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4,6-Dichloro-1H-Indole

    • Product Name 4,6-Dichloro-1H-Indole
    • Alias NSC 142661
    • Einecs 'EINECS 610-122-0'
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
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    Specifications

    HS Code

    428889

    Chemical Name 4,6-Dichloro-1H-Indole
    Cas Number 4460-87-3
    Molecular Formula C8H5Cl2N
    Molecular Weight 186.04 g/mol
    Appearance Light yellow to brown solid
    Melting Point 159-163°C
    Purity Typically ≥98%
    Solubility Slightly soluble in water, soluble in organic solvents
    Smiles Clc1cc2[nH]ccc2cc1Cl

    As an accredited 4,6-Dichloro-1H-Indole factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing The 4,6-Dichloro-1H-Indole is supplied in a 25g amber glass bottle, featuring a secure screw cap and hazard labeling.
    Shipping **Shipping Description for 4,6-Dichloro-1H-Indole:** Shipped in a tightly sealed container under dry, cool conditions. Handle as a potentially hazardous chemical; avoid contact with skin and inhalation of dust. Complies with relevant transportation regulations. Shipping documentation includes safety data sheets, hazard identification, and emergency contact information to ensure safe delivery and handling.
    Storage 4,6-Dichloro-1H-indole should be stored in a tightly sealed container, protected from light, moisture, and sources of ignition. Keep it in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from incompatible substances such as strong oxidizers and acids. Clearly label the storage area and use secondary containment to prevent spills. Follow all relevant safety protocols and local regulations.
    Application of 4,6-Dichloro-1H-Indole

    Applications of 4,6-Dichloro-1H-Indole in Industrial Manufacturing

    4,6-Dichloro-1H-Indole plays a vital role in several specialized upstream sectors, serving as a key intermediate for complex synthesis processes in the pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and specialty chemical industries. The following sections detail specific industrial scenarios where this advanced intermediate integrates into real-world manufacturing, covering compliance, formulation, operational workflow, and target end-products.

    1. Pharmaceutical API Synthesis: Indole-Based Antineoplastic Agents

    In specialty oncology active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) synthesis, manufacturers use this material during the construction of indole frameworks for small-molecule antitumor substances, leveraging its electron-rich structure to facilitate halogen substitution and heterocycle elaboration steps. Tight process control ensures each synthesis stage meets regulatory standards for intermediate purity, low residual solvent content, and reproducibility. Output serves global API markets for targeted therapy development.

    Industry compliance standards

    • Current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) – US FDA 21 CFR Parts 210/211
    • ICH Q7 Guideline for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
    • European Pharmacopoeia specifications on impurities and process validation
    • USP General Chapters <823> & <1044> for API intermediates

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.12–0.29 mole per mole of API batch size, adjusted based on specific route and downstream yield requirements

    Downstream process integration

    • Feeds directly into Suzuki-Miyaura coupling, Friedel–Crafts alkylation, or palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling steps after initial salt formation and solvent exchange

    Final product types

    • Indole-based oncology APIs such as protein kinase inhibitors, antitumor leads, and cytostatic agents

    2. Agrochemical Synthesis: Indole-Incorporating Herbicide Intermediates

    In crop protection chemistry, this material enters early-stage synthetic routes for select herbicide actives. Structural rigidity and halogenation pattern allow downstream manufacturers to introduce further substitutions with high regioselectivity, supporting stringent impurity profiles for modern herbicidal compounds. Quality control laboratories monitor both chemical identity and trace organic impurities for distribution into regulated agrochemical markets.

    Industry compliance standards

    • FAO/WHO Specifications for Plant Protection Products
    • ISO 9001:2015 certified process and batch traceability
    • REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 registration for environmental safety
    • OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals (Section 1: Physical-Chemical Properties)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 3–7% by weight in the indole precursor stage, further optimized per synthesis protocol and target impurity profile

    Downstream process integration

    • Introduced at the aromatic substitution reaction following initial chlorination, then subjected to chlorodehydrogenation or amidation routes as part of the active ingredient core building block

    Final product types

    • Pyrrole- and indole-containing herbicide technicals, pre-emergence and post-emergence formulations for rice, maize, and wheat markets

    3. Specialty Dye and Pigment Manufacturing: Electronic-Grade Dye Intermediates

    This compound acts as a high-purity intermediate for dyes used in optoelectronic device production, supporting manufacture of functional colorants for LCD polarizers and organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays. Manufacturers value its high chemical uniformity and reactivity for selective halogenation in controlled environments, backing reproducible batch coloration performance and stringent contaminant limits critical for electronics-grade material flows.

