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4-Chloroindole

    • Product Name 4-Chloroindole
    • Alias 4-Chloro-1H-indole
    • Einecs 207-716-7
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
    VTB
    Specifications

    HS Code

    280316

    Name 4-Chloroindole
    Cas Number 491-36-1
    Molecular Formula C8H6ClN
    Molecular Weight 151.59 g/mol
    Appearance Off-white to light brown crystalline powder
    Melting Point 84-87°C
    Boiling Point 317°C (estimated)
    Purity Typically ≥98%
    Density 1.29 g/cm³ (estimated)
    Solubility Slightly soluble in water, soluble in organic solvents (e.g., ethanol, DMSO)
    Synonyms 4-Chloro-1H-indole
    Smiles Clc1cccc2[nH]ccc12
    Inchi InChI=1S/C8H6ClN/c9-6-1-2-7-8(5-6)3-4-10-7/h1-5,10H

    As an accredited 4-Chloroindole factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing Amber glass bottle containing 25 grams of 4-Chloroindole, sealed with a screw cap and labeled with safety and identification information.
    Shipping 4-Chloroindole is shipped in tightly sealed containers to prevent moisture or contamination, typically under ambient or cool conditions. All packaging complies with chemical safety regulations, including labeling and MSDS documentation. It is transported as a hazardous material, with appropriate handling measures and documentation to ensure safe and compliant delivery.
    Storage 4-Chloroindole should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from sources of ignition and incompatible substances such as strong oxidizers. Keep the container tightly closed and protected from light and moisture. Use appropriate chemical-resistant containers and clearly label them. Always ensure good laboratory practices and consult the material safety data sheet (MSDS) for additional storage guidelines.
    Application of 4-Chloroindole

    Applications of 4-Chloroindole in Industrial Manufacturing

    4-Chloroindole serves as a specialized intermediate in advanced pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and materials synthesis. As the original manufacturer, we support these sectors with consistent quality, process guidance, and compliance documentation matched to current industry practice.

    1. Pharmaceutical Active Ingredient Synthesis

    Many drug synthesis processes use 4-Chloroindole as a critical building block, especially for heterocyclic drug candidates and advanced intermediates. Medicinal chemistry teams apply it in structure-activity optimization for oncology and CNS pharmaceuticals, using it to insert chlorinated indole motifs that affect receptor binding affinity and metabolic stability. It enters production during the early to mid-stages, forming core scaffolds under Pd-catalyzed coupling or nucleophilic aromatic substitution, followed by downstream derivatization, protecting group management, and purification steps. Developers adjust the charge level to balance reaction speed and impurity minimization per batch demands.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ICH Q7 Good Manufacturing Practice Guide for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
    • USP, EP, JP monographs as applicable for intermediates
    • 21 CFR Part 211 for process controls and documentation
    • General European REACH registration for chemical intermediates

    Typical usage ratio

    • Range: 0.5–1.2 molar equivalents vs. primary reactant
    • Verification by HPLC or GC relative substance profile adjustment
    • Ratio refined per process route for yield vs. by-product formation
    • Small molecule chemistry scale: 20–200 kg per batch

    Downstream process integration

    • Introduced into cyclization or coupling step as indole scaffold
    • Used under inert atmosphere in jacketed glass reactors
    • Subsequent steps: halogen exchange, side chain installation, deprotection
    • Feeds into continuous or batch crystallization for intermediate isolation

    Final product types

    • Clinical-stage and commercial drug substance intermediates
    • Small-molecule kinase inhibitors
    • Serotonin and melatonin analogues
    • Research novel chemical entities (NCEs)

    2. Agrochemical Active Ingredient Development

    Crop protection formulators utilize 4-Chloroindole as a core intermediate for synthesis of selective fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides based on indole or oxindole frameworks. It allows for tight control of structure-activity relationships during screening and scale-up. Processing lines include nucleophilic substitution, heterocycle formation, and chlorination, guiding reactivity and final backbone accessibility. QA requirements call for trace-level halogen residue monitoring and impurity profile mapping to meet global regulatory submissions.

