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2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline

    • Product Name 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline
    • Alias Dihydroxyquinoxaline
    • Einecs 207-361-2
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
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    Specifications

    HS Code

    473984

    Chemical Name 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline
    Molecular Formula C8H6N2O2
    Molecular Weight 162.15 g/mol
    Cas Number 555-77-1
    Appearance Light yellow crystalline powder
    Melting Point 297-300 °C
    Solubility In Water Slightly soluble
    Boiling Point Decomposes before boiling
    Density 1.56 g/cm³ (approximate)
    Smiles C1=CC2=NC(=C(C(=N2)O)O)C=C1
    Inchi InChI=1S/C8H6N2O2/c11-7-6-4-2-1-3-5(6)9-8(12)10-7/h1-4,11-12H
    Storage Conditions Store at room temperature, protected from light

    As an accredited 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing A 25-gram amber glass bottle, securely sealed, labeled with "2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline" and hazard warnings, suitable for laboratory use.
    Shipping 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline is shipped in tightly sealed containers, protected from light and moisture, and may be classified as a non-hazardous chemical for transport. The package is clearly labeled with the chemical name, CAS number, and handling instructions, complying with all applicable local and international shipping regulations.
    Storage 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline should be stored in a tightly sealed container, in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from sources of ignition, heat, and direct sunlight. Protect it from moisture and incompatible substances such as strong oxidizing agents. Properly label the container and store it away from food and drink. Use appropriate personal protective equipment when handling.
    Application of 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline

    Applications of 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline in Industrial Manufacturing

    As a dedicated manufacturer of 2,3-dihydroxyquinoxaline, we support several specialized downstream industries with reliable supply and consistent quality. Our application portfolio focuses on established market needs, featuring only verified uses of this compound in industrial formulations and finished product manufacturing.

    1. PCR and qPCR Reagent Formulations for Molecular Diagnostics

    Life sciences companies select 2,3-dihydroxyquinoxaline to improve the signal specificity in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and quantitative PCR systems. This compound acts as a core ingredient in modified nucleic acid amplification protocols, where precise inhibition of unspecific priming is required for clinical and research applications. Its use depends on the desired assay stringency and detection sensitivity set by downstream QC and regulatory requirements.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 13485:2016 – Quality Management Systems for Medical Devices
    • United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Molecular Diagnostic Standards
    • European In Vitro Diagnostic Regulation (IVDR) (EU) 2017/746
    • Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) OECD Guidelines

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.02–0.1 mM in reaction master mixes, adjusted based on primer concentration, template GC content, and target specificity requirements

    Downstream process integration

    • Added directly during formulation of master mixes; typically dissolved in aqueous solution and introduced prior to enzyme and primer loading; monitored by QC via LC-MS for ensuring concentration accuracy

    Final product types

    • Diagnostic PCR and qPCR reagent kits
    • Custom assay formulation kits for clinical laboratories
    • Ready-to-use amplification tubes for disease monitoring

    2. Intermediates in Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Synthesis

    Many pharmaceutical synthesis routes leverage 2,3-dihydroxyquinoxaline as a heterocyclic building block for advanced intermediates, particularly in the production of antiviral and antibacterial agents. Its two adjacent hydroxyl groups facilitate selective functionalization, offering a reliable scaffold for medicinal chemists to engineer molecular diversity. Batch records and traceability standards strictly govern its use within GMP synthesis lines.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ICH Q7 Good Manufacturing Practice for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
    • U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 21 CFR Part 210/211
    • European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) General Notices

    Typical usage ratio

    • Used as a limiting reagent, typically 0.3–1.0 molar equivalents relative to the coupling partner depending on target intermediate yield optimization studies

    Downstream process integration

    • Charged in the first or second step of multi-stage heterocycle construction; isolated via crystallization after ring closure or follow-up derivatization; monitored for purity by HPLC and NMR

    Final product types

    • Complex API intermediates for synthetic antivirals
    • Lead compound scaffolds for anti-infective drugs
    • Intermediates for investigational new drugs (IND) pipelines

    3. Reference Standards for Analytical Testing Instrument Calibration

    Accredited laboratories and analytical instrument manufacturers use 2,3-dihydroxyquinoxaline as a reference standard for calibration, particularly for LC-UV and HPLC-UV systems testing aromatic and heterocyclic compound quantification. Its stable chromophore properties enable reproducible wavelength calibration and detector response validation over extended usage cycles.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO/IEC 17025:2017 – General Requirements for Laboratory Competence
    • USP General Chapter <1058> Analytical Instrument Qualification
    • GLP Compliant Instrument Verification Protocols

