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3-(4-Chlorophenyl)Propanoic Acid

    • Product Name 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)Propanoic Acid
    • Alias hydrocinnamic acid
    • Einecs 212-723-8
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
    VTB
    Specifications

    HS Code

    833494

    Iupac Name 3-(4-chlorophenyl)propanoic acid
    Molecular Formula C9H9ClO2
    Molecular Weight 184.62 g/mol
    Cas Number 1877-73-8
    Appearance White to off-white solid
    Melting Point 139-141°C
    Boiling Point 355.9°C at 760 mmHg
    Solubility In Water Slightly soluble
    Density 1.27 g/cm3
    Smiles C1=CC(=CC=C1CCC(=O)O)Cl
    Inchi InChI=1S/C9H9ClO2/c10-8-4-2-7(3-5-8)1-6-9(11)12/h2-5H,1,6H2,(H,11,12)
    Synonyms 4-Chlorohydrocinnamic acid
    Pka 4.5 (carboxylic acid group)
    Storage Temperature Room temperature
    Refractive Index 1.558

    As an accredited 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)Propanoic Acid factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing White HDPE bottle labeled "3-(4-Chlorophenyl)propanoic acid, 100g, CAS: 645-47-6, For laboratory use, Handle with care."
    Shipping 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)propanoic acid is typically shipped in sealed, chemical-resistant containers to prevent contamination and moisture ingress. The material is classified as non-hazardous for transport but should be handled with care. Standard shipping usually involves labeling for laboratory chemicals, with precautions against excessive heat and direct sunlight during transit.
    Storage Store 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)propanoic acid in a tightly sealed container, away from moisture, direct sunlight, and incompatible substances such as strong oxidizers. Keep in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area at room temperature. Label the storage container clearly, and handle with appropriate personal protective equipment to avoid skin and eye contact. Follow all relevant safety and disposal regulations.
    Application of 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)Propanoic Acid

    Applications of 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)Propanoic Acid in Industrial Manufacturing

    As a specialized producer of 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)propanoic acid, we support global industrial partners with consistent quality and precise specifications for advanced material synthesis. Below are major application segments using this compound as a key building block, each supported by distinct regulatory frameworks, technical usage insights, integration practices, and examples of finished products.

    1. Pharmaceutical Intermediate for Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

    Pharmaceutical manufacturers employ 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)propanoic acid as a core intermediate for synthesis of specific NSAID compounds due to its chlorinated aromatic structure, which contributes to desired pharmacodynamic profiles. It is crucial during the acylation and condensation stages of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) generation, especially when targeting production of new aryl propionic acid derivatives.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ICH Q7 Good Manufacturing Practice for APIs
    • Ph. Eur., USP, JP monographs for intermediates (where applicable)
    • EU Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH) for raw material use
    • FDA 21 CFR Part 210/211 Manufacturing Practices

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.7 – 1.5 molar equivalents relative to final API target depending on process yield and required purity grade
    • Ratio adjusted based on batch process efficiency and impurity control

    Downstream process integration

    • Introduced after initial alkylation/isomerization step for target aryl-propanoic structure formation
    • Used as primary feedstock in Grignard, Friedel–Crafts, or esterification reactions
    • Quality control includes HPLC and GC-MS impurity profiling post-synthesis
    • Residue limits monitored throughout further purification stages before API coupling or derivatization

    Final product types

    • Ethyl 3-(4-chlorophenyl)propanoate (intermediate for analgesic APIs)
    • Arylpropionic NSAIDs (e.g., research analogues related to ibuprofen family)
    • Synthetic intermediates supplied for proprietary pain relief formulations
    • Pre-clinical and clinical batch API materials

    2. Agrochemical Synthesis for Herbicide Formulations

    Producers of modern herbicidal agents integrate 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)propanoic acid for the targeted development of aryl-based plant growth regulators and weed management chemicals. Its integration is vital during core molecule assembly stages, allowing for the introduction of selective activity via substitution patterns.

    Industry compliance standards

    • FAO/WHO Specifications for Plant Protection Products
    • EU Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 Plant Protection Product Authorization
    • OECD Principle of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) during formulation trials
    • US EPA 40 CFR Part 158 (Data requirements for pesticide registration)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 5–15% w/w of precursor mix based on target molecule yield
    • Adjusted for degree of chlorination and reaction selectivity

    Downstream process integration

    • Condensed with aliphatic amines or alcohols during early-stage synthesis
    • Intermediate in chlorophenoxy herbicide production lines
    • Raw material addition monitored for exothermic control and minimum impurity carry-over
    • Used pre-crystallization to ensure uniform distribution in final actives

    Final product types

    • Aryl-based herbicide actives (custom analogs for selective crop application)
    • Precursor for plant growth modulation agents
    • Granular and suspension concentrate herbicide formulations
    • Selective non-systemic weed control compounds

    3. Fine Chemical Synthesis: Fragrance and Aroma Compounds

    The specialty fragrance sector utilizes 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)propanoic acid in the formulation of advanced aromatic intermediates, essential for custom musk and spicy notes. Reactor integration focuses on creating base molecules for value-added blending within luxury or technical perfumery applications.