    Industry compliance standards

    • OECD Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) for regulatory studies
    • FAO & WHO specifications (JMPR/WHO)
    • EU Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009
    • EPA 40 CFR Part 158 Data Requirements for Pesticides

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.4–0.9 molar equivalents vs. main nucleophile or aromatic starting material
    • Adjusted by process yield and target active loading
    • Batch amounts from pilot (10–50 kg) to commercial (100–500 kg) scale
    • Optimized via on-line process analytics

    Downstream process integration

    • Feeds into indole ring-forming or amination step
    • Integrated into closed-system pilot reactors (stainless/chromatography train)
    • Subject to stringent back-end solvent recovery and waste management
    • Supplied with CoA and TDS to support regulatory dossier preparation

    Final product types

    • Triazole-based fungicides
    • Indole-acetic acid type herbicides
    • Pyrrole-modified insecticides
    • Seed treatment actives requiring halogenated indoles

    3. Dye and Pigment Intermediate Manufacturing

    Producers of specialty dyes and pigments rely on 4-Chloroindole to introduce halogenated indole structures, enhancing color fastness and light stability properties for textile and ink formulations. It plays a role in constructing key chromophore systems via electrophilic substitution reactions and aromatic coupling. Batch chemists focus on purity to avoid chromatic shifts, monitoring residual chloride and indole-based tars. Advanced finishing steps remove trace isomeric impurities, ensuring high-quality pigment dispersion in downstream blending.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems
    • REACH Annex VIII notification, if supplied at >1 tonne/year in EEA
    • ETAD (Ecological and Toxicological Association of Dyes and Organic Pigments Manufacturers) guidance
    • RoHS Directive (for electronic and packaging inks)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 5–15% mass fraction in precursor dye synthesis batch
    • Lower fractions (1–3%) for specialty pigment modifications
    • Adjustable by desired final absorption spectrum and intensity
    • Batch sizes typically 50–200 kg input scale

    Downstream process integration

    • Charged during pigment core scaffold formation
    • Subjected to post-coupling purification and pH adjustment
    • Integrated directly before diazotization or metal complexation
    • Final wet-milling for particle size and dispersibility control

    Final product types

    • Anthraquinone and indole-based textile dyes
    • Halogenated pigment concentrates for plastics and ceramics
    • UV-absorbing ink formulations for security printing
    • High-stability colorants for coatings

    4. Organic Semiconductor and OLED Material Synthesis

    Electronic materials developers employ 4-Chloroindole in the production of advanced monomers and oligomers for organic light-emitting diodes and field-effect transistors. The indole ring integrates into backbone polymers to tune charge mobility, solution processability, and emission wavelength. Manufacturing flow includes Suzuki–Miyaura or Buchwald–Hartwig couplings, requiring precise control of halide activation and minimal metal residue. Strict material traceability and batch genealogy enable full regulatory and customer qualification as per electronics sector standards.

    Industry compliance standards

    • SEMATECH and SEMI S2 environmental, health, and safety guidelines for material suppliers
    • QC per IEC 61249-2-21 (halogen-free circuit materials, if applicable)
    • ISO 14001 Environmental Management
    • RoHS compliance for finished consumer electronic parts

    Typical usage ratio

    • 10-20 mol% in co-polymerization with other aromatic monomers
    • Batch sizes from 2–10 kg for pre-commercial device testing
    • Scaling up to 100 kg for production runs (thin film or solution-coating applications)
    • Monomer-to-catalyst ratio adapted per specific electronics-grade purity requirement

    Downstream process integration

    • Used during main co-polymerization or pre-polymerization charging
    • Subject to metal catalyst removal and trace halide QC
    • Formulated as resin or solution blend for device deposition
    • QC includes NMR, FTIR, and GPC for polymer property assessment

    Final product types

    • Blue- and green-emitting OLED materials
    • Active layer materials for organic electronic devices
    • Semi-conducting inks for flexible displays and sensors
    • Indole-substituted conjugated polymers for organic solar cells