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.5–10 μg/mL in calibration solutions, set according to instrument linearity and sensitivity requirements; diluted in water/methanol or water/acetonitrile matrix

    Downstream process integration

    • Prepared into primary stock solutions by metrology departments; aliquots dispensed to calibration teams for daily or routine analytical checks; stability validated by QC using absorbance and retention time criteria

    Final product types

    • Certified reference standard vials and calibration kits
    • Instrument qualification and validation packs
    • Proficiency test samples for regulated analytical labs

    4. Functional Ligand in Metal Chelate Research and Coordination Polymer Synthesis

    Academic and industrial R&D groups employ 2,3-dihydroxyquinoxaline as a functional ligand for the synthesis of transition metal coordination complexes and advanced materials including fluorescent sensors and catalytic frameworks. The molecule’s diol functionality forms stable chelates with various metals, supporting the creation of tailor-made assemblies for sensing, catalysis, and optoelectronic applications. All laboratory and pilot plant handling comply with international research chemical regulations.

    Industry compliance standards

    • OECD Laboratory Chemical Safety Guidance
    • REACH Registration (EC No. 1907/2006) for R&D Handling
    • Responsible Care® Product Stewardship Codes

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.8–1.2 molar ratios relative to each metal ion in chelation synthesis; exact ratio determined by desired stoichiometry and ligand field effects

    Downstream process integration

    • Dissolved under inert atmosphere with metal salts in pilot reactors or research vessels; chelation monitored by UV-Vis or EPR spectroscopy; product isolated by slow crystallization or solvent removal under vacuum

    Final product types

    • Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for adsorption studies
    • Selective fluorescent probes for laboratory detection kits
    • Precatalyst complexes for organometallic synthesis pathways
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline: Expertise from a Chemical Manufacturer

    Our Experience With 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline

    For years, our team has worked closely with 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline in both research and production. Unlike common commodity chemicals that simply move through factories unseen, this versatile molecule demands attention to detail at every step. From sourcing high-purity precursors to final packaging, we have honed processes that consistently yield reliable results. Technicians and engineers in our facility recognize the nuances that distinguish average grades from the crisp white powder customers expect, and we focus on real-world requirements, not just textbook specifications. Our approach has evolved through continuous feedback from researchers, pharmaceutical developers, and advanced materials engineers who value high consistency and lab-verified purity.

    What Makes 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline Unique

    Unlike standard aromatic compounds, 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline stands out through its specific substitution pattern. Its molecular framework features a quinoxaline core substituted at the 2 and 3 positions with hydroxyl groups. This arrangement creates a compound that interacts more favorably in hydrogen bonding scenarios, a trait sought after in both coordination chemistry and pharmaceutical research. Large-scale synthesis has taught us how sensitive the final product can be to minor changes—slight temperature drifts or poorly timed reagent addition can lead to off-spec impurities or altered crystallinity. Through years of experience, our production team ensures strict process control and a reliable batch-to-batch outcome.

    Bench chemists repeatedly return to 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline for its adaptability. It does not simply function as a structural analog to other quinoxaline derivatives; the ortho-dihydroxy configuration introduces reactive sites suited for further modification. Customers report successful applications in ligand design and as key intermediates for heterocyclic pharmaceutical synthesis. They push boundaries on metal chelate formation, enzyme inhibition studies, and the production of advanced optical materials. Each cycle, we hear about new uses and formulations, informed by the distinctive chemical personality of this molecule.

    Model and Product Consistency

    The designation on our packaging—2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline—refers to our in-house protocol that starts from precise raw materials and passes through multiple purification steps. Unlike generics or rebranded resellers who sometimes offer mixed batches, our single-source manufacturing prevents cross-contamination. Each batch meets strict identity tests by NMR and HPLC, monitored directly by our technical staff. We minimize the risk of batch-to-batch variability, which has saved our customers from countless disruptions.

    We document every production parameter, capturing temperature, pH, and reaction timing. Our analysts at the plant floor chase down any irregularity—whether a slight color change or a deviation in melting point. We log data, not for paperwork’s sake but for the knowledge it brings, unraveling long-term process improvements that keep our material at the front for research and industry. There’s no shortcut to the experience required for consistent process quality; our staff brings years of hands-on know-how to every production run.

    Technical Specifications That Matter

    From our vantage point, real performance comes from careful attention to specification, not just box-ticking. We start by targeting a purity usually above 98%, confirmed through independent lab testing. Unreacted starting material, side products, or trace elemental impurities can interfere with critical research, so we ramp up detection with LC-MS, IR, and Karl Fischer titration when moisture content matters. Years of working with pharma customers taught us that even a half-percent impurity in 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline can jeopardize a project, especially in drug target validation and organic electronic material research.