    Industry compliance standards

    • IFRA (International Fragrance Association) Safety Standards
    • REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 for chemical substances in fragrances
    • ISO 9001:2015 for quality management in fine chemical production
    • Specific client-supplied purity and contaminant profiles

    Typical usage ratio

    • 2–8% by weight as a feedstock in target aromatic core synthesis
    • Adapts to end fragrance concentration and stability requirements

    Downstream process integration

    • Initiated in acylation or reduction–alkylation reactions to define target aromatic backbone
    • Blending carried out with alcohols or aldehydes post-purification
    • GC-HRMS used for trace off-odor monitoring and batch certification
    • Batch residue management for low-odor thresholds

    Final product types

    • Fragrance intermediates—chlorinated aromatic blends
    • Musk analog precursor compounds
    • Fine fragrance base chemicals for personal care
    • Technical perfumery components for industrial formulations

    4. Synthesis of Specialty Polymers for Coatings

    Manufacturers of high-performance polymer coatings adopt 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)propanoic acid as a key functionalized monomer contributor to enhance thermal stability or specific interaction with substrate materials. It provides tailored polarity and chain rigidity for specialty resins used in industrial and automotive coatings.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ASTM D2565 and D522 for weathering and flexibility in coatings
    • ISO 14001:2015 Environmental Management
    • RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU for hazardous substance restrictions
    • ISO 9001 for quality assurance of polymer blends

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.5–2% molar equivalent in copolymer composition relative to total monomer charge
    • Proportion determined by required hardness and adhesion properties

    Downstream process integration

    • Charged during pre-polymer mixing step for copolymerization
    • Functionalization via condensation or ring-opening polymerization
    • In-process viscosity monitored to maintain uniform application
    • Cured in situ with crosslinkers for enhanced anti-corrosion properties

    Final product types

    • Specialty coating resins for industrial metal finishing
    • Protective topcoats for automotive components
    • Customized clear and pigmented protective paints
    • Polymer-modified adhesives with improved chemical resistance
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    3-(4-Chlorophenyl)Propanoic Acid: Production Insights and Practical Value

    Transforming Raw Potential into Reliable Performance

    Every day in our synthesis plant, we handle a family of aromatic acids that shape downstream chemistry and industry outcomes. Among these, 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)Propanoic Acid regularly draws attention from R&D labs, scale-up managers, and purchasing specialists with an eye for consistent results. As a producer, we live at the center of this demand, listening to chemists and market needs, scaling up based on real-world feedback rather than catalog copy. Our teams keep their boots on the factory floor, guiding every batch from raw feedstock to crystalline finished product.

    For us, the journey from chlorobenzene derivatives to a pure white acid holds real technical meaning. We select reagents and reaction controls based on years of hands-on process trials, not just theoretical endpoints. Where a customer wants high purity, no strange odor, and reactivity they can count on, we see those requirements in terms of the practical steps—choice of solvents, agitation rates, fractionating columns, and temperature curves that we have tuned across thousands of kilos. Chromatography and titration data inform our quality checks, but so do the informal standards set by synthetic chemists who use our acid as a building block in both small and industrial scales.

    Meeting Real Chemical Needs: Not Just a Catalog Entry

    Unlike distributors, we don’t treat 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)Propanoic Acid as just another item on a shelf. Every run tells a story about small variables, including how reactor conditions shift season by season and tweaks in work-up steps that ultimately influence final crystallinity. From our perspective, it’s not enough to tick off HPLC assays or satisfy COA templates; sharp-eyed partners in pharma research or fragrance intermediates taste and see the difference batch by batch. That’s why the feedback loop—between what leaves our reactor and what arrives in labs—matters so much.

    Clients trust this product because they’ve seen what small inconsistencies cost: fouled catalysts, downstream separation headaches, or trace impurities that break bioactivity. Over the years, the applications have broadened, driven by the confidence that a kilogram delivered with just the right melting point and minimum unwanted byproducts will let a medicinal workflow or new agrochemical intermediate move forward without hesitation.