    Industry compliance standards

    • IEC 62471:2006 - Photobiological Safety Standards for Optical Materials
    • RoHS Directive (EU) 2015/863 for electronics applications
    • ISO 14001:2015 for environmental management
    • Global Electronics Council EPEAT Criteria for chemical use disclosure

    Typical usage ratio

    • 5–12% by weight relative to primary chromophore backbone, depending on target dye concentration and absorbance spectrum

    Downstream process integration

    • Added during stepwise formation of indolequinone and carbazole intermediates before condensation or azo coupling to establish final chromatic properties

    Final product types

    • High-purity dyes and pigments for LCD, OLED, and specialized photoactive display films

    4. API Intermediate for Veterinary Pharmaceuticals: Indole-Based Anti-Infectives

    In veterinary pharmaceutical manufacturing, this compound enables route-specific construction of halogenated indole units in antibacterial and antiparasitic actives for companion and livestock animals. Manufacturers focus on impurity control and scalable, validated synthesis to conform with diverse regulatory and market supply needs, ensuring finished products meet pharmacopoeial monographs and regional veterinary guidelines.

    Industry compliance standards

    • VICH GL24: Good Manufacturing Practice for Veterinary Drug Substances
    • Ph. Eur. Veterinary Monographs
    • US FDA 21 CFR Part 226 (Current GMP for Veterinary Drugs)
    • China Veterinary Pharmacopoeia

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.09–0.18 mole per final API mole, adjusted for yield losses and target impurity thresholds imposed by regulatory authorities

    Downstream process integration

    • Enters amidation or heterocyclic fusion reactions at the core construction stage, prior to final functionalization of bioactive frameworks

    Final product types

    • Veterinary API powders and masterbatches for tablet, injectable, and topical dosage form production

    5. Chemical R&D: Building Block for Advanced Heterocyclic Libraries

    Contract research organizations and large chemical innovators use this compound as a staple for constructing diverse heterocyclic scaffolds in medicinal and materials research. It serves as a chlorine-modified indole base for combinatorial library synthesis, enabling discovery-stage development of new drug leads, specialty polymers, or electronic materials. Analytical teams apply rigorous in-process and post-synthesis qualification to maximize library value and reliability.

    Industry compliance standards

    • OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)
    • ISO 17025 accreditation for analytical testing reliability
    • Local chemical safety and compound registry protocols (e.g., US TSCA compliance)
    • UN GHS SDS requirements for handling and documentation

    Typical usage ratio

    • 1–20 μmol per well or vial in combinatorial panels, scaled depending on desired compound diversity and screening protocol

    Downstream process integration

    • Employed as the initial nucleophilic or electrophilic indole donor in multi-well parallel synthesis arrays or automated flow chemistry lines

    Final product types

    • Screening libraries for medicinal chemistry, functionalized advanced materials, and prototype specialty chemicals for further development
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    4,6-Dichloro-1H-Indole: Consistency Forged in Practice

    In our chemical production line, crafting 4,6-Dichloro-1H-Indole always brings a sense of purpose. We work daily with upstream raw materials, choosing routes that minimize impurities so each batch stands up to scrutiny from research teams around the world. Over the years, we’ve honed our purification methods to ensure the off-white to light tan powders we ship match the levels demanded by pharmaceutical and agrochemical innovators.

    Getting to the Core: What Sets 4,6-Dichloro-1H-Indole Apart

    It’s tempting to think of substituted indoles as interchangeable, but the nuances in halogen location carry real consequences in reactivity and application. We’ve tested countless analogues, watching as single atoms produce pronounced shifts during coupling or cyclization. 4,6-Dichloro substitution offers a particular bridge between reactivity and selective functionalization; our partners across medicinal chemistry and crop protection value these properties as much as we do. The dichloro pattern boosts resistance to oxidative degradation and often mediates binding with protein targets in a manner that changes the conversation compared to more standard 5-chloro or unsubstituted indoles.