    5. Chemical Research and Custom Synthesis

    Advanced R&D laboratories and custom synthesis companies specify 4-Chloroindole for exploratory organic synthesis, SAR studies, and scaffold diversification. It finds use as a medicinal and agrochemical starting reagent where halogen substitution modulates pharmacophores. Researchers modify the loading strategy to suit combinatorial routes, optimizing purification and isolation by automated chromatographic and crystallization systems. Material grade support includes full analytical package and change control to ensure reliable scale-up from milligram to multi-kilogram scale in regulated environments.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 17025 laboratory analytical quality
    • Institutional GLP or GMP-level documentation for regulated studies
    • Material transfer compliant with UN GHS and IATA rules
    • Analytical batch release by NMR, LC-MS, and GC-MS as per client protocols

    Typical usage ratio

    • Varies from milligram to multi-kilogram scale
    • Set according to target library or reaction stoichiometry
    • Adjustment based on yield, impurity tolerances, and scale
    • Documentation of actual charge and balance for each route

    Downstream process integration

    • Feeds directly into first synthetic step (e.g., halide substitution, cyclization)
    • Used in both batch and flow chemistry set-ups
    • Isolation by RP-HPLC, crystallization, or preparative GC
    • Analytical support included in each delivery

    Final product types

    • Compound libraries for screening
    • New chemical entity (NCE) scaffolds for IP generation
    • Research intermediates for patent or IND filings
    • Lead candidate scale-up materials
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    Competitive 4-Chloroindole prices that fit your budget—flexible terms and customized quotes for every order.

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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    Introducing 4-Chloroindole: Building Reliability from Raw Chemistry

    Our Experience with 4-Chloroindole Production

    Years of hands-on work with indoles have shown us the kind of challenges faced by researchers, API developers, and specialty chemical formulators in getting the right aromatic intermediates. Many suppliers treat this chemistry as a simple business of buying and selling. On our synthesis floor, we take a different approach. Every batch produced reflects direct attention, from sourcing raw materials to handling plant safety to creating a finished product with a purity that speaks for itself.

    4-Chloroindole, a substituted indole with the molecular structure C8H6ClN and CAS number 491-35-0, is a compound we manufacture for demanding research and pharmaceutical use. The presence of a chlorine atom at the 4-position on the indole ring gives this material distinct electronic properties. Over years of custom synthesis and kilo-scale production, our operations have evolved careful controls over halogenation steps to ensure reproducibility, color stability, and minimal byproduct formation. Minimizing reversion and tars is not abstract; we observe it directly at each step of the process.

    What Makes a Reliable 4-Chloroindole?

    Specification sheets rarely say anything about day-to-day practical experience. Chemists on our line don't just look for a technical assay number; they measure how the compound handles during transfer and storage, how it behaves in solvents, and what happens under scaled-up conditions. We target >98% LC purity as standard, pushing higher as research demands dictate. We analyze residual halides, monitor for yellowing or polymerization, and check for off-odors that signal instability.

    Our trusted 4-Chloroindole typically appears as an off-white or pale yellow crystalline solid. In our hands, storage matters: glass-lining storage vessels at moderate temperatures, thoroughly dried under vacuum, always sealed from environmental air. Moisture and trace acids readily provoke decomposition, so we manage vessel cleaning, fill lines, and nitrogen blanketing with discipline learned from dozens of plant runs. We don't treat this as overkill—it prevents downstream headaches whether you’re doing batch or flow synthesis.

    End-Use Perspective: Lab to Plant

    Our feedback really comes from the chemists and process engineers using our 4-Chloroindole to build complex pharmaceuticals, agrochemical prototypes, or electronic intermediates. No amount of theoretical discussion can replicate the reality of seeing yields drop because of undetected trace metal catalyst poisons or persistent side impurities. Polishing the product isn’t just a matter of aesthetics. Users want sharp melting points, predictable chromatographic profiles, and consistent integration on NMR—benchmarks that only come from getting the synthesis conditions right, every time.

    4-Chloroindole's key difference from other indole derivatives isn’t just the position of the halogen. Compared to 5-chloro or 7-chloro analogues, this compound brings unique reactivity for Suzuki-Miyaura couplings, electrophilic substitutions, and routes to kinase inhibitor scaffolds. Its reactivity gets shaped by both electronic and steric effects, opening doors for selective functionalization. We frequently hear from clients who switched from multi-supplier blends to our single-source material, noting a measurable lift in reaction yields, faster work-up procedures, and reduced need for re-purification.

