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HS Code |
658878 |
| Chemical Name | 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline |
| Molecular Formula | C9H11N |
| Molecular Weight | 133.19 g/mol |
| Cas Number | 91-21-4 |
| Appearance | Colorless to pale yellow liquid |
| Boiling Point | 256-258 °C |
| Melting Point | −37 °C |
| Density | 1.065 g/cm3 |
| Solubility In Water | Slightly soluble |
| Smiles | c1ccc2c(c1)CCCN2 |
| Purity | Typically ≥98% (commercial) |
| Refractive Index | 1.576 |
| Flash Point | 134 °C |
| Storage Conditions | Store at room temperature, tightly closed |
As an accredited 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | A 100 g amber glass bottle, sealed with a PTFE-lined screw cap, labeled "1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline, CAS 91-21-4, 99% purity." |
| Shipping | 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline should be shipped in tightly sealed containers, under cool, dry, and well-ventilated conditions. Avoid exposure to heat, ignition sources, and moisture. The chemical must be labeled according to relevant transportation regulations, and handled by personnel trained in hazardous materials shipping, using appropriate protective equipment to minimize exposure. |
| Storage | **1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline** should be stored in a tightly closed container, in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from sources of ignition and incompatible substances such as strong oxidizers. Protect from light and moisture. Use appropriate secondary containment to prevent spills and ensure proper labeling is visible for safety and regulatory compliance. |
Applications of 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline in Industrial Manufacturing1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline serves as a critical intermediate in multiple high-value synthesis routes, particularly across fine chemical and pharmaceutical sectors. As the original manufacturer, we highlight core industrial application scenarios where this compound drives process efficiency and quality for leading global producers. 1. Pharmaceutical API Synthesis: Antihypertensive and CNS Drug ProductionOur material is widely incorporated as a key building block in the regulated synthesis of several pharmaceutical active ingredients. It supports the construction of isoquinoline frameworks found in certain antihypertensive agents and central nervous system (CNS) drugs, such as tetrahydroisoquinoline-based calcium channel blockers, dopaminergic agents, and analgesics. This compound enters the synthetic scheme at the step of isoquinoline ring assembly, enabling potent, controlled, and enantiomerically pure pharmacophores for downstream medicinal chemistry. Careful management of purity and residual solvent profiles ensures compliance with major pharmacopeias and facilitates smooth validation of the final APIs during regulatory audits. Industry compliance standards
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2. Specialty Agrochemical Intermediate for Plant Growth RegulatorsLeading agrochemical manufacturers utilize this compound in the scalable production of isoquinoline-derived plant growth regulators and certain alkaloid-based pesticides. The molecule’s distinct nitrogenated core supports key transformations necessary for bioactive agents with selective plant signaling effects. Adoption in this sector focuses on reaction efficiency, batch traceability, and minimized non-target residue formation. Our strict control of heavy metals and specific amine by-products aligns with global pesticide safety frameworks. Industry compliance standards
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3. Advanced Dye and Pigment Synthesis (Aza-Heterocyclic Dyes)Major dye manufacturers rely on 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline to develop advanced heterocyclic chromophores for specialty colorants. The material acts as a precursor in the formation of nitrogen-containing aromatic structures with high thermal stability, colorfastness, and unique fluorescence profiles. Its application ensures strict control of color index purity, dyeing strength, and compliance with consumer safety benchmarks globally. Our QC ensures tight control of aromatic amine content and batch color uniformity, supporting smooth scale-up and long-term commercial supply contracts. Industry compliance standards
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4. Chiral Ligand and Catalyst Manufacture for Asymmetric HydrogenationProducers of specialty catalysts employ this compound as a critical component in fabricating chiral ligands, especially for transition-metal catalyzed hydrogenation reactions used in fine chemicals and pharmaceutical industries. Utilization of the tetrahydroisoquinoline ring enhances ligand selectivity for specific enantioselective reductions, directly impacting process economy and product chirality. Manufacturing requires consistently low enantiomeric impurity and trace metal content, and batch QC aligns with downstream GMP or chemical safety documentation for catalyst users. Industry compliance standards
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5. Synthetic Alkaloid Manufacture for Biochemical Research ReagentsOur material forms the basis for laboratory and pilot-scale synthesis of numerous synthetic alkaloids, supporting research reagent suppliers and specialty biochemistry labs. Chemists use the tetrahydroisoquinoline backbone to design probe molecules, enzyme substrates, and synthetic standards, often required for neurotransmitter or metabolic pathway studies. Application here depends on high substance purity (often >99%), precise impurity control, and full analytical data for downstream users to comply with academic or biotechnological research protocols. Industry compliance standards
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Competitive 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline prices that fit your budget—flexible terms and customized quotes for every order.