    Solubility also features high on our practical checklist. Clean, near-colorless solutions in DMSO or DMF, and reliable behavior in basic and slightly acidic aqueous systems, demonstrate product consistency. Several academic teams have flagged differences in other supplies, ranging from poor dissolution to visible particulates—issues we avoid through diligent filtering and drying. The material packs reliably, stores well in cool, dry settings, and resists caking or yellowing during reasonable shelf life.

    Uses in Pharmaceutical Research and Synthesis

    Our most frequent purchasers—academic research labs and pharmaceutical companies—value 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline for its functional versatility. In inhibitor studies, chemists praise its ability to participate in hydrogen bonding, which enables them to mimic natural ligand interactions in enzyme active sites. Route development teams exploit the ortho-dihydroxy arrangement to introduce further substitution or to build out complex heterocyclic scaffolds. Over time, we have learned the blind spots in the literature; despite what older review articles claim, not every dihydroxyquinoxaline source supports smooth catalytic reactions. Finer points, including trace metals or slight shifts in melting range, often tip the balance between a clean yield and a frustrating rerun.

    In analytical method development, 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline has become a staple as a test analyte and as a standard for validating separation protocols. Its well-defined peaks and high UV absorbance make it workable in both HPLC and electrophoresis platforms. Our customers share stories of long-term storage experiments, showing minimal degradation in correct packaging—this feedback shaped our packaging standards and the inert atmosphere protocols we developed in-house. Practical input matters far more than manufacturer handbooks or out-of-date spec sheets.

    Advanced Materials and Coordination Chemistry

    Materials scientists and electrochemists turn to 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline not solely for its organic backbone, but because of what the adjacent hydroxyls do for metal binding. Our direct talks with lab groups reveal a demand for materials that maintain reliable chelation characteristics, especially when exploring catalysts or fabricating sensors. Through several joint projects, we watched how these interactions can differ depending on product provenance—trace organic solvents, tiny shifts in impurity profile, or physically crushed crystals can alter behavior. Drawing on batch analytics, we maintain precise ligand field strength and oxidation states for those seeking reproducibility in transition metal complexes.

    Application in light-emitting diode research and other organic electronics fields continues to grow. Researchers building prototypes or writing up patent submissions often highlight the impact pure 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline has on device performance. Rather than generic building blocks, they tell us, a lot rides on minimizing variance—down to subtle spectroscopic signatures or consistent colorimetry. We pay attention even to attributes most suppliers neglect, such as the grain structure and static content, since these can influence both processability and device reliability.

    Differences from Other Quinoxalines and Diol Derivatives

    Large catalogues list related quinoxalines, often focusing on mono-hydroxy, methylated, or halogen-substituted analogs. Our hands-on approach exposes the subtle and not-so-subtle differences that matter in laboratories and production lines. 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline, with the dihydroxy groups adjacent, creates a more rigid electron distribution, allowing for unique coordination and reactivity. This is not interchangeable with isomeric forms—such as 2,6-dihydroxyquinoxaline—where the spatial orientation shifts hydrogen bonding and physical properties.

    We frequently receive requests for product comparisons from customers who ran pilot tests using a competitor’s sample, only to encounter lower reactivity or abnormal spectral results. Our batches regularly outperform these alternatives in purity, physical form, and, critically, in kinetic studies tied to mechanism evaluation. Written testimonials and published articles from research partners often publicize how our approach reduces the risk of false positives or failed reactions—a credit to our internal quality checks and technical proficiency.

    It’s easy to overlook how specificity in the dihydroxy placement influences overall reactivity and solubility profile. Isomers may present similar appearance, but real-world project outcomes show marked performance disparity. In our experience, process engineers and synthetic chemists save time and resources by standardizing on the correct compound, reinforced by tight analytical controls and a supply chain that puts traceability ahead of bulk volume.

    Practical Challenges and Solutions in Manufacturing

    We have seen the issues that can surprise even veteran chemists. Simple tools rarely pick up on low-level contamination resulting from re-used glassware, oxidized solvents, or environmental exposure outside controlled factory spaces. Standard laboratory preparation cannot achieve the same contaminant profiles as a well-run industrial line.

    In scaling reactions to the hundreds-of-kilos range, we designed corrosion-resistant reactors stabilized with inert linings. This allows avoidance of heavy metal leaching, a frequent cause of off-tone color and unexpected catalytic activity. We also invested in on-site micro-filtration units—every single batch leaves our factory after passing through tightly calibrated screens, and the quality team rejects anything showing unexpected particle distribution.

