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2,3-Dihydroxypyridine

    • Product Name 2,3-Dihydroxypyridine
    • Alias 2,3-Pyridinediol
    • Einecs 221-179-6
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
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    Specifications

    HS Code

    388896

    Name 2,3-Dihydroxypyridine
    Cas Number 583-39-1
    Molecular Formula C5H5NO2
    Molecular Weight 111.10 g/mol
    Appearance Off-white to light brown solid
    Melting Point 114-117 °C
    Solubility In Water Soluble
    Synonyms 2,3-Pyridinediol
    Structure Pyridine ring with hydroxyl groups at positions 2 and 3
    Smiles OC1=CC=NC=C1O
    Inchi InChI=1S/C5H5NO2/c7-4-2-1-3-6-5(4)8/h1-3,7-8H
    Pubchem Cid 12036

    As an accredited 2,3-Dihydroxypyridine factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing The packaging for 2,3-Dihydroxypyridine (25 grams) features a sealed amber glass bottle with a white label and product details.
    Shipping 2,3-Dihydroxypyridine is shipped in tightly sealed containers, protected from moisture and light. It is handled as a chemical substance and transported in accordance with applicable regulations, ensuring safety and integrity during transit. Shipping may require appropriate labeling, documentation, and compliance with local and international chemical transport guidelines.
    Storage 2,3-Dihydroxypyridine should be stored in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from sources of heat, moisture, and incompatible substances such as oxidizing agents. Protect the chemical from direct sunlight. Use appropriate safety measures, including labeling, to avoid accidental exposure or contamination. Store at recommended temperatures, typically ambient unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer.
    Application of 2,3-Dihydroxypyridine

    Applications of 2,3-Dihydroxypyridine in Industrial Manufacturing

    As a direct manufacturer of 2,3-Dihydroxypyridine, we support a range of specialized industrial sectors. The applications below highlight actual downstream manufacturing uses, showing how this intermediate integrates into regulated processes across pharmaceuticals, catalysts, diagnostics, and agrochemicals.

    1. Pharmaceutical Intermediate for Antibacterial API Synthesis

    2,3-Dihydroxypyridine functions as a critical building block in the synthesis of certain antibacterial active pharmaceutical ingredients. It acts as a precursor for advanced intermediates required in multi-step organic synthesis, ensuring high purity at each phase. During coupling or condensation reactions, strict material traceability and impurity control apply to satisfy regulatory demands for finished APIs used in human or veterinary medicine.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ICH Q7 Good Manufacturing Practice for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
    • US FDA 21 CFR Part 211 for Finished Pharmaceuticals
    • European Pharmacopoeia monograph compliance for final API
    • USP General Chapters as referenced for process validation

    Typical usage ratio

    • Batch reactions use 0.8–1.3 molar equivalents per reaction step, adjusted based on downstream yield requirements and impurity profile control; excess feedstock minimized to reduce purification load.

    Downstream process integration

    • Charged in the synthesis pathway as a key starting reagent or coupling partner for pyridine nucleus formation; introduction timing varies by API process route.

    Final product types

    • 3-Hydroxypyridine-derived antibiotics
    • Pyridine-based sulfonamide precursors
    • Other antibacterial pharmaceutical intermediates

    2. Ligand Component in Homogeneous Catalysis for Fine Chemicals

    Industrial catalyst manufacturers employ 2,3-Dihydroxypyridine derivatives as chelating ligands in the production of homogeneous catalyst complexes for hydrogenation and cross-coupling reactions. The raw material must exhibit consistent purity and moisture control, as trace impurities can deactivate metal centers and reduce catalyst shelf stability or batch reproducibility.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management for Chemical Synthesis
    • REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 for raw materials
    • OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals (for environmental release risk)
    • Internal batch traceability and catalyst release documentation

    Typical usage ratio

    • Ligand incorporated at 0.5–1.5 weight percent relative to total catalyst matrix; adjusted per metal/ligand stoichiometry and application-specific activity optimization protocols.

    Downstream process integration

    • Added during chelation step in catalyst synthesis, usually in solvent under inert conditions with transition metals such as palladium or nickel.

    Final product types

    • Fine chemical synthesis catalysts
    • Custom organic synthesis catalysts
    • Industrial hydrogenation catalyst solutions

    3. Building Block for Diagnostic Chemical Reagents

    Diagnostic reagent manufacturers use 2,3-Dihydroxypyridine as a core reagent in synthesizing chromogenic substrates and marker compounds for clinical biochemistry assays and detection kits. Stability, trace metal content, and water content must conform strictly to analytical-grade requirements to prevent interference in downstream clinical tests.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 13485:2016 Quality Management for Medical Devices
    • CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) QC requirements
    • FDA 21 CFR Part 820 for device and reagent manufacturing
    • Analytical-grade specifications (ACS, Reag. Ph Eur, or equivalent)

    Typical usage ratio

    • Integrated at 0.1–2.0% by mass, depending on assay protocol and chromogenic substrate yield in synthesis; formulation tailored for sensitivity and detection threshold needs.

