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1,1-Diphenylethylene

    • Product Name 1,1-Diphenylethylene
    • Alias 1,1-Diphenylethene
    • Einecs 202-453-1
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
    VTB
    Specifications

    HS Code

    528915

    Iupac Name 1,1-Diphenylethylene
    Cas Number 530-48-3
    Molecular Formula C14H12
    Molar Mass 180.25 g/mol
    Appearance Colorless to pale yellow liquid or solid
    Melting Point 25-27 °C
    Boiling Point 265-267 °C
    Density 1.008 g/cm³ (20 °C)
    Solubility In Water Insoluble
    Refractive Index 1.613 (20 °C)
    Flash Point 111 °C
    Vapor Pressure 0.004 mmHg (25 °C)

    As an accredited 1,1-Diphenylethylene factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing Amber glass bottle containing 100 grams of 1,1-Diphenylethylene; sealed with a screw cap and labeled with safety information.
    Shipping **Shipping Description for 1,1-Diphenylethylene:** Ship 1,1-Diphenylethylene in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and sources of ignition. Store and transport under cool, dry, well-ventilated conditions. Handle as a flammable liquid (UN1993), complying with all relevant local and international regulations for hazardous chemicals. Proper labeling and documentation are required during shipping.
    Storage 1,1-Diphenylethylene should be stored in a tightly sealed container, away from light, heat, and sources of ignition. Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, ideally in a flammable liquids storage cabinet. Keep separate from strong oxidizers and acids. Proper labeling and secondary containment are recommended to prevent leaks and ensure chemical compatibility.
    Application of 1,1-Diphenylethylene

    Applications of 1,1-Diphenylethylene in Industrial Manufacturing

    1,1-Diphenylethylene plays a critical role in multiple industrial production chains. Its reactive structure supports synthesis, copolymerization, and modification processes for high-performance materials. As a dedicated chemical raw material manufacturer, we actively partner with global B2B customers seeking reliable supply for their downstream manufacturing.

    1. Styrenic Thermoplastic Polymer Production

    Leading polymer producers use 1,1-diphenylethylene as a functional comonomer in the synthesis of styrenic thermoplastics. Its incorporation enhances rigidity, glass transition temperature, and process stability of the resulting polymers. Typical applications include modifying polystyrene, ABS, SAN, and styrene-butadiene block copolymers. Quality and consistency of this monomer directly impact mechanical and thermal performance in automotive, appliance, and electronic housings.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 9001:2015 for quality management throughout monomer production
    • REACH regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 for European market compliance
    • RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU for electronics and electrical applications
    • UL Certification for finished polymer performance where required

    Typical usage ratio

    • 1–10% by weight in copolymerization, adjustable based on target polymer rigidity and thermal resistance
    • Standard lab screening determines optimal content for balance of toughness and processability

    Downstream process integration

    • Monomer charging stage in continuous or batch copolymerization reactors
    • Catalyst and initiator selection tailored for the desired incorporation rate
    • Post-polymerization compounding with impact modifiers or colorants as needed

    Final product types

    • High-impact polystyrene sheets and films
    • ABS enclosures and automotive trim parts
    • Electronic component housings
    • Packaging and consumer goods components

    2. Organic Synthesis Intermediate for Antioxidants

    Chemical synthesis operations utilize this compound as an intermediate for manufacturing diaryl-based phenolic antioxidants. Presence of the diphenylethylene moiety facilitates the construction of sterically hindered structures, which improve oxidative resistance in polyolefin and lubricant applications. The choice and adjustment of functional group transformers rely on product purity and reaction specificity provided by our advanced manufacturing protocols.

    Industry compliance standards

    • GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) Guidelines for additives in regulated markets
    • FDA 21 CFR §178.2010 for indirect food-contact antioxidant additives
    • ISO 9001:2015 for process quality assurance
    • Responsible Care® initiative for environmental and handling controls

    Typical usage ratio

    • Molar equivalent or slight excess depending on the targeted antioxidant structure
    • Generally 0.5–1.5 molar ratio relative to the key reactant

    Downstream process integration

    • Step-growth synthesis via Friedel–Crafts alkylation or aromatic substitution with catalysts such as AlCl3
    • Integration follows phenol alkylation or condensation to build bulky antioxidant structures
    • Final purification adapted for trace residual removal

    Final product types

    • Phenolic antioxidants for polyolefins and plastics
    • Lubricant oil antioxidant blends
    • Stabilizers for adhesives, coatings, and rubber goods
    • Plastic food packaging materials