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We create 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline to meet the needs of chemists who require reliability and purity every time they open a new drum. In our facility, years spent refining batch after batch have made one thing clear: the smallest change in temperature, catalyst quality, or raw input can ripple through the process, changing how this compound performs for our customers. We see the results on the analytical screens and in technical feedback from active pharmaceutical ingredient labs, research institutes, and process production lines. A molecule like this is rarely a project for beginners—consistent quality draws on deep experience with batch chemistry, high-pressure hydrogenation, and careful distillation.
Our product line focuses on the core needs of industrial and laboratory applications. We offer batches set to a high GC area purity with tight control on water content and trace amine impurities. Typical lots exceed 99% assay according to HPLC and NMR confirmation, plus color is visibly clear, with only traces of residual chromophores. Each container passes through our on-site QC, where we examine not only the chemical analysis, but also physical stability under sitting and mild agitation. From the tank farm to the packing line, our team watches how this material behaves: our process technicians will spot contamination or oxidation before the paperwork even starts.
Fragrant traces of aromatic feed are gone. No detectable secondary amines, which cause headaches with downstream catalytic cycles. Viscosity remains low, so any pumpable delivery system can handle this product. These details affect real-world chemistry. We recall a project where a batch with poorly controlled water content destroyed a customer’s yield on a Grignard formation. That was a learning point: ever since, we ensure Karl Fischer moisture spec always tracks below 0.05%. These choices save time, money, and rework for the people using our product in bulk synthesis or library prep.
People often ask what sets this compound apart from other amines. In our view, it’s the dense, partially saturated bicyclic structure. The tetrahydroisoquinoline ring offers a chirality-free scaffold, no problematic stereochemistry, and consistent electronic properties. Compared to open-chain secondary amines, there’s less tendency to air oxidize, especially under basic storage or processing. No lingering fishy odor after handling—our operators appreciate that feature day in, day out. Its melting point lands well below room temperature, so handling remains simple, avoiding the sticky phase-change quirks in some other amines.
In pharmaceutical development, researchers turn to 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline not just as a solvent or intermediate, but as a core starting point for synthetic alkaloids, dopamine analogues, and CNS-active molecules. We’ve worked closely with teams exploring both patented and generic synthesis routes. They highlight how this molecule’s reactivity allows clean N-alkylation, reductive amination, and oxidative cyclization—in ways other structures can’t match. Early in our history, we invested in refining the hydrogenation route to avoid contamination with related tetrahydroquinolines. We control pressure, hydrogen flow, and metal catalyst prep much more tightly than what we often see quoted in generic literature. You see the impact right away in downstream product yields and color stability.
Our experience tells us: choosing 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline over others, such as piperidine, morpholine, or open-chain ethylamine, comes down to how the amine participates in coupling reactions, N-acylations, and heterocycle assembly. Open-chain variants offer similar reactivity but struggle with rapid atmospheric degradation and residual odor—creating subtle loss of reproducibility batch after batch. Piperidine remains a common alternative, yet it introduces ring strain and competitor reactivity sites, which show up when scaling up or long-term storage tests are run. Our compound, once dried and treated as per our guidelines, stores easily and gives sharper results during chromatography and crystallizations.
Users often discover during a scale-up campaign that switching from a cheap, undistilled bulk variant to our freshly refined product dramatically reduces purification steps. Our high-purity tetrahydroisoquinoline minimizes tars and colored side-products, which means fewer NMR-masked byproducts and easier post-reaction workups. One multinational customer replaced their prior supplier after seeing final product color shift from amber to water-clear when running their standard synthesis. The gains in downstream time and the tighter control over product registration and validation outweighed the change in procurement. These are stories we hear almost monthly.