    Downstream process integration

    • Reacted with chromogen precursor or marker base in controlled conditions to produce stable dye/intermediate for integration into diagnostic kit formulation lines.

    Final product types

    • Colorimetric diagnostic kits for clinical labs
    • Enzyme substrate solutions for ELISA
    • In vitro diagnostic (IVD) reagent markers

    4. Intermediate for Agrochemical Active Ingredient Manufacturing

    Producers of advanced agrochemicals utilize 2,3-Dihydroxypyridine as an intermediate in heterocyclic backbone extension and selective functionalization reactions. Downstream use requires strict monitoring for pesticide impurity limits and comprehensive batch release analytics to meet food safety and environmental standards for the final crop protection formulations.

    Industry compliance standards

    • FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius: pesticide/active registration guidelines
    • ISO 17025 Laboratory Accreditation for QC release
    • EU Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 for plant protection products
    • National Environmental Health Safety standards (China GB, US EPA FIFRA)

    Typical usage ratio

    • Charged at 0.5–2.0% by weight relative to target molecule batch, depending on intermediate conversion step and active ingredient specificity protocols.

    Downstream process integration

    • Entered during ring substitution or coupling phase for synthesis of final organonitrogen-based agrochemicals; post-reaction purification required for downstream QC certification.

    Final product types

    • Selective herbicides
    • Insecticidal active intermediates
    • Fungicidal precursor compounds
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    2,3-Dihydroxypyridine: Practical Value from the Team that Makes It

    Taking Pride in Our Work with 2,3-Dihydroxypyridine

    Years of hands-on experience in pyridine chemistry shape our approach to producing 2,3-dihydroxypyridine. Known in our plant simply as “2,3-DHP,” this molecule stands out as a reliable tool for chemists who value both consistency and purity. We handle every stage, from raw material selection through purification, on our own site. There’s no shortcut for careful work—each batch reflects the discipline and craft built over our decades in the field. We sweat the details because we know that small impurities can lead to big headaches during synthesis downstream.

    Physical appearance says a lot about proper production standards. Our crystalline 2,3-dihydroxypyridine offers a distinctive pale solid with a fine particle size, making it easier to handle and dissolve during laboratory and industrial work. Each lot goes through thorough testing in our in-house QC lab; high-performance liquid chromatography traces every step to confirm the compound's strength and check for residues. Customers often share stories of how difficult it can be to source batches with tight impurity controls—something we insist on delivering as a standard, not an extra.

    Key Specifications

    Across our production runs, 2,3-dihydroxypyridine hits assay values above 99%. Water content stays controlled, below levels that might trigger clumping or aging during shelf life. Our process keeps heavy metal traces far below regulatory guidance, thanks to a closed-loop reactor design and constant cleaning. Because even low concentrations of transition metals complicate subsequent reactions, our long-running maintenance teams dedicate time to monitoring and prevention every week. From the first distillation to the final packaging, every sample finds a record in our strict batch logbooks.

    We understand that trusted products start with robust testing protocols. Each batch carries a full certificate of analysis, including not just standard purity and moisture but also residual solvents and trace byproducts—no hidden surprises or missing sections. Repeat clients rely on this transparency when planning protocols or scaling up to pilot quantities. Our technical department keeps an open line for questions on solubility, reactivity, or formulation strategies—many calls lead to tweaks that help custom projects meet strict timelines.

    Common Uses in Synthesis and Industry

    Most requests for 2,3-dihydroxypyridine come from companies in the pharmaceutical, agrochemical, or specialty intermediate sectors. Its two hydroxyl groups open the door to selective modification and coupling in heterocyclic synthesis. Medicinal chemists value it during the construction of anti-infective scaffolds and enzyme inhibitors, where proper substitution on the pyridine ring makes the difference between a candidate and a dead end. Agrochemical teams often explore oxidative coupling with this compound to build fungicides or plant-growth regulators, using its robust nucleophilicity to react cleanly with electrophiles.

    Our technical staff often assist with solvent choices, helping customers achieve maximum solubility and minimal side-product formation. For some, the focus sits on oxidative cross-couplings, taking advantage of the dihydroxy structure to steer regioselectivity in palladium catalysis or radical chemistry. In other applications, 2,3-dihydroxypyridine serves as a chelating ligand in specialty catalysis, where subtle changes in structure translate into sharp variations in performance. We see more clients examining it as a building block for functional materials in electronics or UV absorbers—fields where even trace contaminants can disrupt final performance.