    3. Specialty Resin Formulation for Adhesive and Coating Manufacturing

    Producers of specialty adhesives and coatings depend on this aromatic monomer to refine physical and application properties of resin systems. Its inclusion increases heat resistance, reduces tack, and imparts a higher softening point in the end-use formulations. This makes the material particularly valuable in high-performance adhesives used in industrial assembly and advanced surface coatings demanding dimensional stability under thermal cycling.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ASTM D638 for physical testing of thermoset adhesives
    • ISO 14001 for environmental management during resin production
    • GHS chemical labeling and transport protocols
    • VOC content restrictions under regional coating regulations

    Typical usage ratio

    • 1–7% by weight in adhesive and resin formulations, based on required glass transition temperature and hardness
    • Reduced concentrations for sprayable coatings; higher loads for structural adhesives

    Downstream process integration

    • Resin backbone modification via solution or bulk polymerization
    • Pre-polymer blend preparation with tackifiers and crosslinkers
    • Final formulation incorporates additives for application-specific performance

    Final product types

    • Structural adhesives for electronics and automotive
    • Protective industrial coatings
    • Pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes
    • Hot-melt glues for manufacturing lines

    4. Building Block for Liquid Crystal Material Synthesis

    Advanced material manufacturers incorporate products derived from diphenylethylene in the design of mesogenic core structures of liquid crystal compounds. This application requires strict control of substrate purity and trace metals, as non-uniformities impact the electro-optical properties critical for display and photonic device quality. The compound's core rigidity and conjugation support the formation of high birefringence and low viscosity liquid crystalline materials suitable for specialized display assemblies.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 9001 and IATF 16949 for supply chain quality assurance in electronics
    • IEC 61249-2 series for display materials
    • REACH for market entry in the EU
    • Cleanroom processing standards for purity control

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.5–5% by weight in advanced mesogen synthesis; scale varies by target birefringence and display type
    • Stoichiometry optimized per product development protocol

    Downstream process integration

    • Initial core construction in small molecule LC synthesis pathway
    • Coupling with other aromatic building blocks to extend mesogen functionality
    • Pilot-scale batch reactions under inert atmosphere with purity checks

    Final product types

    • Liquid crystal display (LCD) media
    • Specialty photonic device materials
    • High-resolution imaging panel compounds
    • Flexible display substrates

    5. Precursor in Synthesis of UV Absorbers for Plastics

    Manufacturers in the additive sector employ this aromatic hydrocarbon as a key intermediate in the creation of benzophenone and diaryl-based ultraviolet (UV) absorbers. These specialized molecules provide critical UV protection in transparent polymer and cosmetic packaging. Quality control focuses on residual monomer content and trace byproducts, as these affect both safety and color retention in downstream use. The molecular configuration is engineered to optimize absorption maxima for plastic stabilization.

    Industry compliance standards

    • FDA 21 CFR §177.1520 for additives in food-contact polymers
    • EN 71-3 (Toy Safety) for migration limits in consumer goods applications
    • GMP for raw materials used in cosmetic packaging
    • ISO 4582 for accelerated ageing testing

    Typical usage ratio

    • 1–6% by weight of UV absorber intermediate, adaptable for target spectral blocking range
    • Process initiator/catalyst systems adjusted for substituent variations

    Downstream process integration

    • Benzophenone synthesis via Friedel–Crafts acylation route
    • Direct incorporation as aromatic source in UV-absorber sidechain synthesis
    • Final products filtered and refined for colorless appearance

    Final product types

    • UV-protected PET and polycarbonate sheets
    • Food and beverage packaging films
    • Cosmetic container resins
    • Outdoor polymer structural components
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    Introducing 1,1-Diphenylethylene: A Foundation for Reliable Chemical Synthesis

    Trusted Molecular Building Block for Industry Innovation

    1,1-Diphenylethylene stands at the crossroads of demanding laboratory applications and day-to-day production requirements in chemical manufacturing. At our factory, our teams handle this compound from the ground up, working at scales that place consistent quality and process control at the center of our priorities. Over the years, countless clients in polymer, pharmaceutical, and specialty chemical markets have relied on the purity and reactivity we achieve with this product. Each batch brings with it our experience, our process improvements, and our focus on straight-ahead, reliable chemistry.

    Molecular Model and Properties

    The structure—C14H12—features two phenyl rings attached to the same ethylene carbon. This arrangement yields a stable, non-polar aromatic compound with significant reactivity potential, largely because the double bond shares influence with both phenyl groups. Typical samples appear as clear, colorless liquids with a mild aromatic odor. Moisture control during handling remains essential, since the double bond attracts oxidants and contaminants more than most saturated compounds. By deploying continuous quality checks and maintaining sealed storage systems, our teams keep the product dry and free of peroxides, ensuring both safety in handling and consistent reactivity for each customer use case.

