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4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride

    • Product Name 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride
    • Alias 4,5-Dichlorophthalic anhydride
    • Einecs 219-685-2
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
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    Specifications

    HS Code

    280554

    Chemicalname 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride
    Casnumber 3041-61-6
    Molecularformula C8H2Cl2O3
    Molecularweight 217.01 g/mol
    Appearance White to off-white crystalline powder
    Meltingpoint 235-238°C
    Boilingpoint Decomposes before boiling
    Solubility Slightly soluble in water, soluble in organic solvents
    Density 1.75 g/cm³ (approximate)
    Purity Typically ≥98%
    Smiles O=C1OC(=O)c2c(Cl)ccc(Cl)c12
    Storagetemperature Store at room temperature, keep container tightly closed
    Hazardclass Irritant

    As an accredited 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing 250g of 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride is packaged in a tightly sealed amber glass bottle with a tamper-evident label.
    Shipping 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride should be shipped in tightly sealed containers, protected from moisture and physical damage. It should be clearly labeled as a hazardous chemical and transported in compliance with local, national, and international regulations. Avoid contact with incompatible materials; ensure ventilation and spill control during handling and shipping processes.
    Storage 4,5-Dichlorophthalic anhydride should be stored in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from moisture, heat, and incompatible substances such as strong bases and water. Protect from humidity to prevent hydrolysis. Keep away from food and drink. Use under a chemical fume hood and follow appropriate safety protocols when handling.
    Application of 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride

    Applications of 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride in Industrial Manufacturing

    4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride serves as a key intermediate in advanced polymer synthesis and specialty chemicals manufacturing. Our facility delivers consistent supply and quality for downstream sectors where technical formulation precision, batch-to-batch consistency, and regulatory compliance are essential. Below, we outline main industrial use cases with specific detail on compliance, technical usage, formulation processes, and resulting end products.

    1. High-Performance Polyimide Resin Production

    Polyimide resins produced with this material are found in electronic insulation, aerospace components, and high-temperature applications. By introducing chlorine atoms into the phthalic anhydride core, formulators achieve enhanced flame resistance and thermal stability, aligning resin properties with stringent performance criteria. Production teams rely on precise adjustment of anhydride-to-diamine ratios for viscosity, cure kinetics, and final temperature threshold.

    Industry compliance standards

    • UL 94 Flammability Standard for Plastics Materials
    • RoHS Directive (Restriction of Hazardous Substances)
    • JIS C5011 Testing Methods for Insulating Materials
    • IPC-4101 Specification for Base Materials for Rigid and Multilayer Printed Boards

    Typical usage ratio

    • 10–25 mol% relative to total dianhydride content; formulation adjusted to balance flame retardance with processability; fine-tuning relative to the target Tg and mechanical profile.

    Downstream process integration

    • Charged during the dianhydride introduction in solution polymerization with diamines; subsequent thermal imidization or chemical curing yields final resin films or molded parts.

    Final product types

    • Flexible printed circuit substrates
    • Wire and cable insulation film
    • Aerospace engine gaskets
    • Flexible display base films

    2. Chlorinated Unsaturated Polyester Resins

    In advanced composites, chlorinated phthalic anhydrides modify unsaturated polyester resins to deliver enhanced chemical corrosion resistance and flame-retardant properties. Industrial customers in building and transport applications value fine-tuned resin formulations for composite lamination, particularly in aggressive chemical environments or for meeting updated fire safety codes.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ASTM E84 Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
    • EN 13501-1 European Reaction to Fire Classification
    • REACH Regulation (EC 1907/2006)
    • ISO 4582 Plastics—Determination of Changes in Color and Variations in Properties

    Typical usage ratio

    • 3–8 wt% in total acid component; altered depending on matrix reactivity, required flame-class, and environmental exposure conditions in the final application.

    Downstream process integration

    • Reacted with glycols and other acids during polyesterification for backbone modification before addition of styrene monomer and peroxide initiators in resin manufacture.

    Final product types

    • FRP (fiber-reinforced plastic) panels for mass transit interiors
    • Chemical-resistant tank linings
    • Sheet molding compounds (SMC) and bulk molding compounds (BMC)
    • Marine composite structures

    3. Synthesis of Chlorinated Dyes and Pigments

    The unique dichloro-substitution pattern on this anhydride enables precise chlorination of anthraquinone and phthalocyanine intermediates during specialty dye and pigment production, impacting color hue stability, resistance to photodegradation, and production yield. Batch producers in the textile and ink industries depend on this intermediate to achieve strict shade reproducibility and compliance with export market dye standards.