    Direct Insight into How Production Quality Affects End Results

    One lesson that stands out over the years: tight control over purity and particle size consistently saves researchers time. Less time spent on downstream purification translates to faster development. We've seen that 2,3-dihydroxypyridine with off-spec moisture or residual solvents can throw off chromatography, inhibit reactions, or degrade sensitive reagents. At our plant, every wash and solvent exchange is optimized to avoid stubborn, trace contaminants, which frustrate experimental repeatability in high-stakes research and production settings.

    The reliability of batch-to-batch performance picked up where small-scale bottlenecks often occurred for our customers. Before investing in larger campaign runs, our end users appreciate samples that mirror their intended scale. They tell us that making the transition from grams to kilos to hundreds of kilos runs smoother when there’s no uncertainty about the nature or behavior of a material. Consistency remains our guiding principle, rooted in lessons learned the hard way by watching pilot plant mishaps elsewhere.

    How 2,3-Dihydroxypyridine Stands Apart from Other Pyridine Derivatives

    Pyridine derivatives fill a crowded market, yet the 2,3-dihydroxy isomer marks a notable departure in its chemical attitude and uses. Comparing it to simpler molecules like pyridinol or mono-hydroxy analogues, the two adjacent hydroxyl groups on the 2 and 3 positions create a more complex reactivity profile. Chemists who try to substitute with 2-hydroxypyridine or 3-hydroxypyridine quickly run into problems—the symmetry changes, and reactions proceed differently. Those who rely on predictable reactivity favor the 2,3-substitution because it avoids cumbersome protection or activation tactics required to force other isomers into place.

    We've observed that 2,3-dihydroxypyridine speeds up certain oxidative couplings, where other dihydroxypyridine isomers act sluggishly. This translates to higher yields and fewer byproducts during crucial steps, vital when making expensive advanced intermediates in pharmaceuticals. It's also less prone to unwanted oxidation during storage, compared to 2,6-dihydroxypyridine, which rapidly browns even under nitrogen. This stability gives our logistics team peace of mind moving product between our site and customer labs, especially during hot summer spells or unexpected shipping delays.

    Reliable Supply through in-House Production

    One well-known risk with high-value chemicals: waiting on an uncertain, overseas supply chain. Leaning on our integrated facility, we’ve bypassed many delays that can stall research or disrupt bulk manufacturing. Everything, from raw pyridine procurement to the shipping of finished product, happens under our own roof. We’ve invested in local supplier agreements for key inputs—a lift during global shortages that hit the chemical industry hard over recent years. Direct production also means we can tailor quantities, from lab evaluation lots to metric-ton deliveries, without juggling third-party schedules or cutting corners on documentation.

    Teams needing tight schedules count on our consistency. Once, a large-scale crop protection research group faced a last-minute surge in demand during active ingredient pilot trials. Supply disruptions shot prices up from global re-sellers, but since production hadn’t left our facility, we slid the order into our queue, shipped on time, and kept their timelines on track. More than a transaction, these moments build trust—the kind that comes from direct conversation with the team that mixes, purifies, and packs every consignment.

    Listening to Custom Synthesis Needs and Collaborating for Solutions

    Every customer brings a slightly different wish list to the table. Batch size, purity targets, solvent compatibility, packaging—every detail matters. Our strength lies in our flexibility, as we’re not trying to push surplus inventory that doesn’t fit. For startups running exploratory chemistry, we scale down to gram or multi-gram quantities, sparing them from overbuying. At the same time, our streamlined synthesis routes allow us to ramp up rapidly for established players. We can support both early-phase drug screening and full-process campaigns with the same attention to detail.

    Direct engagement makes a difference. We welcome technical feedback and field requests to adjust our product to fit changing needs—sometimes it’s finer powder for faster dissolution, other times amber vials to guard against incidental light exposure. It’s not unusual to hear from a client’s chemistry team mid-campaign, asking if we can cut water content to a specified level or optimize crystal habit for automated dosing. By tracing each suggestion back to our process data, we keep improving our output and deepening our understanding of how minor adjustments smooth bigger challenges in the lab or plant.

    Supporting Researchers and Process Chemists

    Many years back, one of our customers in medicinal chemistry hit a bottleneck synthesizing a novel small molecule. Off-the-shelf 2,3-dihydroxypyridine from a competitor carried enough trace nitrosamines and heavy metals to trigger warning lights at every stage. Our independent quality checks flagged inconsistencies that remote traders never caught. After switching to our compound, their synthesis yielded a purer intermediate, with side reactions nearly eliminated. This kind of story circles back to a guiding lesson: the value of a chemical supplier-direct relationship often proves itself not in the brochure but in the quiet, day-to-day work of the lab.