    Each kilogram we produce carries months of incremental refinement. We’ve settled on a crystalline product with targeted purity well above 98%, using HPLC and NMR for validation. Melting points stay within the batch-to-batch range we promise, and particle size remains consistent, which avoids surprises downstream. When labs run their first reactions with our indole, they see fewer byproducts and cleaner profiles, saving hours in isolation and analysis. That might sound simple, but it comes from regular feedback and ongoing tweaks on the shop floor.

    Experience From the Factory Floor

    Scaling halogen chemistry rarely feels routine. Those starting from catalogs often overlook just how much care goes into choosing the right solvents, managing heat flows, and handling hazardous reagents safely at larger volumes. We retool and recalibrate frequently to deal with minor shifts in raw material purity or ambient humidity. Experience tells us that cutting corners in crystallization leads to material barely usable in practice. Aggressive drying times, for example, can degrade the product; gentle control in the final steps keeps the molecular backbone stable.

    Our teams grind, sieve, and test. They notice that the smallest variance—a humid day, a fresh supplier—shows up in trace analyses. These small experiences inform every part of our process, so by the time our dichloroindole hits the bottle, we know exactly how it holds up through storage or shipment. We’ve opened competitor samples and found streaks and clumping that speak to less attention. We avoid those pitfalls by focusing on process transparency and worker know-how, not just numbers on a certificate.

    Common Applications and Real-World Feedback

    Over most years, the demand for 4,6-Dichloro-1H-Indole comes from two sectors: pharmaceutical research and advanced agricultural chemistry. Early-stage drug discovery groups use our indole as a scaffold for kinase inhibitors or anti-inflammatory agents, where even minor contaminants complicate SAR studies. Agricultural research groups highlight the reliability of our material for herbicide and fungicide intermediates, especially when developing compounds where a single step’s impurity profile can set back timelines by weeks.

    We’ve seen research projects fail when pilot batches differ from development samples. Scale-up exposes every inconsistency. Through real feedback from formulation chemists, we keep adjusting. At times, a small shift in recrystallization temperature allowed our customers to improve their downstream yields by several percent, and that directly impacts the pace of discovery. With each order, the standards stay high not simply due to a price agreement, but because our partners rely on predictability—one flaw in the chain, and entire months of work may unravel.

    Deep Dive: How 4,6-Dichloro-1H-Indole Differs From Other Substituted Indoles

    It’s easy to focus on the usual suspects in indole chemistry—5-chloro, 7-chloro, or multi-halogenated analogues. The market brims with material that carries surface similarities, but the distinction comes into play once material enters more advanced transformations.

    Our 4,6-Dichloro-1H-Indole offers distinct regioselectivity in cross-coupling and electrophilic aromatic substitution. For researchers engineering new pharmacophores or selectivity filters in crops, the halogen positioning on the indole ring significantly shapes chemistry outcomes. The differences aren’t just chemical curiosity—the downstream biological properties and manufacturability often rest on such subtle shifts.

    We’ve worked side-by-side with partners who ran parallel syntheses across different halogenated indoles. They found that the 4,6-dichloro pattern allowed for cleaner substitution in Suzuki couplings, reducing unwanted rearrangements and contamination by unreacted starting materials. In iterative rounds, those saving grace details reveal themselves in shorter purification cascades and higher material throughput.

    The Approach to Consistent Quality

    Purity for us is never an afterthought. Our staff analyze each lot for residual solvents and trace chlorinated byproducts. We adjust parameters like solvent choice or crystallization rates in direct response to what our customers report. Many in research phase projects require not just a paper certificate but also actual lab observations—stability in solution, lack of discoloration, and reproducibility in subsequent reactions.

    As a manufacturer, we don’t rely solely on batch records. Our teams routinely subject samples to stress conditions that mimic accelerated aging, or extended exposure to air, to spot deviations. Any time we fail to meet our own markers, that batch stays out of the shipping lineup. Over years of tracking, trends emerge—sometimes a seasonal shift in incoming raw chlorinated anilines leads to off-odors or slight hue changes, which get flagged immediately, before the next synthesis.

    Risks and Lessons Learned

    Production of halogenated indoles comes with genuine risks. Exposure to intermediates increases the need for vigilant monitoring—leaks or overheating events get flagged quickly, and our protocols stem directly from hands-on incidents, not just paperwork. We learned early that proper personal protective equipment, real-time fume monitoring, and batch scheduling according to heat release profiles improve both operator safety and product quality.

