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Vanadyl Sulfate

    • Product Name Vanadyl Sulfate
    • Alias VOSO4
    • Einecs 231-987-8
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
    VTB
    Specifications

    HS Code

    348457

    Chemical Name Vanadyl Sulfate
    Chemical Formula VOSO4
    Molecular Weight 163.01 g/mol
    Appearance Blue crystalline solid
    Solubility Soluble in water
    Melting Point 700°C (decomposes)
    Cas Number 27774-13-6
    Oxidation State +4 (vanadium)
    Common Uses Dietary supplement, laboratory reagent
    Storage Conditions Store in a cool, dry place
    Synonyms Vanadium(IV) oxide sulfate, Vanadyl(IV) sulfate
    Density 2.4 g/cm³
    Hazards Harmful if swallowed, causes irritation

    As an accredited Vanadyl Sulfate factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing Vanadyl Sulfate, 500g – Supplied in a sealed, sturdy HDPE bottle with tamper-evident cap and clear hazard labeling for laboratory use.
    Shipping Vanadyl Sulfate should be shipped in tightly sealed containers, clearly labeled, and protected from moisture and incompatible substances. Transport in accordance with local, national, and international regulations for hazardous chemicals. Ensure containers are secure, upright, and protected from physical damage during transit. Appropriate documentation and safety data sheets must accompany the shipment.
    Storage Vanadyl sulfate should be stored in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area. Keep it away from moisture, incompatible materials (such as strong oxidizers and acids), and direct sunlight. Proper labeling and secure storage are important, and access should be restricted to trained personnel. Store at room temperature and avoid generating dust during handling.
    Application of Vanadyl Sulfate

    Applications of Vanadyl Sulfate in Industrial Manufacturing

    As a direct manufacturer, we supply vanadyl sulfate for a range of heavy industry sectors where its catalytic, electrochemical, and nutritional properties enable precise control of downstream processes. Each application listed below outlines specific uses in real production environments, integrating regulatory, technical, and commercial requirements.

    1. Sulfuric Acid Catalyst in Contact Process

    Many industrial producers employ vanadyl sulfate as a catalytic precursor or promoter during the sulfuric acid contact process. Its addition enhances vanadium pentoxide catalyst activity by boosting sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide conversion efficiency in multi-stage fixed-bed reactors, requiring strict control over particle size, impurity profile, and delivery method to meet process consistency and environmental controls.

    Industry compliance standards

    • GB/T 534-2002 (Sulfuric Acid for Industrial Use)
    • ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management System
    • REACH compliance for transported vanadium compounds (EU)
    • Environmental impact controls under 40 CFR Part 63 (US EPA NESHAP for sulfuric acid production)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.35–0.65% by weight of catalyst bed, calculated based on SO2 concentration and target throughput

    Downstream process integration

    • Operators dose vanadyl sulfate hydrate or solution during vanadium catalyst regeneration or fresh bed charging, either through direct slurry feeding or aqueous dissolution ahead of sulfur dioxide oxidation zones.

    Final product types

    • Industrial grade sulfuric acid (H2SO4), including fertilizer-grade and electronic-grade acid
    • Fume-suppressed sulfur trioxide (SO3) intermediates
    • Spent catalyst for metal recovery

    2. Electrolyte Component in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

    Grid energy storage manufacturers rely on vanadyl sulfate as a soluble vanadium(IV) source for preparing positive half-electrolyte solutions in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). Batch consistency, trace metal impurity limits, and concentration adjustment are critical for maximizing charge/discharge stability, capacity retention, and cell safety during megawatt-scale battery production and operation.

    Industry compliance standards

    • IEC 62932-1:2020 for flow battery systems
    • UL 1973 safety for stationary battery systems
    • ISO 14001 for waste minimization during electrolyte management
    • Client-specific technical standards for Fe, Cl, and heavy metal impurities

    Typical usage ratio

    • 1.6–2.0 mol/L vanadium ion concentration in electrolyte, as vanadyl sulfate pentahydrate, adjusted according to desired energy density

    Downstream process integration

    • Producers dissolve purified vanadyl sulfate in deionized water, add sulfuric acid to reach the target electrolyte composition, and filter before storage and battery filling. Quality control monitors color, clarity, and redox potential per batch.