    Applications in Polymer and Fine Chemical Production

    Our daily output of 1,1-Diphenylethylene mainly heads into two demanding sectors: polymerization and pharmaceutical intermediates. Chemists prize this olefin for its ability to stabilize radicals, especially during the production of polystyrene-type resins and rubbers. It shifts polymer mechanical characteristics, allowing for tailored rigidity or flexibility, depending on how formulators blend it into their recipes. On the fine chemical side, the molecule often acts as a precursor for crafting complex ligands, pharmaceutical scaffolds, and optical brighteners. Its reactivity offers chemists a way to introduce large aromatic frameworks into target compounds, expanding structural diversity without unnecessary functional complications or unpredictable byproducts.

    Production lines running for plastics add 1,1-Diphenylethylene to block copolymerization streams. The result is an impact on chain propagation and stability, and we have followed the evolution of these processes closely. In recent years, material scientists have come to appreciate the use of this compound to regulate molecular weight distribution, resulting in polymers that can hit specific flexibility, durability, and molding performance ranges. Our technicians frequently collaborate with customer R&D teams to tune product characteristics in line with current trends in lightweight automotive composites and consumer-device enclosures.

    The Experience Behind Quality

    Our manufacturing cycle starts with raw benzene derivatives chosen for their trace impurity profiles. Between hands-on sampling and in-line spectroscopy, every production run reflects the high standards we set for aromatic feedstocks. Skilled operators monitor every step, using a mix of classical fractionation and advanced distillation. This approach provides a high-purity product, meeting or exceeding 99.5 percent GC analysis, which is critical for both lab and continuous industrial processes. In practice, this level of control translates to lower risk of reaction side-products and more reproducible downstream results for our partners.

    There have been years when new market entrants produced inconsistent material—cloudy, yellowed liquids or product with detectable moisture by Karl Fischer titration. Those early headaches reinforced our investment in process safeguards, pressure regulation, and high-integrity inert gas blanketing. We see the direct results when returning clients reference the lack of peroxide byproduct in our batches. Technicians who have handled unknown-manufacturer products comment on the improved stability and faster batch turnaround when switching to our output. It’s a concrete difference that supports higher yields and less troubleshooting at every turn.

    Distinction from Other Arylethylenes

    The chemical industry offers a range of arylethylenes—styrene, α-methylstyrene, divinylbenzene—and each plays its role. 1,1-Diphenylethylene sets itself apart through its dual phenyl arrangement, which raises aromatic content and drops the volatility relative to styrene. This low volatility reduces evaporative losses in open reactors and batch finishing steps, a practical concern for handlers overseeing multi-tonne syntheses. Compared with more basic ethylenes, this diphenyl variant also blocks undesired cross-linking, giving a direct benefit in polymer strength control and surface finish.

    Whereas styrene’s single aromatic ring easily participates in uncontrolled side-reactions, the symmetrical structure of 1,1-Diphenylethylene helps to minimize such reactivity, providing more predictable outcomes. Polymer chemists working with expensive catalysts or fine-tuned radical initiators appreciate these features because fewer off-target reactions occur, and end-point properties stay closer to design.

    Handling Practices Born from Experience

    Factory teams appreciate the importance of personal safety and process reliability. 1,1-Diphenylethylene responds quickly to oxygen and heat, so we favor sealed systems with real-time environmental monitoring. Operators check peroxide content and run regular spectrophotometric scans, even outside the standard certification cycle. This attention to the details isn’t about ticking boxes—it’s a response to lessons learned when lesser monitoring led to lost production time and unnecessary batch quarantines. Contractors joining our blending rooms quickly adopt our drum handling routines: short transfer windows, careful inerting, and dedicated glass or stainless steel contact surfaces.

    Transport logistics follow similar lines. Our shipping supervisors select packaging, from steel drums to lined tankers, with attention to temperature stability and air-tight seals. Each outbound consignment receives a lot-specific analysis: GC fingerprint, purity statement, and detailed moisture determination. These are not only compliance documents. Practical experience has shown that certain destination climates can encourage slow peroxide formation, and our prevention steps minimize the chance of such degradation before product arrives at the customer’s door.

    Regulatory Perspectives and Market Changes

    Environmental and chemical safety laws shape how we operate and how our industry partners use 1,1-Diphenylethylene. In recent years, tighter transportation protocols and workplace exposure limits have prompted refinements in product purity and labeling clarity. Our regulatory team interacts directly with local authorities and updates practices rapidly, closing any lag between new legislation and on-the-floor handling. Customers working under ISO, REACH, or similar regimes have highlighted our proactive involvement, which removes delays in qualification or certification at their sites.