Behind every kilogram shipped out, there’s a real lab team counting on predictable, trouble-free performance. University research partners stop by to audit the instrumentation and batch protocols, not just review paperwork. Before shipping an order, we run cross-tests with proprietary reagents to confirm absence of stubborn nitrosoamines and other regulated side products. Our team knows that even trace levels can throw off a drug candidate trial, so we invest heavily in purification and LC-MS screening. For customers in active pharmaceutical pipelines, that extra effort translates to reproducibility in their SAR and PK studies.
We’ve watched the requirements change year by year. Regulatory standards tighten in the US, Europe, and Japan. Auditors walk our plant floors, reviewing cleaning logs and solvent recovery records. These aren’t hurdles—they drive us to improve. We’ve shifted from glassware-based hydrogenation to large-scale jacketed vessels, upgraded to advanced inert atmosphere controls, and built up a team able to spot contamination before it ever leaves R&D. The difference for users is a material that works the same, every time—not just on paper, but in chromatograms and yield tables.
We fill every drum in a nitrogen jacket, seal units tight, and require batch date tracking. We recommend cool, dark storage, away from strong acids or oxidizing agents: customers who follow these guidelines report zero failed batches, even in tropical climates. Our packaging foregoes plastic inserts that can leach; stainless-lined caps and solvent-washed glass offer total pre-run cleanliness. We know how a single batch, if it picks up ambient moisture or metal ions, can degrade days or weeks before use, so operators check fill lines and seals by hand, not just barcode scanners.
Shipping involves a close partnership with trusted chemical carriers. We calibrate pallet weights, secure every drum for tilt testing, and use tamper-proof banding so nobody faces surprises. Technical teams offer advice on requalification if the package remains in storage for longer than intended, or if abnormal temperatures have occurred in transit. Replacement stocks stand ready for critical projects—a backup plan built from years handling hard timelines and last-minute supply chain changes. We’ve seen what happens when a weeklong customs delay dries out a shipment; we answer every call quickly and don’t leave our customers on hold.
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline earns its stripes across pharmaceutical intermediates, agrochemical development, fragrance design, and even some emerging electronic and polymer projects. On the small scale, chemists love its ease of handling—pipetting, weighing, and dissolving into common organic solvents. During scale-ups, the same molecule resists atmospheric breakdown and supports extended reaction runs. In catalysts and ligands development, we’ve worked with process specialists who praise its robust performance under transition metal conditions, where certain other amines break down or bind poorly.
Pharma partners use it as a precursor for structural analogues of known CNS drugs, benefiting from predictable N-alkylation and acylation. In more advanced applications, it’s built into new libraries of isoquinoline-derived screening molecules, responding well in Suzuki and Buchwald-Hartwig couplings. We’ve seen clever adaptations in green chemistry—some customers recycle distillate streams in closed-loop syntheses, appreciating the stability and cleanliness of our material. Demand rises every year as researchers seek structural motifs less common in western chemistry, enabling new hits in bioisosteric exploration.
Agrochemical researchers deploy this molecule in combinatorial and pilot-scale syntheses, using its rigidity and chemical utility to explore analogues of endogenous plant compounds. In the fragrance world, 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline serves as a feedstock for specialty intermediates with a clean, persistent note that doesn’t carry the sulfur or off-notes from lesser amines.
Our direct control over every step brings tangible benefits. Strict sourcing guidelines for raw benzaldehyde and ammonia, in-house catalyst regeneration, and continuous solvent recovery allow us to tweak output to precise customer specs. Users appreciate a stable physicochemical profile batch after batch, with no sudden shifts in impurity patterns or assay results. We rarely face back orders, because our production team keeps a twelve-week rolling plan based on customer forecasts and historical draw rates. Emergency orders get routed for off-shift production without jeopardizing standard supply.
Quality never happens by accident. Our team catches problems at the reactor, not after complaints roll in. This means no delay in troubleshooting, no crossed wires during late-night troubleshooting calls, and total transparency on what went right or wrong. We supply detailed, real-world batch histories for each lot—a file built from hands-on logbooks and operator inspections, not generic models or third-party platforms.