    Industry compliance standards

    • Oeko-Tex Standard 100
    • EN 71-3 Safety of Toys—Migration of Certain Elements
    • China GB/T 33394 Testing for Textile Colorants
    • ISO 105 Color Fastness Series

    Typical usage ratio

    • Used at 0.5–3 equivalents relative to main chromogenic intermediate; proportion varies based on required chlorination degree and solubility profile.

    Downstream process integration

    • Introduced during the chlorination or cyclization stage of pigment synthesis prior to sulfonation or metal complexation; controls substitution pattern and enhances photostability.

    Final product types

    • High fastness phthalocyanine blue and green pigments for industrial coatings
    • Disperse dyes for synthetic fibers
    • Solvent-based printing inks
    • UV-stable plastics colorants

    4. Crosslinking Agent in Special Purpose Adhesives

    Chlorinated phthalic anhydrides function as reactants for advanced adhesive formulations that require chemical resistance and adhesion to metals, glass, and specific plastics. By integrating this ingredient during adhesive resin synthesis, manufacturers target high performance in challenging environments such as automotive or electronics assembly.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 4587 Adhesive Bond Strength Test
    • UL 746C Polymeric Adhesives for Electrical and Electronic Use
    • GOST 28840 Adhesive Compositions for the Aerospace Industry
    • REACH SVHC Compliance

    Typical usage ratio

    • 2–10 mol% as crosslinker relative to main polyol or amine functionality; levels adjusted to achieve target lap-shear strength, peel resistance, and gel time.

    Downstream process integration

    • Added during polycondensation or blending of adhesive resins; initiates or accelerates network crosslink formation at controlled temperatures and cure schedules.

    Final product types

    • Epoxy-based structural adhesives for vehicle assembly
    • Hot melt adhesives for electronics module encapsulation
    • Specialty sealants for glass and metal substrates
    • Corrosion-resistant adhesive tapes

    5. Intermediate for Agrochemical Active Ingredient Synthesis

    Specialty agrochemical manufacturers use this dichlorinated phthalic anhydride as a building block for selective herbicide and fungicide molecules. Its chlorinated aromatic ring structure enables regioselective functionalizations that are difficult to achieve with non-halogenated analogs, impacting both synthesis yield and bioactivity of the final API.

    Industry compliance standards

    • FAO/WHO Specifications for Plant Protection Products
    • EPA 40 CFR Part 158 Data Requirements for Pesticides
    • ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management System
    • China GB 2763 Maximum Residue Limits for Pesticides in Food

    Typical usage ratio

    • Used stoichiometrically as intermediate (1:1 to 1:2 relative to target molecule formation), with process development optimizing equivalents for conversion and downstream processing efficiency.

    Downstream process integration

    • Enter synthesis at cyclization or acylation step ahead of further chlorination, nitration, or amine functionalization; maintained under controlled temperature and atmosphere to maximize API yield.

    Final product types

    • Selective broadleaf herbicides
    • Phthalimide-based fungicidal agents
    • Precursor intermediates for research-grade agrochemicals
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    Introducing 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride: Precision Chemistry from Our Plant Floor

    Pushing the Boundaries with Our 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride

    Producing 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride in-house has given us a close-up view of what our customers care about and how rigorous standards matter throughout chemical production. Any manufacturer can discuss purity on paper, but within our own reactors and drying systems, we give attention to critical details that impact real-world performance.

    Our most recent batches of 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride have shown outstanding stability and analytical precision, both key to demanding downstream uses. Sample vials pull crisp, colorless crystals showing minimal trace impurities, evidenced by HPLC runs with an average purity greater than 99.2%. Moisture content sits well below critical thresholds, allowing end users to avoid unwanted hydrolysis or side reactions in polymer synthesis. Each drum or carton coming off our lines is packed with the same attention our own chemists would want for their own experiments or productions.

    Lab teams on-site monitor for heavy metals, and any detectable residue is flagged fast. Many manufacturers talk about quality, but practical hands-on skills—watching for batch variability, correcting during the process, double-checking with spectroscopic methods—ensure our anhydride matches the data on the certificate, not just the catalog. Stability under storage gets just as much attention: sealed packaging in inert-atmosphere liners keeps every shipment as reliable as the day it was manufactured.

    What Sets 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride Apart?

    Making 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride is not the same as producing other phthalic anhydrides or dialkyl derivatives. Molecular structure changes reaction pathways and end-use behavior. The chlorine atoms at the 4 and 5 positions give this anhydride distinct reactivity, which translates into different chemical selectivity and material properties.

