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4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside

    • Product Name 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside
    • Alias 4-APG
    • Einecs 242-693-6
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
    VTB
    Specifications

    HS Code

    902532

    Cas Number 16856-18-1
    Molecular Formula C12H17NO6
    Molecular Weight 271.27 g/mol
    Appearance White to off-white powder
    Melting Point 245-249°C
    Solubility Soluble in water
    Storage Temperature 2-8°C
    Synonyms 4-Aminophenyl β-D-galactopyranoside
    Pubchem Id 668390
    Iupac Name (2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2-(4-aminophenoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol

    As an accredited 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside is supplied in a 5g amber glass vial with a tamper-evident screw cap and label.
    Shipping This chemical, *4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside*, ships in secure, chemical-resistant packaging to prevent contamination and degradation. It is transported under standard ambient conditions unless otherwise specified, with all regulatory documentation included. Shipping complies with relevant safety and hazard regulations. Handle upon receipt according to recommended chemical safety guidelines.
    Storage 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside should be stored in a tightly closed container, in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from incompatible substances such as strong oxidizers. Protect from light and moisture. Recommended storage temperature is 2-8°C (refrigerated). Avoid prolonged exposure to air, and ensure proper labeling. Handle using appropriate personal protective equipment in accordance with safety guidelines.
    Application of 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside

    Applications of 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside in Industrial Manufacturing

    4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside is an established synthetic substrate in several specialized industrial sectors. Developed and quality-controlled at our manufacturing site, this compound features a well-documented cleavage profile and colorimetric response, which have made it a material of choice for diagnostic, quality control, and bioprocess reactions. Below, we detail its precise functions and requirements in major downstream applications, each with industry-specific compliance, formulation, operational, and product characteristics.

    1. Clinical Diagnostics – Enzyme Substrate for β-Galactosidase Assays

    Our material serves as a sensitive chromogenic substrate in in vitro diagnostic assays, particularly for detecting β-galactosidase enzymatic activity across clinical laboratories carrying out microbiological and clinical analyses. By generating a colored or fluorescent end-product after enzyme hydrolysis, it allows for rapid, visual confirmation in test kit production and high-throughput screening formats.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 13485:2016 Medical Devices Quality Management
    • IVDR (EU) 2017/746 for in vitro diagnostic medical devices
    • CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) standards
    • US FDA 21 CFR Part 820 Quality System Regulation

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.2–2.0 mM per assay, with specific concentration determined by assay sensitivity requirements and matrix effects in kit formulation

    Downstream process integration

    • Added during buffer preparation phase; dissolved in proprietary buffer solutions immediately before dispense into diagnostic assay cassettes or wells

    Final product types

    • Colorimetric and fluorometric β-galactosidase test strips
    • Microplate diagnostic kits for infectious disease detection
    • Automated clinical chemistry analyzers’ reagent cartridges

    2. Microbial Quality Control – Bacterial and Yeast Detection Media

    Downstream manufacturers in quality control and food safety monitoring apply 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside in media formulations to identify and quantify β-galactosidase-producing microbes. The compound enables visual identification of target colonies by developing a colored precipitate, streamlining enumeration in challenging matrices such as dairy, water, and fermentation samples.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 11133:2014 Microbiology of food, animal feed, and water - Preparation and production of culture media
    • USP General Chapter <51> Antimicrobial Effectiveness Testing
    • AOAC International Official Methods of Analysis
    • FDA Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 25–50 mg/L in solid or liquid media; exact concentration depends on background matrix, target organism density, and detection limit requirements

    Downstream process integration

    • Incorporated post-autoclave into cooled agar or broth, ensuring enzymatic activity is preserved prior to media dispensing into Petri dishes or sample vials

    Final product types

    • Differential chromogenic culture media plates
    • Ready-to-use microbial detection broth kits
    • Coliform and E. coli indicator ampoules

    3. Bioreactor Monitoring – Reporter Assay Systems

    Biotechnology and pharmaceutical production facilities integrate this material as a reporter gene substrate for monitoring expression systems in engineered microorganisms during fermentation scale-up. Its fast and specific chromogenic signal enables real-time tracking of gene expression, aiding both process development and in-process monitoring for cell lines containing β-galactosidase markers.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ICH Q7 Good Manufacturing Practice for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
    • FDA 21 CFR Parts 210 & 211 (cGMP in drug manufacturing)
    • EMA EudraLex Volume 4 GMP Guidelines, Annex 2 (for biotech processes)
    • ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management Systems

