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HS Code |
548297 |
| Cas Number | 39512-49-7 |
| Molecular Formula | C11H13N3 |
| Molecular Weight | 187.24 |
| Iupac Name | 4-(piperazin-1-yl)benzonitrile |
| Appearance | White to off-white solid |
| Melting Point | 104-106°C |
| Boiling Point | 374.4°C at 760 mmHg |
| Density | 1.14 g/cm3 |
| Solubility In Water | Moderate |
| Flash Point | 180.3°C |
| Smiles | C1CN(CCN1)C2=CC=C(C=C2)C#N |
| Inchi | InChI=1S/C11H13N3/c12-9-10-1-3-11(4-2-10)14-7-5-13-6-8-14/h1-4,13H,5-8H2 |
As an accredited 4-Piperazinobenzonitrile factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | A 25-gram amber glass bottle with a secure screw cap, clearly labeled: 4-Piperazinobenzonitrile, chemical formula, and safety warnings. |
| Shipping | 4-Piperazinobenzonitrile is shipped in tightly sealed containers to prevent moisture and air exposure. It is typically transported as a solid under ambient conditions, following standard protocols for non-hazardous chemicals. Proper labeling, cushioning, and documentation are ensured, with storage away from incompatible substances during transit to maintain product stability and safety. |
| Storage | 4-Piperazinobenzonitrile should be stored in a tightly closed container, in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from heat and incompatible substances such as strong oxidizers. Keep it away from moisture and direct sunlight. Label containers clearly and handle using appropriate personal protective equipment. Ensure storage conditions comply with local safety regulations and guidelines for handling organic chemicals. |
Applications of 4-Piperazinobenzonitrile in Industrial ManufacturingAs a direct manufacturer of 4-Piperazinobenzonitrile, we deliver this specialty intermediate for precise roles in advanced chemical synthesis. Our production and supply support manufacturers operating in multiple sectors, each governed by stringent compliance standards and highly specific process integration needs. 1. Pharmaceutical API Intermediates: Antipsychotic Agent SynthesisPharmaceutical companies apply 4-Piperazinobenzonitrile as a key amine-bearing intermediate in multi-step synthesis routes for second and third generation antipsychotic active ingredients, including certain quetiapine analogues. Its incorporation supports the formation of complex heterocycles through controlled nucleophilic substitution or cyclization reactions, accommodating route-specific impurity control strategies for regulatory submissions. The intermediate phase occurs after initial condensation and before final deprotection and purification steps in GMP environments. Industry compliance standards
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2. Advanced Agrochemical Active Intermediate ProductionMajor agrochemical firms select 4-Piperazinobenzonitrile for constructing nitrogen-rich scaffolds in the multi-step synthesis of specific active pesticide or herbicide molecules. The nitrile moiety allows for subsequent transformation via reduction, hydrolysis, or amination to create selective target-site inhibitors, and the piperazine ring supports regulatory-compliant toxicological profiles. This integration occurs during mid-stream phases following primary chlorination and before esterification or terminal side-chain modification. Industry compliance standards
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3. Specialty Chemical Synthesis: Benzonitrile-Based Heterocyclic Building BlocksProducers of custom fine chemicals employ 4-Piperazinobenzonitrile as a core starting reagent for constructing functionalized heterocycles, including intermediates for diagnostic dyes and specialty polymers. The compound’s nitrile functionality enables cycloaddition, amidation, and further derivatization, supporting chemoselective syntheses that require stringent control over side-reactions and reproducibility. The material is typically fed into the process after initial halide substitution and preceding ring closure or functional group elaboration steps. Industry compliance standards
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4. API Intermediate in Oncology Drug ManufacturingInnovative oncology drug manufacturers utilize 4-Piperazinobenzonitrile as a privileged intermediate in the synthesis of certain kinase inhibitors, where precise functional group placement and high-purity heterocycle frameworks are needed for regulatory compliance and clinical safety. The compound enters reaction schemes between core scaffold assembly and late-stage side-chain installation, often enabling formation of crucial binding motifs for active pharmaceutical candidates. Industry compliance standards
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In our daily work as a chemical manufacturer, 4-piperazinobenzonitrile stands out for its role in both research and finished products. Many in pharmaceutical and specialty chemical fields start their synthetic routes with this compound. Over the years, we have refined our production line to offer a product that brings clean, reproducible results, minimizing the sort of batch-to-batch variation that wastes precious raw materials and throws lab schedules off-track.
