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2-Chloroanthraquinone

    • Product Name 2-Chloroanthraquinone
    • Alias 2-Chloroanthracene-9,10-dione
    • Einecs 202-168-4
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
    VTB
    Specifications

    HS Code

    877226

    Chemical Name 2-Chloroanthraquinone
    Cas Number 84-45-9
    Molecular Formula C14H7ClO2
    Molecular Weight 246.66
    Appearance Yellow powder
    Melting Point 156-159°C
    Boiling Point 444.6°C at 760 mmHg
    Density 1.44 g/cm3
    Solubility Insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents
    Purity Typically ≥98%
    Canonical Smiles C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C2Cl
    Ec Number 201-519-1
    Synonyms 2-Chloro-9,10-anthracenedione
    Flash Point 222.1°C
    Storage Store at room temperature, keep container tightly closed

    As an accredited 2-Chloroanthraquinone factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing A 100g amber glass bottle with a screw cap, labeled "2-Chloroanthraquinone," includes hazard symbols and handling instructions.
    Shipping 2-Chloroanthraquinone is typically shipped as a solid packed in sealed, chemical-resistant containers to prevent moisture or contamination. It should be labeled according to relevant hazardous material regulations. The shipment is handled by trained personnel, ensuring the package is secure and protected from physical damage, excessive heat, and direct sunlight during transit.
    Storage **2-Chloroanthraquinone** should be stored in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from incompatible materials such as strong oxidizing agents. Protect it from moisture, heat, and direct sunlight. Ensure the storage area is equipped to manage chemical spills and is clearly labeled. Follow all relevant safety and regulatory guidelines for chemical storage.
    Application of 2-Chloroanthraquinone

    Applications of 2-Chloroanthraquinone in Industrial Manufacturing

    As an established manufacturer of 2-Chloroanthraquinone, we supply this versatile intermediate to a range of defined industrial sectors. The following application breakdown demonstrates distinct integration pathways, regulatory frameworks, dosage parameters, and resulting downstream products in each core industry utilizing this compound.

    1. Vat Dye Manufacturing

    Leading dye producers use 2-Chloroanthraquinone as a key intermediate in the synthesis of anthraquinone-based vat dyes. These dyes require precise halogenation and subsequent condensation reactions. Quality yield and chromatographic purity depend on controlled incorporation of the chlorine-substituted anthraquinone during the oxidative stage. The raw material directly influences color strength and fastness properties of the target vat dyes, used extensively in cellulose fiber coloration.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ZDHC MRSL (Zero Discharge of Hazardous Chemicals Manufacturing Restricted Substances List)
    • OEKO-TEX Standard 100
    • ISO 105-C06:2010 (Textile color fastness to washing)
    • REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006

    Typical usage ratio

    • 8%–15% of total dye batch weight; ratio adjusted based on targeted chromatographic profile and purity specification

    Downstream process integration

    • Fed into condensation reactors after initial anthraquinone chlorination step
    • Reacted with alkali and reducing agents during dye core formation
    • Purification post-synthesis to remove isomers and side products
    • Quality control via HPLC and spectrophotometric methods post-integration

    Final product types

    • Vat Blue RSN
    • Vat Green B
    • Vat Orange 3
    • Cellulose fiber dyes for yarns and fabrics

    2. Agrochemical Synthesis (Pesticide Intermediates)

    Agrochemical manufacturers value this intermediate for its selective substitution, which is essential in the multi-step synthesis of certain herbicides and fungicides. The material feeds into chlorination and condensation steps where precise chlorine positioning affects both yield and bioactivity. Each batch of this raw ingredient passes comprehensive in-process quality checks, ensuring it meets residue and purity guidelines for downstream crop protection products.