    Comparing this compound to unsubstituted phthalic anhydride or 3,6-dichlorophthalic anhydride, users in the resin and polymer industries can see tangible changes in product performance. Substitution on the aromatic ring increases resistance in final polymer networks to both chemical corrosion and environmental degradation. Research and application teams working with advanced coatings, environmental barrier films, or special-purpose adhesives come back to our plant for this product specifically because the chlorinated positions deliver the balance between reactivity and durability that other anhydrides can’t match.

    Our experienced crews understand why downstream processes matter. Using the wrong chlorinated phthalic anhydride in a back-end synthesis cascades into yield losses, off-spec color, or questionable stability. Over the years, feedback from several leading polymer resin groups spurred us to tighten control and develop highly repeatable process windows to deliver the same performance every time—batch after batch.

    Specifications and Consistency: Learning from Every Production Cycle

    Day-to-day production data teaches us that temperature ramps, chlorination rates, and residence times can all influence the final product profile. Through years of scaling up synthesis, our team has balanced efficiency and product purity, never cutting corners because even minor fluctuations can affect the end application's outcome. This has led us to implement continuous-flow monitoring for both conversion rates and byproduct suppression. Our process selectively targets 4,5-dichlorinated isomers, while minimizing 3,6 isomers and other off-target chlorinated compounds.

    Every year brings new projects: Some customers push purity as high as possible for advanced R&D, while others need robust material at large-scale to fill rapid orders. We never rely solely on historic specs—each production run adds data to our control models. If a QC team flags deviation, upstream teams halt and check. This loop has become part of our culture, not a checklist requirement. Our own teams regularly use our 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride to synthesize reference polyesters and acid chlorides, giving firsthand insight into how tweaks in process can affect everything from solubility to color and polymer chain propagation.

    Customers have asked about limits on residual monochlorinated products, ortho-phthalic acid, and low-level metals. In response, we stepped up GC-MS and ion chromatography screens in our labs. It’s not enough to just meet a spec—turnaround time for results and feedback into production closes a feedback loop that minimizes waste and maximizes reliable delivery.

    Direct Experience Translates to Real-World Benefits

    Every time we load raw materials for another run, our operators know the value of attention to upstream inputs. Marginal improvements in reaction control have long-ranging benefits: Fewer off-cycle cleanouts, smoother crystallization profiles, reduced filtration headaches, and satisfied clients who call again for more.

    When customers request custom particle sizes or specific solvent handling, our teams can adjust protocols. Inquiries about downstream milling or blending are routed straight to production staff—never offloaded to vendors who don’t know the plant realities. If a client’s plant runs hot or demands low-dust input, we’ve already tried variations ourselves before recommending a solution.

    We learned that even small changes to drying cycles or crystal handling can impact the final product’s performance in BPA epoxy resins or specialty polyester streams. Lumping and static charge issues came up years ago; we solved those by experimenting with new anti-caking and transfer methods that held up through full-lot shipping and warehousing. The real test for us isn’t a number on a sheet, it’s how our product runs in the customer’s system.

    Understanding How 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride Performs in Use

    Our technical group supports projects using 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride in fields ranging from electrical insulation to medical intermediates. Each application sets its own requirements, but the underlying chemistry does not change. The anhydride group is highly reactive toward nucleophiles, making it a prime feedstock for high-molecular-weight polyesters, engineering plastics, and specialty resins.

    Differences show up quickly against other dichlorinated phthalic anhydrides. In flame-retardant resins for construction, the 4,5-substitution displays superior resistance to hydrolysis, which helps engineers meet tough building codes. Electronics and cable applications demand tight control of ionic content; batch-to-batch precision gives users the confidence that insulation parameters stay within design limits. Multiple tests on our product have shown lower incidence of off-odor in polyurethane-laden foam manufacturing, thanks to lower volatiles in our grade.

    Customer inquiries often focus on color stability—as clear, tint-free coatings and plastics fetch premium value. Our product maintains low APHA values, and every tank undergoes visual checks using both daylight and instrument-based color assessment. Users fabricating optically clear films or specialty sheets get the clarity they demand, because we address the chain from precursor purification to final packaging.

    Process engineers on construction adhesive lines and specialty medical polymer runs often want to know about reactivity ratios. Having processed thousands of kilograms ourselves, we can talk in direct numbers: melt points, reaction times, and workable ranges for stoichiometry. It’s not marketing—it’s knowledge built on direct experience.

    A Commitment to Safety and Environmental Responsibility

    Years of handling large-scale anhydride production have drilled into us a sense of responsibility that covers both worker safety and the environment. Each batch comes with documented traceability, chain-of-custody, and waste handling protocols. We invest regularly in emission scrubbing, closed-cycle solvents, and real-time monitoring of stack outputs.