    Typical usage ratio

    • Typically 0.1–1.0 mM in cell culture or fermentation sampling; adjusted according to optical path length and expression cassette strength

    Downstream process integration

    • Added to withdrawn bioreactor samples prior to spectrophotometric or fluorometric measurement; may also be used in-line for automated analytics

    Final product types

    • Reagent kits for recombinant protein production monitoring
    • High-throughput cell line screening kits
    • Fermentation process QC assay consumables

    4. Pharmaceutical Research – Enzyme Inhibition and Activity Studies

    Pharmaceutical R&D departments employ 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside to quantify β-galactosidase inhibition or activity in enzyme kinetics and drug screening platforms. The compound provides robust substrate performance benchmarks for evaluating candidate molecule efficacy in enzymology and cellular bioassays, where precise colorimetric or fluorogenic readout is critical.

    Industry compliance standards

    • GLP (Good Laboratory Practice) OECD Principles
    • FDA Guidance for Industry: Bioanalytical Method Validation
    • Ph. Eur. General Chapter 2.7.24 Enzyme assays
    • USP General Chapter <1225> Validation of Compendial Procedures

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.5–10 μM in microplate-based assays; concentration determined by enzyme turnover rate and detection system used

    Downstream process integration

    • Substrate added to 96-well or 384-well assay plates after test compound incubation; reaction products quantified by multi-mode plate readers

    Final product types

    • Pre-formulated enzyme assay kits for research use
    • Automated drug candidate screening plates
    • Contract research organization (CRO) screening services supplies

    5. Environmental Testing – Detection of Fecal Contamination in Water Analysis

    Environmental monitoring labs utilize the raw material as an enzymatic indicator in water analysis kits, targeting the identification of coliforms and E. coli through β-galactosidase activity in environmental samples. This application enables rapid field and laboratory confirmation of water safety compliance during municipal, recreational, and industrial water supply monitoring.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 9308-1:2014 Water quality - Enumeration of Escherichia coli and coliform bacteria
    • EPA Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater
    • EU Drinking Water Directive 2020/2184
    • US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 40 CFR Part 141

    Typical usage ratio

    • 100–200 μg/mL in sample test kits; revised according to local water turbidity and expected contaminant load

    Downstream process integration

    • Dosed directly into water sample vials during sample preparation for onsite rapid testing or in-lab confirmatory analysis steps

    Final product types

    • Onsite bacterial contamination test kits
    • Confirmatory indicator media for water treatment facilities
    • Portable water safety analysis packs
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside: A Closer Look Inside the Manufacturer’s Facility

    Introduction to Development

    We founded our company on the conviction that meticulous control from raw materials through the final packaging phase produces better chemical products, both in purity and in impact. Over many years, we have handled a wide range of phenolic glycosides, but 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside has always stood out among our specialty sugar derivatives. As a manufacturer, the hands-on experience in scaling up this biochemical reagent from bench glassware to full production lines has given us insight into what sets this compound apart and the reasons behind its growing appeal, especially among academic and commercial laboratories looking for reliable and pure substrates.

    Origins of the Compound

    The story of 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside stretches back to biochemistry’s push to deepen enzyme diagnostics and metabolic pathway studies. Its structure combines an aminophenyl group with a galactopyranoside ring, yielding specific interactions not easily found in other phenolic glycosides. Synthesizing it on an industrial scale, we quickly understood that every trace impurity—whether from source sugars or residual reactants—could disrupt downstream applications, especially enzyme assays or cell culture work.

    Raw material sourcing lays the foundation. We start with highly controlled batches of D-galactose before functionalization with p-aminophenol derivatives. The aminophenyl group opens up extended options for label conjugation or coupling, making this compound attractive for more than just colorimetric assays. It’s these practical considerations that drove us early on to refine our processes constantly, tuning solvent ratios, temperature profiles, and purification steps so the finished product matches or exceeds published purity standards.

    Production Realities and Challenges

    Stability and purity anchor everything we do with this compound. Controlling environmental factors, such as humidity and mixing speed during the key coupling step, took several cycles of trial and error. Some competitors tolerate faint background colors or ambiguous spectral signatures. As direct producers, we made the decision not to release batches until we see single-spot TLC or sharp HPLC peaks by our internal methods. The human eye and experience still catch the limp or off-white appearance that signals something went awry.