    Supply chain disruptions—even those outside our region—have forced tougher raw material selection and more robust sourcing for starting aromatics. We’ve kept quality standards unbroken, preferring to suspend shipments briefly rather than risk compromised material identity or purity. Our position as a producer, not a reseller or global trading outfit, means that our teams retain full control over the production environment and shipping schedules, tightening up traceability and response times whenever needs shift.

    Supporting Research and Process Improvements

    Laboratory and pilot plant teams regularly collaborate with customers who are evolving their formulations. Requests for large-lot homogeneity and new packaging sizes come up as market needs shift. Our platform supports both, using agile batch scheduling and linked warehousing for quick turnaround. Chemists from academic research labs, plastic compounding shops, and pharmaceutical intermediates synthesis lines have visited our plant to examine quality controls in action and have often left with workshop ideas for both sides.

    Customer feedback has also shaped our documentation. In response to requests for more transparent analytical reporting, we publish chromatograms and spectral data for each order. Discussions during technical audits emphasize the importance of real impurity profiles, not only headline purity numbers, giving process engineers greater confidence when scaling up new products. This knowledge sharing reduces risk for everyone: project timelines shrink, while unforeseen side-product formation drops.

    Meeting Growing Demands for Sustainable Chemistry

    Sustainability remains a central challenge. Clean, efficient aromatic chemistry doesn’t always line up with current ‘green’ matrices, but targeted improvements matter. We’ve reduced benzene consumption through process recycling loops, allowing starting material recovery after each distillation cycle. Waste minimization doesn’t only happen in theory—operators retrieve and reprocess side fractions wherever possible, slashing total solvent consumption and lessening the volume headed for disposal. Real improvements show up in reduced solvent usage statistics and fewer spent drums at the dock.

    Efforts to lessen the toxicity profile of catalysts used in copolymerizations involving 1,1-Diphenylethylene trace directly to field requests. Customers want finished materials free of antimony and other regulated metals, so we invest in process trials with alternative initiators and post-process refining. Where possible, we partner with downstream users to reclaim spent catalyst for tertiary use, allowing both environmental and cost benefits to accumulate beyond our own fence line.

    Anticipating Market Trends and New Applications

    Markets never stay still. As lightweight composites expand in automotive and electronics, calls for engineered resins with higher rigidity and improved thermal stability keep increasing. 1,1-Diphenylethylene, with its dual phenyl backbone, supplies a ready-made solution for enhancing polystyrene derivatives, providing a clear pathway to stiffer, stronger molded parts. Polymer scientists searching for improved flow processing without giving up hardness often blend this compound into next-generation thermoplastics; our QA routines ensure each batch delivers the characteristics needed for tight physical performance requirements.

    On the pharmaceutical side, researchers chase new scaffolds for drug synthesis—especially intermediates that need clean, aryl-rich frameworks—and our experience supplying high-purity 1,1-Diphenylethylene gives these programs a head start. Reliable stereochemistry and low byproduct levels mean less time on purification, more time on target molecule development.

    Customer Support Grown from Manufacturing Knowhow

    Every support request funnels through those who have hands-on plant experience. Incoming queries on process troubleshooting or batch quality details receive direct attention from operators and technical staff, not only sales agents. This technical bench strength has solved many customer problems, from resolving polymerization delays to troubleshooting storage conditions that led to unexpected color shift. Familiarity with the product means conversations start with practical details—temperature records, impurity signatures, process cycle duration—rather than generic support scripts. Our team values these collaborations, seeing the shared benefit in speeding up new project launches and eliminating costly downtime for our partners.

    Summary of Benefits and Outlook

    Working as both manufacturer and supplier, we handle every aspect of 1,1-Diphenylethylene, from raw materials to final quality sign-off. The advantages our direct control brings to clients show up both in peace of mind and in reliable, repeatable outcomes. Through each production cycle, our teams put concrete experience into every shipment, supporting both daily plant demands and long-term innovation projects. As industries push for lighter, stronger materials and faster, cleaner synthesis, we keep this product at the highest standards for purity, consistency, and downstream processability.

    The future points to even tighter controls, smarter waste recovery, and cross-industry partnerships for improved performance in every application—from critical polymer applications to pioneering pharmaceutical routes. Our commitment, rooted in practical experience and direct customer collaboration, carries forward as the demand for 1,1-Diphenylethylene continues to grow and evolve across the world’s most advanced sectors.