    Our plant’s waste treatment and abatement systems cut emissions at the source and recover valuable byproducts for reuse or sale. Upstream teams reduce chlorinated solvent use wherever possible—meeting both international and local regulatory standards. Employees periodically rotate through safety audits and process drills to keep everyone aware and ready for the realities of scale. Our goal is to deliver advanced chemistry with minimal risk, both on our site and beyond.

    Over several years, we responded to community and regulatory input about odor, fugitive emissions, and water usage. Upgrades to containment and vapor management systems stopped issues before they reached the community or local rivers. Operating on this scale, we know first-hand that reputation is built batch by batch, not just by drawing up a compliance plan.

    Operational Insights: Solving Ongoing Production Challenges

    Experience counts for more than theoretical knowledge in day-to-day operations. Our production teams monitor not just product purity, but also filter performance, solvent recovery rates, and even packaging line dust control. Technology upgrades may help, but so does the simple act of cross-training crew members on both baseline analytical techniques and on-the-floor troubleshooting.

    Pushback from downstream users prompted us to retool not just purity, but also mechanical handling features. Bulk containers must fit new automated loading bays. End users in advanced composites have asked for specific lot-tracebility codes embedded on every unit, so we overhauled our barcoding and logistics system to meet those needs. This might seem a small thing, but it represents our ethos: Manufacturing is a partnership—what helps our clients helps us.

    Shipping any anhydride means tight tolerances on moisture pickup and integrity of liners. We developed a triple-inspection standard: product comes off the line, weighed, sealed, then each drum or carton is checked for breaches in containment. Our logistics team monitors warehouse temp and humidity day and night, and teams rotate into customer sites to review unloading practices or troubleshoot batch inconsistencies.

    Real Differences from Other Anhydrides

    Walking into the plant, the distinctions between 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride and more general-use phthalic anhydrides show everywhere from batch synthesis logs to color tests. A shift in the position of the chlorine atoms changes nucleophilic addition rates, hydrolysis stability, and long-range property retention in final polymers.

    Through direct experiments, we’ve seen 4,5 substitution gives much lower reactivity toward atmospheric moisture, compared to 3,6 dichlorinated forms—so coatings show better shelf durability in humid storage conditions. Modified polyimides made from our material run smoother, with less inconsistency in chain extension and fewer yellowing problems under finished UV-cured films. For adhesive and specialty medical applications, impurities act as failure points; the tight control bred into our process makes the product less likely to cause those headaches.

    Key differences come out in application testing. End-use customers told us that competitive materials gave off a chlorine smell during melt, signaling unwanted decomposition. By pushing off-gassing tests and shelf-life evaluations, we minimized these issues. On two notable pilot projects, original trials with alternatives ran into color drift and hydrolysis challenges, solved by switching to our in-house 4,5 variant. These lessons feed right back into our QMS and staff retraining.

    Partnership and Innovation—Built from the Ground Up

    Many customers come to us with application challenges, not spec sheets. Every plant line we run for 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride benefits from keeping lines of communication open. We don’t hide process problems. Staff are trained to communicate issues or improvement ideas to lab supervisors, and customer feedback is routed directly back to process leads. Not all formulas are created equal. Some applications need tighter filtration, others benefit from pushing deeper on purity or color. Our capacity to adjust on the fly comes from having laboratory and manufacturing under the same roof.

    Projects with long-time clients have led to several key improvements—tighter spec control, adjusted raw material sourcing, and more robust packaging. Collaborations with researchers pushed innovation around lowering environmental impact, ramp-up speed, and product customization.

    Integrators and formulators have asked about long-term storage, caking resistance, and off-spec material. We learned early that cutting corners to chase output only creates more customer complaints. Instead, trial production allows us to solve problems in real time and respond before challenges hit customer sites. Our QA team maintains records not just for paperwork, but as evidence that process controls translate to better field performance.

    Moving Forward: Focus on Reliability, Safety, and Customer Input

    Routinely checking market trends, supply chain strains, and regulatory shifts keeps us agile. Our facility did not reach today’s standard overnight—every incident report, trial run, and maintenance review built up the confidence and reliability that downstream processors require.

    As more industries move to higher-spec synthesis, electronics, and environmental applications, the bar gets higher. Persistence can’t be faked. We maintain continuous dialogue with our users, shipping test lots, offering plant visits, and digitizing test results for rapid turnaround. Feedback loops with researchers and application scientists make our operations stronger, our batches more reliable, and our commitments more than marketing language.

    Every drum that rolls off our packing line carries the weight of hard-earned progress—where chemistry, engineering, and trust all meet. We view every kilo delivered as both a responsibility and an opportunity to deepen partnerships, ensuring 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride continues to support innovations as the industries around us evolve.