    We learned that purifying 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside calls for more than just column chromatography. Certain by-products, particularly small-molecule amines or unreacted sugars, can be stubborn. To address this, we built a process around recrystallization and vacuum drying cycles. These steps extend production times, but the tradeoff for a consistently reliable white to off-white crystalline powder is not one we hesitate over.

    Packing Details, Storage Insights, and Product Stability

    Temperature, air exclusion, and packaging all affect shelf life far more than most catalogs let on. Having observed microclumping or yellowing during test storage, we shifted to nitrogen-sealed, amber glass vials for our higher sensitivity clients. This takes time and increases packaging costs, but it preserves product activity and keeps enzymatic readouts predictable for the labs that trust us.

    Product stability comes from years spent watching real-world storage and transport outcomes. Even the humidity in our region’s rainy season pushed us to move the final packing inside dehumidified rooms. End users routinely remark on how the compound holds up after thawing or long-term storage. We maintain samples from every lot in our own freezer to run monthly checks for degradation. If the main absorption peak or melting point slides, we trace the batch back and rework our protocols.

    Practical Usage in Biochemical and Research Applications

    Users in biochemistry, molecular biology, and clinical analysis favor 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside mostly for its function as a chromogenic or fluorogenic substrate. Adding it to an enzyme assay allows detection of galactosidase activity by a clear color change, supporting diagnostics and fundamental research. We get feedback from researchers who appreciate its clean background and strong signal response, particularly because trace contaminants can produce false positives or skew kinetic measurements.

    A common question from customers focuses on buffer compatibility or potential side reactions. Our technical staff has tested dissolving the compound in a range of organic and aqueous solvents, reporting consistent results except under strongly oxidizing conditions. For most laboratory protocols involving β-galactosidase, we see minimal hydrolysis unless the system is deliberately spiked with the corresponding enzyme. This predictability directly reflects our emphasis on chemical stability and purity throughout manufacturing.

    Differences from Other Phenolic Glycosides

    Structural differences yield real-world results when comparing 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside with other glycoside substrates. The presence of the para-amino group allows further chemical modification, such as biotinylation or fluorescent dye labeling, which can be pivotal in multiplex assay development or targeted detection. In practice, this unlocks research avenues not supported by standard phenyl or nitrophenyl derivatives.

    Take, for instance, the common p-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (PNPG). PNPG dominates the high-throughput assay field thanks to its straightforward colorimetric change. Our aminophenyl compound fills a different niche: the amino moiety can participate in reductive amination and cross-linking reactions, supplying molecular biologists and chemical biologists with a bridge to new conjugates and solid-phase methods. In our experience, those seeking antibody labeling substrates or constructing enzyme-linked probes often turn to our product over its yellow-color-producing cousin.

    Some researchers favor higher water solubility for certain diagnostic test kits, but the aminophenyl derivative’s compatibility with organic solvents and tendency to form stable, easily filterable crystals simplify downstream formulation steps. Laboratories aiming for long-shelf-life reagents with flexible usage patterns don’t have to worry about rapid hydrolysis or spontaneous degradation, because the electron-donating amino group maintains robustness under common laboratory pH conditions. Functional differences like these go far beyond catalog descriptions; they shape how a product integrates into evolving research toolkits.

    Quality Assurance: The Manufacturer’s Perspective

    We do not separate our quality system from the rest of our operation. Every batch receives at least two independent checks from experienced analysts—not just an automated instrument printout. Our team tests for melting point (which can flag subtle moisture uptake or polymorphic variation), checks for UV-Vis spectral conformity, and measures residual solvent content using GC or Karl Fischer titration, depending on the solvent history of the batch.

    Occasionally, we reject product at the last stage if the batch fails our in-house colorimetric diagnostic, which simulates a customer’s actual use case rather than relying on indirect chemical purity alone. Our connection with regular users means we get direct feedback, and we invite end user complaints or deviations as opportunities to refine the product.

    Market Trends: Why This Compound Gained Ground

    Research priorities shift over time, but the rise of improved biomarker assays and personalized diagnostics fueled increased interest in our 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside. Academic labs looking to trace subtle enzyme activities turn to this compound for reproducible quantification, while kit manufacturers need a robust, modifiable substrate for in vitro diagnostics. Our experience shows that clinical test kit providers prize reproducibility first, and our long-term reliability record and technical transparency win us renewed contracts.