    One lesson stands out: never compromise on process cleaning. Residues from other chlorinated aromatics in shared vessels introduce unpredictable impurities. We introduced more frequent solvent flushes and validated cleaning protocols with rigorous swab testing. While this adds time and expense, each problem we’ve addressed in this area has paid off through fewer rejected batches and less downtime on the line.

    Impact on Discovery and Synthesis

    Many low-volume, high-impact chemicals rarely make headlines, but those working in synthesis quickly notice the quality gap. Unchecked batch variation costs time and resources. We see value in our experience-tested approach because it keeps researchers focused on discovery instead of troubleshooting supply problems.

    As medicinal chemists push the boundaries of chemical space, indoles like ours provide the foundation for countless new molecules. Stable, high-purity starting materials enable scientists to pursue more ambitious synthetic targets, with greater confidence that observed biological effects come from true structural innovation, not lurking contaminants. The complexity of modern discovery pipelines leaves little room for unreliable inputs, so our regular communications with users help us track unexpected outcomes and preempt potential issues before they become project-stalling events.

    Sustainability and the Changing Landscape

    We’ve seen industry expectations shift. What once sufficed for early research now gets tested for environmental persistence, trace metal contamination, and end-of-cycle waste profiles. Regulatory scrutiny over halogenated intermediates only grows. We monitor waste streams for trace organochlorines and return more solvents for recycling than ever before. The pressure to lower environmental impact aligns with our operational interests—solvent recovery and careful waste management cost less than emergency remediation and reputation repair after a misstep.

    Upstream, we favor suppliers willing to enforce transparency in their own supply chains. We make unexpected visits, check documentation for chain of custody, and trace reagents to origins that minimize grey market risk. The headaches involved pay dividends—our long-term customers repeatedly cite peace of mind as one reason to return, particularly in a global climate where raw material adulteration can take months to detect but only hours to wreck a project.

    Supporting Innovation, Not Just Transactions

    Our story with 4,6-Dichloro-1H-Indole isn’t a commodity story. Every kilogram sold carries a decade of feedback from true experts: bench scientists, analytical teams, pilot plant techs. Most breakthrough projects that reference this compound in patent filings feature deep structure-activity explorations, where each variation goes through its paces in parallel. Quality lapses cause weeks of lost time—which in such a competitive research landscape, sometimes means the difference between filing first and falling behind.

    We don’t just ship a product and close the book. We field questions on storage, on minor reaction quirks, and crop up in follow-on discussions about scale-up needs. Our staff often pivot to assist troubleshooting or suggest modifications based on real failures observed in the pilot plant. This tight knowledge loop cuts out much of the guesswork for those working under deadline. High-volume contract synthesis shops, in particular, tell us that avoiding three or four messy purification steps in scale-up lowers their total costs by orders of magnitude, even if the up-front expense of a rigorously controlled intermediate runs higher.

    Ongoing Development and Expertise Sharing

    Factory life never stands still. Each year brings changes—a new filtration medium, an alteration in drying protocol to better preserve the indole ring, or a novel analytical test that spots previously undetectable byproducts. We engage with industrial forums, contribute case studies about production challenges, and take part in informal bench-to-bench consultations with process chemists facing comparable issues.

    The trick isn’t simply meeting established purity targets—any operator with modern equipment can offer up numbers to ten decimal places. The real difference shows up in reproducibility, robustness across scales, and reliable compatibility with downstream chemistry. Customers who moved from generic lots to our tightly controlled batches regularly mention a jump in their yields, smoother process validation, and easier regulatory inspections. Our best measure of success continues to be the number of partners returning with requests not just for product, but for process advice and early access to next-generation indole derivatives.

    Conclusion: A Well-Tested Ally in the Lab and Beyond

    Making 4,6-Dichloro-1H-Indole combines practical expertise, regular investment in plant upgrades, and ongoing communication with the researchers who rely on our materials. We’ve weathered raw material crises, regulatory overhauls, staff turnover, and changes in industry priorities. The product we deliver reflects that lived experience. Our steady output supports innovation that extends far beyond our factory gates and continues to push new boundaries in synthetic and discovery chemistry.