9-carboxylic acid on the approved vendor lists of demanding buyers.

    We have observed product being used successfully in hydrothermal synthesis of advanced organic compounds, acting as a key intermediate in the attachment of bio-conjugates. End-users frequently comment on the reproducibility of their crystallization results. We see these successes as validation of our process, not mere luck. Collaboration with scientists working toward more robust optoelectronic devices has enabled us to tweak purification steps for greater batch-scale homogeneity; high-throughput feedback provided the real metric for revision, not just quality-system audits.

    Handling and Safety: Day-to-Day Practices

    We train onsite staff to handle Anthracene-9-Carboxylic Acid with gloves and eye protection, not merely for compliance but through respect for its mild irritancy risk. Operators recall minor skin and respiratory irritation in earlier years before we updated dust extraction at process points—practical lessons rarely captured in supplier brochures. Packing processes now keep dust generation near zero, sparing downstream users from inconvenience and minimizing risk. We encourage labs to exhaust product weighing under fume hood conditions based directly on operator experience.

    In the rare event of spillage, dry cleanup with careful bagging prevents unnecessary solvent use, avoids spread, and minimizes exposure. These guidelines move beyond the basic “handle with care” slogans of catalog offerings. Steps like these matter just as much for a kilo lot shipped by air as a multi-ton order delivered by container.

    Comparing Product Experience: Not All Sources Are Created Equal

    We regularly benchmark our product against material supplied by other primary manufacturers at trade shows and in joint projects. An R&D team once alerted us to variable melting points and discoloration in comparative analysis—we traced the source to storage conditions and delayed logistics that trapped product in tropical climates. After that, we beefed up insulation packaging and ran extended shelf-life studies. In another case, a customer reported success with a cheaper grade—until a batch failed to pass photopurity tests, leading to recalls. These events reinforced our approach: clear batch records, dialogue with real users, and never cutting corners on purification—huge factors in maintaining both customer trust and regulatory compliance.

    Major pharma and advanced materials research labs especially appreciate this reliability. Custom pack sizes, deviation reports, and single-batch shipment options emerged in response to honest, usually frank, partner requests. Word gets around in the small world of specialist organic chemicals—a poor-quality batch circulates as fast as a strong endorsement, and those living the day-to-day impact decide where next year’s supply contracts land.

    No Substitute for Experience Earned on the Line

    Many in this sector underestimate the skill and adaptation that goes into producing consistent Anthracene-9-Carboxylic Acid. Continuous staff training, reinvestment in lab testing and process control—these make the difference, not just corporate claims of quality. Each reaction run here benefits from experienced eyes: seasoned operators catch the little signs—slight color drift, subtle odor differences, drying time changes—that no automated protocol yet senses well enough. Customers calling with technical questions speak directly to staff who have actually witnessed the process, rather than being handed off to script-readers with no lab or factory experience.

    Competing with one-size-fits-all chemical suppliers, we stick to first-principles manufacturing. Rather than chase every new trend, we refine existing processes based on what shifting customer requirements genuinely require. As supply chains tighten worldwide, dodging future headaches means sticking with trusted sources, direct feedback, and eyes on the process itself. That learning, shared across teams, stands behind each drum and small bottle of anthracene-9-carboxylic acid that ships out the door.

    Final Thoughts from the Production Floor

    Anthracene-9-Carboxylic Acid anchors itself in advanced synthesis and practical lab work, offering unique handling benefits and reliable performance based on direct manufacturer oversight. Walking the production floor daily gives us a practical edge—catching issues before they leave the site, responding fast to shifting application needs, and maintaining those relationships built over repeated, transparent supply cycles. That’s the real-world foundation for quality and safety. By grounding our process in experience, feedback, and a refusal to cut corners, our team meets the toughest demands researchers and developers bring to the table.