    The Rationale for Process Choices in Synthesis

    Our team approaches synthesis like seasoned cooks. The best results don’t come from following a spreadsheet, but from recognizing which synthesis pathway is best suited to both scale and purity. For 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)Propanoic Acid, our preferred approach starts with a Friedel-Crafts-type reaction, but we’ve refined each gear: how much Lewis acid to add, when to chase down trace chlorinated side-products, and how long to polish the product in mother liquor for the cleanest separation. We choose solvents and pH adjustment steps based on the repeatability they deliver, not just how cheaply we can source them. If a cheaper solvent leads to increased impurity profiles or headaches in downstream cleanup, we see it directly in production efficiency and waste stream control.

    Unlike some other aromatic carboxylic acids, whose production tolerates a wider impurity margin, 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)Propanoic Acid demands a balance between throughput and control. We’ve learned that a slower, lower-temperature workup leads to superior crystallinity and a less variable melting range. This is the kind of lesson that might seem academic until you’re scaling past 500-kilo batches and every hour of process time means both cost and risk.

    Where the Difference Becomes Apparent: Applications and Expectations

    The main users of 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)Propanoic Acid sit in sectors that care intensely about consistency. In pharmaceutical intermediates, this acid forms a backbone for molecules where the aromaticity and chlorinated substituent can’t tolerate cross-contamination or trace isomers. Our partners in fragrance intermediates depend on razor-sharp physical data—color, particle size, and melting point—because product purity directly influences their formulation’s stability and aroma-release profile.

    Some buyers compare 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)Propanoic Acid to similar acids like 4-chlorobenzoic or 3-chlorocinnamic, but the difference can be felt in the downstream chemistry. Our acid’s three-carbon propanoic chain gives it greater solubility in certain organic phases, smoother reactivity during amidation steps, and in some cases even a more manageable crystalline morphology that helps speed up filtration and drying. It’s more than an incremental improvement; the unique structural balance often yields better yields and time savings across several synthetic routes.

    Downstream, our bulk customers usually deploy it in the early phases of multi-step syntheses—either coupling to nitrogen groups, reducing, or cyclizing to form more complex scaffolds. In each scenario, a little more residual solvent or an extra tenth of a percent of unreacted starting material translates to lab headaches and failed scale-ups. Our focus is on removing those obstacles before the acid ever leaves our site.

    Reliability from Decades of Operational Experience

    Some see chemicals as simple commodities, but every experienced plant hand knows the real world complicates that picture. Sourcing overseas sometimes tempts the unwary with promises of low costs, but overlooked differences in purification or process safeguards can lead to entirely different impurity profiles or stability issues in storage. We’ve spent years optimizing crystallization, drying, and packaging so the acid makes it through variable climates and international transit without caking, clumping, or yellowing.

    Our technical staff regularly test retained samples from past lots against today’s standards, making concrete, not theoretical, improvements. If a barrel sits longer than usual in a partner warehouse, we want it to pour the same as the day we shipped it. An investment in robust packaging and consistent moisture content isn’t a detail—it’s how reliable downstream synthesis is guaranteed.

    Comparisons with Parallel Aromatic Acids

    Chemists often compare 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)Propanoic Acid with related acids, looking for the sweet spot between reactivity and solubility, handling and stability. Our experience shows that while some competitors push for ultra-high purity grades, the real performance gains in most reactions come from finishing steps—granule handling, dryness, surface morphology—that producers alone can control.

    We’ve studied how small structural differences, such as the position of the chlorine atom or length of the side chain, affect final properties. The para-chlorine on the phenyl ring, coupled with a propanoic acid side chain, allows for stronger electron-withdrawing activity than ortho-derivatives or unsubstituted propanoic acids, which shows up in both NMR data and reaction selectivity. These features frequently appear in modern agrochemical syntheses and advanced medicinal scaffolds, chosen for their reliable transformation during hydrogenation or cross-coupling.

    Working from hands-on process records rather than theoretical tables, our batch data reveals a pattern: acids with shorter chains (like benzoic or 4-chlorobenzoic) often crystallize harder and dissolve slower, holding up process trains and increasing both time and cost. We take these insights, communicate with formulators and research leads, and reflect real feedback in product handling and quality assurance cycles.

    Process Integrity: What Product Quality Looks Like on the Floor

    There’s little glamour in bulk chemical synthesis, but the stakes are high when a missed spec or miscalculated impurity sinks a kilo-scale run. In our facilities, we screen not just for purity by HPLC and melting point, but also for what customers can’t always describe up front: how easy it is to transfer, dissolve, weigh, and store the product. Every operator knows the frustration of a clogging filter or a batch that cakes during transit—details that don’t show up in ISO audits, but matter every day in the lab and on the line.