    Advantages Over Commodity Sourcing

    There’s a wide gap between what’s possible in a controlled manufacturing plant and what comes out of lightly supervised toll production. One major lesson we've learned is the hidden cost of inconsistent sourcing—customer downtime, requalification, and delays rippling through clinical development or exploratory synthesis. Producing 4-Chloroindole in-house gives us granular oversight. We study every deviation, whether it’s a blip in HPLC trace or a shipment delay due to customs. It pays off when batches are accepted on the first test, month after month, saving time and money for everyone down the line.

    Our plant is equipped with a closed-loop waste stream and multiple points for in-process sample access, to cut contamination risk. End users, especially in regulated industries, have asked for full traceability and batch-level documentation. Responding to that, we maintain digital records of every reaction stage, every cleaning operation, and every test run—not simply to check a box for audits, but because this level of accountability reveals inefficiencies and allows real continuous improvement. For users who care about data integrity, this history is more valuable than any generic certificate.

    Supporting Innovation: How We Tackle User Challenges

    New pharmaceuticals and functional materials often start with a critical intermediate like 4-Chloroindole. Smaller labs and scale-up teams need not just a bucket of raw chemical, but a partner who helps them defeat bottlenecks in the route. We receive requests for small lots, kilogram quantities, or larger runs, customizing lot sizes around development tempo and project demands. Each time, our technical support team reviews reaction design, downstream compatibility, and—in some cases—even shares learnings on quenching or solvent choices from previous work.

    Taking the time to talk chemistry with customers leads us to solutions before they turn into production snags. For example, we’ve worked out modifications in post-synthesis drying to improve single-crystal X-ray analysis. We support teams making heavy metal-free products by tightening raw material qualification and applying controlled-release filtration of all input solvents. Where a customer has unusual stability requirements, we can fine-tune storage protocols and discuss sample stability out to multi-month timelines, all based on hard data from our ongoing bench tests.

    Differences Between 4-Chloroindole and Other Indole Variants

    Many buyers look at indole chemistry and see a buffet of similar products: 2-chloro, 5-chloro, 6-chloro, fluoro, bromo, even methylated derivatives. In practical synthesis, these are not interchangeable. 4-Chloroindole brings a much different set of reaction outcomes on both the benchtop and in full-scale reactors. The chlorine atom on the 4-position pushes electronic density and shields reactive sites differently than substitutions on the 2- or 5-ring positions. It can block unwanted side reactions, accelerate some coupling steps, and even impact the biological activity of final compounds.

    Pharmaceutical applications especially highlight these differences. Medicinal chemists have reported stronger receptor selectivity or improved metabolic stability in lead compounds built from 4-chloro intermediates. When you move from early lab work to pilot scaling, little annoyances—like stubborn high-boiling tars you don’t see with 5-chloro or residual starting material from under-reacted 6-chloro analogues—can become full-blown process delays unless you’ve got consistency from the ground up.

    Safety and Environmental Responsibility

    Over the years, we’ve learned that treating halogenated intermediates carelessly costs more than money; it risks crew safety and community reputation. Our approach with 4-Chloroindole borrows from larger-scale chemical engineering best practices. We limit open handling, work with ventilated, enclosed lines, and enforce site protocols to keep vapors contained. Our team receives continual on-site training, covering everything from the right PPE for dry handling to rapid response drills should any deviation in process control be detected.

    On the environmental side, manufacturing 4-Chloroindole demands real diligence. Halogenated waste is segregated, routed to certified disposal, and audited quarterly for completion. We actively source greener reagents for ancillary steps. Even with product in storage, we run environmental monitoring to ensure that no fugitive emissions slip out during cylinder transfer or drum venting. Our customers in regulated markets have taken note; many share our data with their own sustainability offices, using it for product stewardship and regulatory filings.

    Transparency and Continuous Improvement

    Knowledge only matters if it's shared. We publish both successes and challenges with real batch histories, giving downstream chemists and engineers honest context. This includes transparent impurity profiles, solubility notes (in DMF, DCM, acetonitrile, and water), and offers for periodic teleconferences on method development. Users report this saves them hours of troubleshooting per campaign.