    Industry compliance standards

    • FAO/WHO Specifications for Plant Protection Products
    • ISO 9001:2015 (Quality Management Systems)
    • EU Regulation 1107/2009 concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market
    • Chinese GB 2763-2021 Maximum Residue Limits for Pesticides in Food

    Typical usage ratio

    • 6%–12% of finished active ingredient synthesis; actual addition adjusted based on synthetic route and desired purity

    Downstream process integration

    • Introduced at early stage in multi-step synthesis (e.g., initial nucleophilic substitution)
    • Intermediate isolated and purified before coupling with functional groups
    • Monitored by GC-MS for residual impurity and trace analysis
    • Feeds directly into final formulation after structural validation

    Final product types

    • Chlorinated anthraquinone herbicides
    • Precursor for anti-fungal agrochemicals
    • Intermediate for rice paddy weed control agents
    • Non-selective agricultural pesticides

    3. Pharmaceutical Intermediate for Antineoplastic Agents

    Select pharmaceutical manufacturers use this material as an advanced intermediate in the semi-synthetic pathway toward anthraquinone-based chemotherapeutics. The purity, trace metal content, and residual solvents in each lot must conform to strict pharmacopoeial limits. Pharmaceutical formulators monitor every integration step, as even minor impurities can affect downstream toxicology and pharmacodynamics of the finished medicine.

    Industry compliance standards

    • USP-NF (United States Pharmacopeia–National Formulary)
    • EP (European Pharmacopoeia)
    • ICH Q7 GMP for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
    • FDA 21 CFR Part 210 & 211 (cGMP for Finished Pharmaceuticals)

    Typical usage ratio

    • Typically 4%–8% of target molecule input mass, adjusted to synthetic path and purity needs for final API

    Downstream process integration

    • Entry during the halogenation or condensation step in small-molecule synthesis chain
    • Subjected to strict in-process control: HPLC, heavy metals screening, water content analysis
    • Final step includes removal of residual 2-Chloroanthraquinone to USP limits
    • Used as direct precursor in anthraquinone cytotoxic compound production

    Final product types

    • Anthraquinone-based antineoplastics (e.g., intermediate for Mitoxantrone synthesis)
    • Precursor molecule for experimental anticancer APIs
    • Oncology drug development compounds for clinical R&D
    • Advanced pharmaceutical intermediates for export

    4. Specialty Pigment Production

    2-Chloroanthraquinone is a strategic intermediate for pigment producers creating specialty organic pigments for plastics and coatings. The molecule’s chlorine moiety improves color yield and pigment stability, especially in high-temperature and outdoor applications. Downstream processes require careful integration, as excess impurity or isomerization impacts both hue and dispersibility of the pigment concentrate, which is later formulated into plastics and coatings for automotive, electronics, and packaging industries.

    Industry compliance standards

    • EN 71-3:2019 (Migration of certain elements – Safety of toys pigment guideline)
    • ASTM D476 Standard Classification for Dry Pigmentary Titanium Dioxide Products
    • ISO 9001:2015 Quality Assurance
    • RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU for pigments used in electronics and electrical goods

    Typical usage ratio

    • 10%–17% of pigment synthesis batch; actual use based on target chroma and dispersibility profile

    Downstream process integration

    • Introduced after initial anthraquinone ring construction during pigment crystal formation
    • Chlorine group facilitates specific coupling reactions with pigment developers
    • Results in enhanced light and weather fastness in final pigment structure
    • Pigment paste undergoes milling and finishing before shipment

    Final product types

    • High-performance organic pigments for engineering plastics
    • Pigment dispersions for automotive paints
    • Colored masterbatch granules for polymer compounding
    • UV-stable pigments for outdoor signage and packaging

    5. Chemical Photoinitiators for Polymerization

    Producers of photoinitiators for UV-cured coatings and printing inks incorporate 2-Chloroanthraquinone to enhance absorption properties and initiation efficiency. Its precise placement in the photoinitiator molecular structure results in improved polymerization control under UV exposure. Manufacturing lines carefully integrate the compound in targeted stages to optimize reactivity for specific application requirements, including high-speed automated production environments.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 11890-2:2013 (Determination of volatile organic compounds in coatings)
    • Swiss Ordinance on Materials and Articles in Contact with Food (SR 817.023.21)
    • EuPIA Exclusion Policy for Printing Inks
    • GMP Regulation (EC) 2023/2006 for food contact inks and coatings