    We pay the same attention to pilot plant users scaling up. They need guarantees that tomorrow’s kilo will match last month's sample, so our technical support teams remain ready to provide batch histories, stability data, and impurity profiles on demand. Chemists and plant operators get direct answers from the people involved in the making—not sales scripts or generic manuals. This transparency clears a path for process optimization, compliance documentation, and uninterrupted innovation.

    Environmental Considerations in Production and Packaging

    Safety and stewardship drive our operational choices. Every kilogram of 2,3-dihydroxypyridine produced at our plant passes through closed systems for air and liquid management—a point of pride for both sustainability and workplace safety. Waste minimization guides how we select solvents and design our recycling streams, keeping total waste output below industry benchmarks year after year.

    As demand grows for greener chemistry, we refine purification steps to reduce hazardous byproducts. For instance, we employ recovery units to capture and reuse process solvents, lowering both cost and environmental impact. We also monitor effluent for trace organic release, holding ourselves to discharge standards that exceed regulatory guidelines. Product packaging adapts to client needs, but always favors recyclable or reusable materials, making it easier for customers to meet their own sustainability goals without extra burden.

    Addressing Challenges and Sharing Solutions

    R&D at the molecular level carries unpredictability, and small hiccups in intermediate supply can snowball into larger issues. We keep our lines open for technical troubleshooting—no call dismissed, no suggestion too small. Common questions usually revolve around solubility in non-aqueous systems or dealing with insoluble residues in complex formulation work. In one recent example, a formulation chemist faced challenges dissolving our standard powder in a high-viscosity matrix; a minor tweak to our final milling step produced a much finer powder, resolving their issue entirely.

    Change and variability don't threaten us—they spur innovation and stronger partnerships. Our quality assurance team welcomes feedback, tracing root causes and reporting back not with generic apologies but with actionable fixes drawn from production data. The close loop between our plant floor, quality lab, and customer service desk forms a backbone of shared knowledge—built not just to fix what’s gone wrong, but to anticipate what’s next.

    Risk Management and Long-Term Value

    Professionals aiming for high-performance applications see risk not just in price but in continuity, traceability, and long-term supplier confidence. We field requests for multi-year supply contracts that skip uncertainty. After years confronting market ups and downs—raw material shortages, logistics blockages, regulatory changes—our internal capacity means we don’t leave partners stranded. We track every raw material shipment, every process lot, keeping digital archives accessible for audits and traceability.

    Our operational resilience means more than keeping stock on the shelf. We schedule preventive maintenance far in advance, maintain critical spares on site, and fund regular training for our plant and quality teams. Customers with demanding regulatory needs rest easier knowing we take documentation and compliance as seriously as product quality. As a result, audits go smoothly, and any issues turn into opportunities for further verification or improvement.

    Emerging Trends and Future Directions in Pyridine Chemistry

    The landscape for pyridine derivatives evolves quickly, demanding integration of greener processes, higher purity, and shorter turnaround times. We invest in research relationships with universities and public institutes, testing out new catalytic methods and exploring low-waste isolation for dihydroxypyridines. While labs once accepted limited options for intermediate sourcing, more now demand compounds tailored for niche electronic or biocatalytic applications—expecting not just chemical but logistical flexibility built in.

    We remain aligned with trends in automation and process validation, integrating in-line analytics to deliver on-the-fly data to both our team and our clients. This shift translates to even tighter control over final product properties and a clearer link between material quality and end use case. Sustainability goals push us to evaluate even mundane aspects—labeling, packaging, delivery routes—to trim unnecessary steps. The cumulative result doesn’t just help the environment; it safeguards the reputation of every researcher or manufacturer who depends on our 2,3-dihydroxypyridine.

    Direct Communication, Shared Purpose

    Making a compound like 2,3-dihydroxypyridine isn’t just a technical achievement. For us, it is grounded in relationships—face-to-face and project-to-project—built through each conversation, every sample sent, and each batch produced. Close ties with teams on the front lines of discovery keep us honest about what matters. Scientific solutions rarely flow in one direction. Chemists, formulators, and production staff contribute ideas that work their way back into improving our own process; our job is to listen and respond, drawing from collective experience rather than isolated theory.

    As we look ahead, our role remains simple: maintain rigorous standards, supply real-world data, and deliver every consignment with the confidence that only direct production can bring. Researchers and manufacturers working with 2,3-dihydroxypyridine don’t face their challenges alone, because the team making the product is committed to being part of every solution, at every scale.