We label our core product as Model PBZ-1206. Our technical people guided this model’s creation by focusing on the unique reactions and downstream transformations we saw researchers and manufacturers using. The purity often checks above 99 percent by HPLC; routine GC on random batches keeps us aware of volatile impurities. Particle sizing typically ranges from 60 microns to 150 microns for the standard-grade PBZ-1206, striking a balance between quick dissolution and ease of handling. For partners scaling work to kilogram requirements or tens-of-kilograms, we supply in sealed fiber drums or lined polyethylene bags, all packed within our own facility.
Process chemistry always throws up challenges. Some of our earliest 4-piperazinobenzonitrile runs showed levels of residual piperazine above project targets. The fix took in-plant trial and error, adjusting the final aqueous workup, then tweaking recrystallization methods. Now our specification sits at less than 0.15% w/w unreacted piperazine. Our QC team doesn’t just ‘spot check’—they run full panel impurity testing for each new run. Over the years, our attention to these details has kept scale-up failures almost nonexistent for our clients, saving weeks of repeated analysis and wasted effort.
We experienced one key learning five years ago: ambient humidity in the work-up area can swing the physical feel of the compound. One hot, wet summer, bulk product clumped together in transit, making subsampling a headache for analysts. Since then, our drying and packaging conditions run with monitored humidity, keeping the crystalline powder flowing evenly and eliminating off-spec lumps. No one wants to explain to a regulatory inspector why a simple product doesn’t pour or weigh properly; neither do we.
Pharmaceutical projects drive much of the interest. This building block goes into synthetic schemes for psychoactive agents, enzyme inhibitors, and psychoanaleptic intermediates. In development programs using benzonitrile moieties, 4-piperazinobenzonitrile lets chemists install both a piperazine group and an activating nitrile in a single step, which streamlines the synthesis and gives more control over yields. Anecdotally, several of our long-term clients return to this product because they know the side products and trace contaminants remain consistent from our plant. That means their final analytical work and regulatory submissions move without unwelcome delays.
Some teams using high-throughput screening rely on hundreds of building blocks to be interchangeable on short notice. We deliver 4-piperazinobenzonitrile in lots from 5 kilograms to several hundred, letting screening teams maintain their testing queues without supply interruptions. For combinatorial libraries, every day lost to a failed reaction echoes down the timeline. We have scaled up orders to meet demands that arrive with less than a week’s notice, and our local inventory buffer kept many project managers on schedule during unexpected surges in project activity.
In polymer modification and specialty surface-making, chemists often seek amine and nitrile functional groups to anchor further modifications or grant surface reactivity. Our customers use 4-piperazinobenzonitrile to tailor polymers for binding assays, or to introduce basic sites for ion exchange experiments. Because our powder has predictable wettability and bulk density, scale-up runs proceed with solid control, and cross-contamination between polymer batches is at real-world minimums.
We have worked closely with industrial clients trying to cut the number of synthetic steps and reduce the energy required for intermediate isolation. 4-piperazinobenzonitrile answers that demand by supporting room-temperature reactions, and lending itself to direct amide formation, Suzuki couplings, and nucleophilic substitutions. Several process chemists have called us out for helping them shorten reaction times, both cutting their energy bills and bringing schedules in line. These aren’t theoretical promises—they show up as hard data when teams share their pilot-run figures with us, and we keep those conversations rolling to shape the next round of plant improvements.