    Typical usage ratio

    • 5%–9% in photoinitiator synthesis protocol; precise loading set by end-use polymer matrix and curing speed

    Downstream process integration

    • Added to photoinitiator core synthesis during aromatic substitution steps
    • Integration point set to modulate UV absorption spectrum in target ink/coating system
    • Purified via solvent extraction and recrystallization for high-purity demand
    • Undergoes batch QC: UV-Vis scan and functional group analysis

    Final product types

    • UV-curable coating photoinitiators
    • Free-radical initiators for digital inkjet inks
    • Food packaging UV-cured overprint varnishes
    • Silicone release layer initiator blends
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    Competitive 2-Chloroanthraquinone prices that fit your budget—flexible terms and customized quotes for every order.

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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    2-Chloroanthraquinone: Reliable Consistency for Specialty Applications

    Real Experience in Manufacturing 2-Chloroanthraquinone

    Over the years, we’ve produced metric tons of 2-Chloroanthraquinone for demanding industrial users. Chemical manufacturing is a hands-on business—reactors need close supervision, and each batch must hit tight targets or customers will let us know, fast. What we’ve learned from decades in production holds true for the entire anthraquinone family: purity, residue profile, and crystal morphology all affect how well downstream products turn out for end users. If we miss the mark on those, our buyers see it in the form of clumpy mixtures, unpredictable color yield, or worse, product recalls in their own operations.

    We produce 2-Chloroanthraquinone with an assay that consistently runs above 98 percent, verified by advanced analytical methods. Trace moisture, iron, and related by-products are checked in every batch—organic pigment manufacturers and fine chemical formulators tell us this level of screening sidesteps headaches with dispersibility and shelf life. There’s no guesswork: our final material pours out as light yellow crystals or powder, no streaks or off-odors. We keep particle size distribution within a narrow band, which means fewer complaints about settling or inconsistent tint.

    Practical Uses That Demand Reliability

    2-Chloroanthraquinone has a focused but critical role in chemical manufacturing. The colorant industry leans heavily on this molecule as both a raw intermediate and a performance booster in anthraquinone-based dyes, especially vat and disperse types. Its chlorine atom changes dye shade strength, fastness properties, and solubility in key ways that unsubstituted anthraquinone or other halogenated versions cannot match. If the molecular weight is off, or if contaminants creep in, color batches shift unexpectedly, leading to loss of time and product. Paper mills and textile manufacturers also depend on 2-Chloroanthraquinone for special applications—it ends up in reactive bleaching accelerators and even as a critical additive in select electrochemical processes.

    In pigment plants, our customers blend 2-Chloroanthraquinone to generate colorfast, high-lift violet and blue dyes for plastics, coatings, and fibers. Isomer purity sits at the top of their checklist: mixes contaminated by over-chlorinated or mis-substituted impurities throw off future reactions, eating up rework costs and capacity. Stability in storage matters too, since small shifts in crystalline water or surface contaminants influence how well finished dyes disperse in solvents. Many of our end users noticed less equipment fouling and better batch yields after we tuned our drying and filtration practices years ago—less dust, fewer filter changes, smoother liquid handling downstream.

    Specification Details from Real-World Production

    As a producer, we focus on a few critical parameters:

    We’ve invested in enclosed milling and pneumatic transfer systems to keep contaminants out. These machines cut down on metal leaching or oil contamination that’s so common with older open grinders. Our QC staff verifies not just every finished lot, but grabs in-line samples straight from the reactor—so records exist for tracebacks if a shipment faces questions months after delivery.

    Packaging makes a difference, especially for exporters moving large volumes overseas. Our team triple-checks bag liners for compatibility with 2-Chloroanthraquinone. At customer request, we switch between fiber drums and stacked multi-wall bags, always with tamper seals for security. Sticking to these standards means our product lands at the final plant exactly as it left our warehouse, with no question marks about condition or identity.