    Another reason for the product’s growing reach stems from the shift in demand toward lower background signal in multiplexed detection tests. The aminophenyl group’s chemical flexibility simplifies in-house conjugation protocols for research-intensive teams, streamlining their project timelines. As supply chain disruptions struck parts of the specialty chemical market in recent years, our on-site control over each step offered peace of mind for laboratories that previously experienced long lead times or inconsistent batches through third-party channels.

    Technical Insights from the Floor

    Each production run is evaluated using hands-on, shop-floor sensory cues as well as analytical tools. Seasoned technicians watch for changes in solution behavior during the key coupling phase, such as the appearance of persistent cloudiness or unexpected viscosities. These sensory observations often correlate with later analytical outliers.

    Years on the manufacturing floor reveal patterns machines alone do not catch. Minor shifts in water activity or solvent purity, especially during humid summer months, can alter the course of the reaction and the ease of crystallization. Production scheduling now builds in real-world buffers for these shifts, knowing that rushing drying or filtration leads to compromised product stability months—or years—down the line.

    User Feedback and Ongoing Improvement

    Direct engagement with users yields suggestions and creative improvements beyond what internal R&D can always anticipate. Some clinical partners request slight adjustments in crystal size to improve handling or solubility profiles in automated systems. Others value controlled levels of trace moisture for instant dissolution. We try batch-by-batch tweaks, keeping production agile without compromising batch integrity or documentation. There is no replacement for careful lot tracking and feedback loops with the people who rely on our compound.

    Open conversations with independent research teams surface new application trends, like the use of 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside in custom surface immobilization protocols or as a precursor for more complex carbohydrate-protein conjugates. Sometimes, improvements developed for niche users lead to broader process upgrades—such as refining our drying step to improve cloaked impurity removal, which then benefits all downstream customers.

    Regulatory Standards and Compliance Details

    Every step, from raw material incoming inspection to double-wrapped final shipping packages, falls within documented standard operating procedures based on current good manufacturing practice (cGMP) principles. In-house analytical labs support every production lot with certificates of analysis, using not just chromatography, but also advanced mass spectrometry on request for trace-level impurity reporting.

    Audits from both external partners and clients keep us focused on traceability and documentation. Demonstrating full supply chain control reassures both end users and regulatory authorities, especially as regulatory requirements on final purity and extractables get stricter year after year. As the original manufacturer, we maintain detailed archives not just for years, but for decades, to allow full backward traceability for any lot shipped out.

    Outlook and Broader Impact

    Based on years of hands-on manufacturing, our team believes that the chemical industry must go beyond standard catalog purity numbers. With specialty compounds like 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside, minor improvements in raw material quality, staff training, and process control multiply the product’s value for users doing crucial biological research. This chemical is not just a raw material. It is often the difference between clear diagnostic results and ambiguous or failed ones.

    With research in glycomics and enzymology accelerating, we see demand for tailored carbohydrate derivatives continuing to rise. We invest in pilot runs that let us explore new derivatization pathways or scale up green chemistry alternatives for cleaner synthesis. Our regular cross-talks with universities and biotech companies fuel more innovations, ensuring that each lot of 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside fits not only today’s laboratory workflows but also tomorrow’s next-generation research platforms.

    Strong partnerships between expert chemical manufacturers and end users drive real progress. Our decision to remain a fully integrated production facility reflects years of learning from both successes and setbacks. We have discovered that trust built on consistent, high-quality production, technical transparency, and fast feedback cycles cannot be replaced by flashy marketing or broad but shallow product lines.

    Final Thoughts from the Workshop Floor

    Behind each batch of 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside stand both advances in chemistry and dedication from skilled technicians. The nuances of formulation, the practical compromises of large-scale synthesis, and the persistent quest for improvement form the foundation of our approach. We see every reaction, every test, and every delivery as an opportunity to refine what we do, informed by science, collaboration, and hands-on experience.

    For every research team waiting for a substrate that performs the same way every time, and for every problem solver who demands more than just “good enough,” our doors stay open. We believe there is lasting value in direct production and close partnership with the scientific community, especially for compounds as specialized—and as quietly essential—as 4-Aminophenyl-Beta-D-Galactopyranoside.