Experience teaches that purity looks similar on a certificate, but actual practicability comes from trace-level attention and tailored protocols. For 4-piperazinobenzonitrile, we use a proprietary work-up and drying step that limits the moisture to 0.04 percent mass, as checked by Karl Fischer titration. Labs working towards API intermediates count on this stability for their analytical and scale-up requirements. While competing products sometimes take on moisture or retain trace solvents from lower-temperature drying, our managed process offers a physical product that stores safely for over a year under recommended storage.
The journey from 4-fluorobenzonitrile to the final compound includes several potential side-track reactions—over-alkylation, isomer formation, or hydrolysis in the final step. Our approach runs with tight controls in a clean, solvent-recovered stream, so the final product shows less than 0.05% isomeric byproducts by HPLC and NMR scan. This degree of specificity turns into practical savings for customers, as they spend less effort on in-house purification or loss to nonproductive material.
Over the years, our plant engineers stepped up to automate sampling and HPLC integration at each key stage. They recalibrated lines to reduce the chance of cross-contamination with other benzonitrile-grade intermediates. Some other offerings on the market operate in older multipurpose plants, inviting risk with shared equipment. By investing in a steady clean-in-place system and strict scheduling, our batches turn out with lower than 15 ppm total organic residues from previous products—an important benchmark for downstream pharmaceutical and regulatory review.
The people using this product expect freedom from particles large enough to block lines or damage glassware. To meet this, we run PSD (particle size distribution) analyses against every major batch, and keep the D90 value (90% below a certain size) consistently under 140 microns. The handling and safety data show up similarly stable, which matters for every receiver further down the chain.
On the user side, the difference lies in practical cleaning and easy solvent exchange before key synthetic steps. Several process teams switching supply have given us feedback about increased yield and smoother filtrations versus competitor lots, sometimes leading to fewer catalyst poisonings or repeat reactions. Such small changes, repeated over months, end up saving time, cutting costs, and reducing waste.
Sustainability earns increasing attention in chemical manufacturing today. For our 4-piperazinobenzonitrile process, solvent recovery takes top priority. The most common solvent, DMF, poses known risks to health and disposal management if handled without care. Years back, we built a closed-loop recovery line, recycling more than 92% of the DMF for each batch, lowering waste to below 8 liters per metric ton of product. Education and consistent reminders for our actual operators on the importance of leak checks and separator maintenance keep this number real. Regular third-party audits verify these figures.
The generation of aqueous waste containing trace organic content, a key challenge with aromatic nitrile syntheses, sparked a change to advanced membrane-based filtration at our site. Where older sites discharge higher TOC (total organic carbon) in their effluent, our system consistently maintains figures under 25 mg/L. For downstream chemical producers and end users with ISO 14001 environmental management, this track record helps preserve their environmental standing and license renewals.
Plant energy optimization remains a gradual process. We run our drying stages at controlled low temperatures, taking advantage of recent upgrades to solar-powered dehumidification modules. These changes produced measurable drops in overall energy usage for this product line, an effort tracked as part of both our internal environmental targets and requests from end users developing green chemistry routes.
On packaging, the push away from single-use plastics started years ago. As a result, our PBZ-1206 comes in high-density, multi-use fiber drums with liner recycling programs available to all major contract clients. These measures, worked out across client feedback and logistics constraints, keep both product safety and environmental load in mind.
Direct conversations with those who use our products, from chemists in university pilot plants to full-scale industrial clients, influence every improvement we introduce. Several medicinal chemistry groups flagged buffer incompatibilities with certain grades of 4-piperazinobenzonitrile in the late-phase drug candidate work. Their feedback brought about changes in our final rinse protocol, switching from basic to mildly acidic washes to give a more neutral pH and reduce the risk of buffer precipitation.
Past years also brought clear market shifts in preferred specifications. Projects once managed with 98% purity now request over 99.5%, as both analytical methods and regulatory demands become more unforgiving. Large-scale customers in particular ask for trace-level metal analysis, especially palladium and platinum, due to the use of cross-coupling catalysts in related synthetic steps. Our latest runs include standard ICP-MS panels, keeping typical results below 0.9 ppm for these elements, supporting downstream compliance for even the most sensitive projects.