    We do not take shortcuts. Every change in process—whether it’s an equipment swap or a tweak in oven drying—triggers side-by-side comparisons on batch performance. Feedback from analysts and formulation staff is actively sought out, and if a lot misses the mark, it never leaves our gate. It goes straight back for reprocessing or disposal, rather than risking a customer’s development pipeline. This workflow, tested again and again, keeps standards high even when scaling up to multiple reactors or expanding exports.

    Quality Programs Shaped by Reality, Not Paperwork

    Our quality process is not just documents and checklists. Technicians sample every drum, and at the slightest off-note in odor, color, or fine particle content, we halt release. Our LC and GC analytics are frequently upgraded, not because we expect problems, but because new customer methods reveal previously undetectable low-level side materials. Over time, this turns into a deeper understanding of synthetic mechanisms and allows us to upgrade yields and selectivity.

    Retention samples from every lot are kept under monitored conditions, so if a customer ever needs a duplicate analysis or has a question about long-term stability, we provide real data, not generic statements. This culture of direct responsibility comes from living with the end results. If we can’t guarantee a batch, we don’t ship it; we know the cost of a failed reaction or delayed registration.

    Pushing the Limits: Scaling to New Demands

    Many of our customers used to struggle with long lead times and unpredictable logistics. Seeking out steady, forecasted supply chains, we invested in inventory management, proactive raw material stocking, and multi-line manufacturing. We plan months ahead—sometimes years, when demand surges occur due to a new drug candidate or a regulatory push for cleaner intermediates. Detailed coordination between synthesis teams, logistics, and analytical labs keep our output reliable, even as order volumes ramp up on short notice.

    Stable supply matters more than ever now, with disruptions in global trade, tighter regulatory oversight, and higher scrutiny on origin of materials. We welcome the audits. Each audit, every customer visit, is a chance to show—not just tell—how we maintain quality, safety, and responsive production. That attitude has earned us long-term partnerships with leaders in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science. As we see it, true value is built on performance over years, not overnight savings on a single purchase.

    Practical Considerations for Users

    Whether you’re developing an early-stage molecule or validating a full route to scale, your choice of 4-Chloroindole sets a real foundation. Storage, transfer, and downstream chemistry all depend on getting the right physical lot. We've supported researchers who switched from questionable sources to our compound and saw dramatic reductions in purification time, less decomposition under acidic work-up, and more consistent analytical performance in QC checks.

    Requests for documentation, stability data, impurity profiles, or regulatory support are taken seriously. If you need customized packing, specialty labeling, or new analytical methods, we work directly with your team to translate ideas into on-plant solutions. Every improvement is logged, repeated, and hard-coded into new production. Our operations have handled kilos to multi-ton orders over the years, and with each lot, lessons from direct plant experience get built back into our next syntheses.

    Listening to the Field

    Chemistry thrives on feedback. Our phone lines and inboxes haven’t gone quiet in decades of operation, since we view every customer report—positive or critical—as direct input for process improvement. We dedicate a technical liaison who actually understands the details, from ring halogenation selectivity to troubleshooting product crystallization. Often we help bridge internal knowledge gaps at customer sites, accelerating development or solving headaches that pure product alone can’t solve.

    Real partnership goes far beyond paperwork. We see our work with 4-Chloroindole as an ongoing collaboration with the global research and production community. Each new request or problem brings opportunity to build a better product, to strengthen our plant protocols, and to reinforce a culture focused on chemical integrity and real-world usability. From starter trials to routine shipments, consistency and accountability are our guideposts.

    The Next Chapter for 4-Chloroindole

    As new therapies, functional coatings, and green chemistry projects emerge, 4-Chloroindole finds new applications that test both its chemistry and our process control. The challenges ahead drive us to synthesize cleaner, more precisely defined lots, reduce waste at every turn, and invest in both technology and team skill. Customer expectations and regulatory pressures keep raising the bar, but we've seen that the best results come from day-to-day discipline and a willingness to learn from every run. Building a legacy of reliability isn't an overnight event; it lives in every drum that leaves our line and every satisfied call back from an R&D group that brought something new to market.