    Our adherence to process control comes less from regulatory pressure than from a sense of responsibility. The reliability that lets a researcher order with confidence, knowing their timelines won’t be derailed by mystery batches, flows from incremental improvements—fine-tuning temperatures by a degree or two, changing batch volumes, and comparing old lots with new throughput data. These habits, picked up over years of production, shape a chemical that’s ready to serve real, demanding needs.

    Troubleshooting and Consistency: Lessons from Batch History

    Every so often, a plant run surprises us. Maybe a heat exchanger fouls, or the distillation endpoint drifts during a change in ambient humidity. Rather than shrug off these details, we keep close production notes and check shipment samples against hold-back reserves for at least a year. This approach isn’t always the fastest, but it turns unpredictable variables into trackable metrics. Engineers and chemists meet every month to review process KPIs, troubleshoot what didn’t work, and adjust for upcoming campaigns.

    For customers juggling tight supply chains, this approach means access to a product that behaves the same despite evolving regulations, seasonal feedstock variability, and changing logistics. Consistency is rarely an accident. Clear records, willing QA teams, and frequent internal benchmarking keep our offers steady when others cut corners for short-term gains.

    Why Our Model and Specifications Matter in Practice

    We formulate 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)Propanoic Acid to balance purity, shelf-stability, and practical handling, because these are the features our research and manufacturing partners demand. Typical lots run higher than 99% purity (as seen by HPLC area), with closely monitored chloride, water, and color content. Beyond checkbox specs, we invest in packaging and drying to bypass the most common headaches—lumping in storage, fluctuating bulk density, or slow dissolve times.

    Every production decision—reactor jacket temperature, vacuum level, crystallizer run-down—stems from actual use patterns, not just regulatory targets or supplier mandates. For bulk buyers managing days-long production campaigns or research chemists prepping a few hundred grams for a pivotal screen, the difference is practical: fewer surprise inorganics, ultra-consistent major peaks, and a drop-in ready acid that meets or exceeds ERP expectations.

    Supporting Chemists with Solutions, Not Empty Guarantees

    Years of feedback from both seasoned researchers and new start-ups steer our continuous improvements. Requests for improved dissolution, tighter impurity specs, or more robust delivery formats don’t go unheeded. Batch records, regular project reviews, and fast support mean we don’t offer a take-it-or-leave-it product—we partner with our customers to solve genuine constraints. Every request for alternate mesh size, dryer end-point adjustment, or improved tamper-proof seals comes from real-world stories of lost material or lab slow-downs. This direct engagement means our 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)Propanoic Acid continually adapts alongside both industrial and scientific needs.

    Challenges Unique to Production: Risks, Rewards, Progress

    Process chemistry never stands still. New environmental and safety mandates force critical changes in waste treatment and emission control. Each season, we revisit the full scope of our raw materials—chlorinated hydrocarbons are tightly watched and each change brings risk to both impurity profiles and costs. Our years of plant data guide process modifications to maintain end-product integrity. We view regulatory tightening as a push to improve upstream and downstream robustness rather than a threat to reliability.

    Robust batch records, proactive training plans, and detailed root-cause analyses after any deviation set a foundation for both repeatability and innovation. It’s standard for our team to rerun older synthetic routes, benchmark against the latest in green chemistry, and review off-gases for recyclability. Each change, no matter how small, is validated with a fresh panel of QC checks and retainer samples. This approach, ingrained through decades of process improvement, keeps quality stable while allowing progress in both safety and sustainability.

    Looking Ahead: Building Confidence Batch by Batch

    Reliability in chemical production rests on a thousand details few outsiders ever see. Each batch of 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)Propanoic Acid draws on real plant knowledge, practical feedback from partners, and a willingness to correct and improve with every cycle. Research breakthroughs and manufacturing success stories quietly hinge on a steady stream of consistent feedstock, and we see our role as an enabler—not by touting vague “quality” claims but by showing the records, performance data, and transparent changes that build long-term trust. Consistency takes work, not just at the level of the molecule, but also in the daily habits that make each delivery as reliable as the last.

    From our vantage point, 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)Propanoic Acid stands not as a theoretical spec on a price list, but as the result of careful, iterative practice. It’s the sum of lessons learned in scale-up, hours spent scrutinizing unexpected filters, and the ongoing decision to deliver only what we’d want to see in our own lab. Our aim is to provide users—however they deploy this versatile compound—with a starting point they can trust, process after process, year after year.