    What Separates 2-Chloroanthraquinone from Similar Chemicals

    Within the anthraquinone family, subtle differences drive user preference. 1-Chloroanthraquinone and 2,6-dichloroanthraquinone both turn up in dye chemistry, but they behave differently on the bench and in reactors. 2-Chloroanthraquinone stands out for its selectivity—it can deliver cleaner intermediates, which reduces fuss in purification steps. Dyes and pigments manufactured from our product show stable, predictable spectral properties, and less batch-to-batch drift. In the final textile, this stability means long-lasting color and less fading after washing.

    Customers in pharmaceutical synthesis have pointed out other practical differences. The position of the chlorine atom influences reaction pathways in specialty drug intermediates, making some steps more efficient or giving sharper, single peak chromatograms. 2-Chloroanthraquinone tends to resist unwanted side reactions, so yields go up and purification becomes less painful. Less by-product means less waste and simpler effluent treatment for compliance-minded factories. These aren’t theoretical advantages—they show up in operating margins and on shop floors.

    We’ve worked with buyers who once substituted with unsubstituted anthraquinone or mixed-halogen versions. Almost always, these swaps come with trade-offs: inconsistent pigment loading, shifting color tones in plastics or fibers, or extra regulatory paperwork due to new impurities. After switching to high-purity 2-Chloroanthraquinone, most return for repeat orders because they see process improvements that make a difference. Stable granule size means fewer caking complaints in high-humidity sites. Bulk orders get used up before any must be scrapped for age or water pick-up, making purchasing more predictable.

    Supporting Responsible Manufacturing and Downstream Safety

    Our plant maintains steady engagement with chemical health and environmental watchdogs. Over the years, our process engineers have replaced legacy chlorination methods with closed-loop reactors to minimize fugitive emissions and operator exposure. Safety protocols aren’t just paperwork—they show up as clean air inside the plant and in surrounding neighborhoods. Our containment approach prevents leakage of both dust and process solvents, with investments in scrubbers and stack monitoring. From a regulatory perspective, investing in on-site wastewater treatment allows us to return water to local streams consistently within permitted limits.

    Customers regularly ask for data on restricted metals and persistent organic pollutants. We track these as standard practice, reporting not only to buyers but to local authorities. By sticking with cleaner, lower-residue 2-Chloroanthraquinone, paint and textile plants can maintain simpler inventory records and reduce hazardous material handling fees. Several European customers have remarked that having full batch traceability accelerates their own risk assessments and shortens compliance time for downstream regulatory filings.

    No process runs without challenges. Crystal caking during high-humidity months once forced us to rethink our storage protocols. By upgrading warehouse HVAC and automating bulk powder transfer, we protect customers’ inventories as well as our own. Another point of learning: customers in tropical regions need tighter moisture specs than temperate clients. Our technical team now adapts production drying steps throughout the year, so every delivery meets expectations no matter the season or location.

    Lab Support, Troubleshooting, and Technical Partnership

    We don’t just ship sacks and wheel out paperwork. Every year, our technical team fields queries from dye plants and R&D labs about performance tweaks. Sometimes, a downstream developer encounters color drift during scale-up, or a new pigment user faces dispersion problems. We keep reserve samples of past batches, so we can trace composition differences and recommend next steps. Many times, a minor change in particle size or trace ion content will solve a color stability issue or improve shelf life. Our ability to share full analysis helps our buyers fine-tune their own processes and avoid wasted effort.

    Our lab personnel perform regular pilot-scale syntheses of value-added anthraquinone derivatives, keeping our knowledge fresh and responsive to changes in end-user demand. Occasionally, a public regulation tightens up on trace halides or introduces new reporting on organic residues. Because we track these variables as a matter of course, we can provide certificates and compliance reports faster than many competitors or resellers who don’t own their recipes. This gives our customers leverage with their own regulators and business partners—shortening product launch cycles and reducing risk of non-compliance penalties.