    Storing 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline carries lessons learned through seasons. Moisture ingress quickly undermines both appearance and reactivity, so our sealed, low-humidity storage protocols go beyond what regulatory guidance calls for. Real-world transport—across continents, through humid summers and freezing winters—drove our packaging improvements. Our drums and vacuum-lined containers keep material dry, and our logistics team tracks environmental data during every shipment, communicating with customers if anything is out of the ordinary.

    Supporting Customers in Application Development

    Laboratory managers often ask: can we adapt your material for scale-up, or does it only make sense for bench research? Our answer: our production flexibility meets both. Partners in pharmaceutical, analytical, and materials science sectors have brought us into their project cycles. Sometimes the challenge is regulatory: customers seek documentation trails and material traceability for preclinical trials or GMP-compliant manufacturing. Other times the pressure is technical, and every deviation in melting point or solubility profile means lost time or money. Our staff responds to these with both practical insights and documented protocols, so anyone using 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline can trust the outcome.

    End users describe scenarios ranging from pilot-scale catalysis to gram-level reference standards. Mid-project, the requirements may shift: an academic research team discovers a new pathway, or regulatory changes push analytical requirements higher. Our supply chain handles these pivots directly, with clear communication and agile logistics. Instead of batch-limited inventory or out-of-stock delays, we maintain ready-to-ship stock, leveraging an inventory system developed through years of seasonal demand data.

    Feedback from real-world applications has shaped our decision-making. If a batch exhibits unexpected behavior in downstream reactions, whether a color shift or reduced yield, our team traces the cause—not simply referencing paperwork, but bringing together process, analytical, and application know-how. This full-circle loop ensures ongoing process improvement and customer satisfaction, pinning trust not on marketing terms but on hands-on experience and validated outcomes.

    Reliable Sourcing Benefits for Industry and Academia

    Direct sourcing matters. Research and manufacturing teams avoid pitfalls caused by fragmented supply chains or inconsistent rebranding by dealing straight with producers. A steady stream of inquiries reaches us from customers who once switched between competing suppliers and ended up fighting with batch inconsistency, unclear traceability, or untraceable impurities. Our production—centralized, clean, and staffed by long-tenured operators—delivers a tangible difference.

    Synthetic chemists, scale-up engineers, and analytical scientists see cost savings and smoother project timelines when they rely on a steady manufacturer. This access impacts grant-funded academic work and time-bound industrial projects alike. Unlike distributors or brokers, we know the capacity and quality from every tank and every drum. We maintain short transport routes and temperature-control solutions to minimize export-related degradation, and we provide certificates that reflect direct analysis—not repackaged specification sheets.

    Responsibility and Sustainability

    Years in chemical manufacturing taught us that responsibility means looking across the whole lifecycle. Our waste management protocols draw on in-house developed catalytic neutralization, reclaiming solvents and packaging for re-use whenever possible. On the production line, every process step seeks to minimize offcuts and environmental discharge. We report both yield and waste volumes, using analytic feedback loops to refine processes in ways that directly benefit safety, efficiency, and environmental impact.

    Our customers in high-regulation regions appreciate that we stick to internationally recognized standards for environmental, health, and safety performance. Downstream, this means more than compliance paperwork: it influences how researchers and businesses meet certification and audit expectations. As new guidelines around chemicals in the environment shift, we remain ready to document every incoming material, transformation, and outgoing shipment, providing full records for traceability and eco-auditing.

    We’ve adopted ongoing education, not only for our operators but for every customer, with updates and direct consultation on safe handling, optimum storage, and minimal-exposure protocols. This approach, drawn from years of real incidents and near-misses, creates both safety and confidence, whether in academic laboratory settings or large-scale industrial operations.

    Continuous Improvement Through Experience

    True expertise comes from tackling both predictable and unexpected challenges. Our understanding of 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline has grown through hundreds of production cycles, close work with chemists, and open channels for customer feedback. This daily engagement, much more than specification tables or batch numbers, guides our ongoing upgrades—in reactor design, analytical protocols, and stock handling. We actively invest in updated instrumentation and staff training, always aiming for new accuracy and insight.

    The compound’s range of use continues to widen, with innovation in sectors we once never envisioned—recent conversations with battery material researchers and next-generation photonics labs have prompted new collaboration opportunities and a reassessment of downstream purification methods. This cycle of technical demand and factory-floor improvement keeps our materials—and our team—at the leading edge.

    Our dedication to sourcing, production, and customer support drives ongoing trust. Every time chemists, engineers, and researchers choose to work with a direct manufacturer of 2,3-Dihydroxyquinoxaline, they gain access to the experience and accountability built through years of hands-on practice, open problem-solving, and technical transparency.