Working with innovative labs has taught us the value of trust and feedback. University research groups, government labs, and pharmaceutical process engineers send technical questions, new applications, and challenging specs for custom batches. We run experiments side by side with their teams when possible, and adapt processes to support unique needs: from isotope-labeled variants for metabolic tracing, to extra-tight impurity limits for GMP registration. We keep research-grade and technical-grade lines strictly segregated, using dedicated glassware, filtered ventilation, and positive-pressure filtration, so there are never batch crossovers.
For those building proprietary molecules, supply risk matters as much as purity itself. No one wants to halt a critical path synthesis because a lot failed QC or supplies ran short. That’s why our on-site team tracks each drum from production to final delivery. We respond to audits, answer regulatory inquiries, and maintain records for every order, so approval cycles won’t stall or R&D budgets spiral from unexpected inventory crises. Direct conversations between our QC chemists and your own colleagues save days of back-and-forth refining MSDS forms, impurity specs, and method protocols.
We’ve lived through changing requirements for chemical plant safety and environmental protection. Decades ago, waste management came as an afterthought; now, every batch means detailed records on wash solvents, hydrogen use, and waste streams. Solvent recovery systems have cut annual waste output by well over half. Hydrogen emissions fall well within local regulatory limits, thanks to investment in catalytic scrubbers, automated shutoff valves, and redundant ventilation. Every operator completes annual training in spill response and workplace hazard management, backed up by drills and third-party safety audits.
Operators handle every kilogram in sealed units to prevent exposure. We invest in improved personal protective equipment and offer regular medical checks for the production crew. Process optimization also translates into less energy spent per kilo produced, lower emissions, and a safer workplace—benefiting not just those inside our gates but also those in the neighborhoods around our plant. Investing in safer production has paid off in worker retention and public trust, which matter in an industry where safety lapses can have lasting consequences.
Being the original manufacturer means firsthand responsibility for what reaches the customer. We’ve adopted real-time chromatographic tracking during production, so even subtle side reactions show up before final filling. Glass lines get triple-washed and checked for surface pitting, because we learned the hard way that iron contamination, even if invisible, can depress downstream yields by a measurable margin. Staff stay up-to-date with product-specific training, not just general chemical safety. New team members work under experienced supervisors until they’ve seen all standard operating issues firsthand—no one learns by doing paperwork alone.
Our routine involves more than confirming purity and yield. We watch reaction profiles, control temperature ramp rates, and spot-check every batch visually—a yellow tinge that shows up on day two but not day one may not register as an actual impurity, but our technicians stop and investigate before shipping. Customer feedback and in-house failures become part of our improvement loop, logged and referenced in every serious production or quality discussion. A manufacturer’s job doesn’t stop after orders leave the site; that’s where the reputation gets built, molecule by molecule.
Competing on cost tempts many, but we stick with a purity-driven approach. Customers sometimes think cost and quality exist in permanent tension, but our data suggests process improvements lower fail rates, rework costs, and yield loss—meaning less waste and better economics overall. Our higher assay material, produced in continuously modernized facilities, stands up in long-term storage and demanding process steps because starting quality builds final quality. Facing supply chain disruptions, we manage buffer stocks and align with both local raw materials and global alternatives, so no crisis halts our output.
Purity demands monitoring everything from starting benzaldehyde through final distillate: we’ve rejected entire lots when off-odors or micro-contamination surfaced at the tail end. It’s a tough call, but over the years these choices support brand trust. Cost is rarely an accident in fine chemistry—investing upstream, minimizing downtime, and prioritizing worker safety fix most cost escalations before they impact the customer. We learned this lesson managing an extremely tight production window during the pandemic, when global raw input prices spiked and shipping timelines shrank. Acting early and decisively preserves reputation and continuity.
Every batch of 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline we ship carries the experience, insight, and discipline that direct chemical manufacturing brings. By walking the plant floor daily, refining processes hand-in-hand with real users, and answering not just technical but operational questions, we help countless chemists focus on creation, not troubleshooting. We believe the right compound, from a dedicated manufacturer, empowers innovation in ways secondary suppliers and traders simply can’t match.
Our doors remain open to all partners demanding more than “good enough” chemicals. From early-phase medicinal chemistry to full-scale pharmaceutical or industrial production, we tackle challenges, learn every day, and share what we know about the chemistry, logistics, and practical realities of 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline. That’s the standard we hold ourselves to—so your work starts with a better building block, every time.