    We support bulk and specialty users equally. Whether your process uses an entire truckload each month or requests 15 kilograms for a new line extension, we maintain production volumes so delivery timelines and batch consistency hold up. Several times per year, clients visit our facility for process audits or raw material qualification. We open our production logs, demonstrate in-line monitoring, and show real plants running in real time. We find that this transparency fosters trust, sharper feedback, and longer contracts.

    Challenges of 2-Chloroanthraquinone Sourcing and Ways Forward

    Several global trends have shaped how 2-Chloroanthraquinone reaches users. Volatility in the upstream chlorine market and shifts in anthraquinone demand sometimes cause delays. In these moments, plant operations rest on practical improvisations—stretching raw stock, prioritizing essential users, or running smaller batch sizes. We maintain reserved feedstock inventory for periods of high demand or logistical bottlenecks. Our logistics staff routinely audits transport conditions and customs registrations to avoid spoilage or export hiccups along the way. Supply chain headaches remain real, but steady production and contingency planning help us maintain reliable service.

    The need for ever-lower environmental impact shapes most of the investments we make in upgrading plant infrastructure. By transitioning to energy-efficient distillation towers, we’ve reduced both operating costs and greenhouse gas output. Pilot trials of greener oxidizing agents are already shifting some batch lines away from legacy reagents. Feedback from buyers who require long-term certification or approval for environmental audits helps us justify and direct new investments. We have also moved to digital batch tracking, which provides real-time traceability and supports quick recall if industry standards change.

    Emerging regulatory standards for impurity thresholds and worker safety prompt ongoing collaboration between chemists, operators, and supply chain staff. We run regular training sessions on new best practices, from personal protective gear to waste minimization strategies. For downstream buyers impacted by jurisdictional policy shifts in chemical management or hazardous labeling, we share practical risk management strategies—starting with transparency in composition reporting and extending to support for client safety documentation.

    Innovation Driven by End-User Feedback

    Process operators and lab managers in major pigment houses often give us an early look at their biggest headaches. Sometimes, market expectations shift mid-stream—a tighter color matching spec, a sudden call for trace contaminant reduction, or an entire new product category to serve. We field these requests quickly. Recently, calls for advanced filtration materials with even lower ash and residual metal profiles pushed us to add a supplementary purification step. By testing these improvements on actual incoming user queries, trial partners confirm what impacts real production before any changes scale up plant-wide.

    Our product management approach remains hands-on. We send technical representatives to major trade events and participate in industry consortia where performance and compliance data get shared. Lessons learned from regulatory inspections—both ours and our clients—inform both our daily practices and product innovation. In doing so, we keep our product line at the forefront of what specialty chemical customers actually want, not just what old product linecards dictate.

    Many buyers favor stable supply lines and open conversation about upstream sourcing and downstream application. Treating production as a long-term partnership, not just a series of shipments, pays off. Clients who loop us in on their challenges—be it process scale up, market expansion, or new compliance demands—give us insights that lead to better 2-Chloroanthraquinone quality and more robust documentation.

    Connecting Consistency and Reputation

    Purchase managers and technical buyers tell us they look for more than a COA and a low price. Consistency builds a chemical manufacturer’s reputation. 2-Chloroanthraquinone needs to arrive ready for direct integration into downstream blending, offering reliable solubility and chemical behavior every time. By engaging with customer feedback, investing in process control, and focusing on batch reproducibility, we sustain loyal partnerships and contribute directly to the success of pigment and dye production worldwide.

    Our years of experience have taught us that diligence at every production step matters—clean sourcing, rigorous process monitoring, and an ear to the ground for shifting regulatory or end-use requirements. Compared to back-office traders or one-time brokers, we live with the consequences of our product’s performance. That focus pushes us to maintain reliability, adapt to new challenges, and respond to evolving needs—minute by minute, batch by batch.