Documents and certificates sometimes obscure the small but crucial differences that real users value. It is the feedback loop between the end users and our hands-on process team—their questions about solubility, color, melting point, and reactivity—that shape our improvements. In cases where a client’s application demanded modified particle sizes or bespoke packaging, our in-house flexibility met the request directly, without passing through middlemen or third-party packers. This direct connection between floor operator and end user guarantees the product version fits the need, whether for lab, kilo-lab, or production quantities.
Several case studies from our technical support desk give insight into the practical effects of quality control at the synthesis source. In a recent multi-site project for an antipsychotic intermediate, two independent teams running Suzuki-Miyaura couplings reported higher isolated yields and less catalyst deactivation using PBZ-1206. Comparing chromatograms revealed a lower incidence of unidentified peaks—a result linked back to our low-solvent and moisture baseline.
In the specialty chemicals sector, one large-scale user replacing a competitor’s batch with ours observed improved homogeneity during polymer dissolution. The smoother mixing and reduced particulates prevented extensive downtime in filtration and reduced product loss during process transfer. Over a twelve-month period, their logs tracked a 7% reduction in cycle time and 12% reduction in total material waste, giving a solid bottom-line benefit.
Even in academic settings, researchers reference our compounds for benchmark protocols. A group working on nitrile-derived macrocycles used our 4-piperazinobenzonitrile as a stable base molecule, citing the lack of interfering late-eluting peaks in their HPLC traces. Consistency in one material multiplies across dozens of experiments, allowing research groups to focus on innovation instead of troubleshooting unexpected impurities or unknown variabilities.
We have learned from supporting hundreds of different projects that documentation and data traceability matter just as much as purity or handling. Each lot leaves our site with a clear analytical backup, full details on impurity levels, residual solvents, and the precise dating of blending and packing steps. This direct record means our users don’t waste time with extra sampling or submission queries, further streamlining their work. Auditors and regulatory inspectors consistently comment on the clarity of our batch records, which builds confidence at critical review stages.
Our technical support staff—experienced chemists rather than call center operatives—work directly with users to share knowledge, troubleshoot chiral separations, or explain the practical limitations of certain use-cases. Real-world experience over years in the field shapes these conversations, providing practical advice about storage, temperature limits, and the rare but potential chemical incompatibilities that come with benzonitrile handling.
Supply problems can upend production plans or set back research milestones. By carrying buffer stock on hand and aligning our scheduling with predicted seasonal or market upticks, we keep availability stable for both contract clients and new buyers. Integrated systems for order tracking and inventory give accurate updates, so project managers know exactly how long it will take for their material to ship.
Peak periods—largely driven by major pharmaceutical or agricultural projects—never leave users empty-handed. We continually adjust batch size and coordination with logistics partners to minimize delays from customs or external events. Our staff monitors global trends to adapt quickly in case of changing regulations or market access rules. Where sudden spikes in global demand caused shortages for some benzene-derived intermediates, our foresight and stocking decisions protected regular buyers from project delays.
Building 4-piperazinobenzonitrile isn’t just a matter of chemical reaction; it requires commitment to every step, from the first drum of raw material to the last package that leaves the warehouse. Over the years, transparency, technical engagement, and honest handling of problems have forged stronger partnerships with nearly every client we serve. We do not believe in over-promising; instead, we share precise laboratory findings, expected lead times, and realistic advice about material handling on demand.
Our process team remains reachable even after product delivery, whether it’s troubleshooting a filter clog, addressing an unusual analytical query, or working with customer labs to identify the optimal storage conditions for their workflow. It is this blend of better process, prompt responsiveness, and respect for the real-world demands of users that keeps our PBZ-1206 variant of 4-piperazinobenzonitrile on the top of recommended lists across many companies and research groups.
We have confidence in our approach because we’ve seen the difference, batch after batch, on actual production floors. From year to year, our improvements stack up, never standing still but adapting to new insights, tighter standards, and the ever-evolving landscape of synthetic chemistry. The product moves forward, shaped by the hands of those who work it—ours and yours alike.