    Final product types

    • Grid-scale VRFB electrolyte solutions
    • Pre-mixed VRFB refill kits
    • Custom electrolyte formulations for telecom, renewable, and utility energy storage units

    3. Additive for Steel Alloying and Production of Non-Ferrous Alloys

    Steelmakers and alloy foundries use vanadyl sulfate as a controlled source of vanadium in the melting stage for microalloyed steels and certain high-performance alloys, providing uniform distribution and high recovery rates compared to traditional slag additions. Traceable feedstock and precise metering help meet both mechanical and corrosion performance targets in demanding sectors such as automotive and construction.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ASTM A988/A988M-21 for vanadium alloy steel castings
    • ISO 4957 for tool and alloy steels
    • RoHS and REACH (EU) for vanadium content disclosure
    • Internal QC protocols for alloy chemistry verification (OES/ICP)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.04–0.15% vanadium by weight of finished steel or alloy; adjusted based on melt volume and targeted mechanical properties

    Downstream process integration

    • Foundry personnel add the sulfate salt directly into the molten iron, often together with reductants or fluxes, ensuring full dissolution and preventing local vanadium concentration spikes. Soxhlet- or co-addition with iron vanadium master alloys may occur in custom microalloying lines.

    Final product types

    • High-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels
    • Rebar, rails, plates for infrastructure
    • Wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant tool steels
    • Aluminum-vanadium-titanium master alloys for aerospace

    4. Pharmaceutical-Grade Mineral Supplement Manufacturing

    Human and veterinary nutrition companies use high purity vanadyl sulfate in the synthesis of mineral supplements and formulated tablets, following strict pharmacopoeia standards. Solubility, bioavailability, and contaminant control are essential, as is documentation of traceability from raw material through finished product batches for dietary supplement manufacturers and contract packagers working under cGMP regulations.

    Industry compliance standards

    • United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and European Pharmacopoeia (Ph.Eur.) monographs for minerals
    • 21 CFR Part 111 (US FDA Current Good Manufacturing Practices for dietary supplements)
    • ISO 22000 for food safety management
    • Prop 65 compliance (California, for vanadium)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.5–10 mg vanadium per tablet or capsule, equivalent to 1–36 mg vanadyl sulfate pentahydrate per daily dose, adjusted according to formulation and target demographic

    Downstream process integration

    • Formulators blend vanadyl sulfate with excipients in ribbon blenders, then compress into tablets or fill softgels/capsules. Strict in-process controls check uniformity, trace metals, and dissolution rates, with batch records to ensure regulatory compliance.

    Final product types

    • Stand-alone vanadium mineral supplements (tablets, capsules)
    • Multivitamin/mineral blends
    • Sports nutrition and metabolic support products
    • Veterinary trace element supplements

    5. Laboratory Reagent for Analytical Chemistry and Research

    Research institutions and analytical service providers obtain vanadyl sulfate as a chromogenic and redox titration reagent, especially in spectrophotometric quantification of peroxide species, microelement detection, and organic synthesis catalysis. Lot-specific purity and exact hydration level are critical for valid and reproducible results in accredited laboratories and regulated testing environments.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO/IEC 17025 laboratory accreditation
    • ASTM D516 for sulfate analysis method references
    • Certificate of Analysis (CoA) traceability for reagent-grade chemicals
    • GLP (Good Laboratory Practices) documentation

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.1–5 g/L working solution concentration, depending on assay method or titration stoichiometry

    Downstream process integration

    • Technicians prepare vanadyl sulfate standards or working solutions shortly before use, dissolve and filter as required, and calibrate against known secondary references.

    Final product types

    • Validated analytical test reports
    • Certified chemical standards and calibrators
    • Research compounds for in vitro studies
    • Academic and contract laboratory services outputs
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    Vanadyl Sulfate: The Value Behind Our Manufacturing Process

    Why We Developed Our Vanadyl Sulfate

    Vanadyl sulfate brings together years of chemical engineering and consistent process control. Chemists and technical staff in factories like ours watch every step, from raw vanadium input to final filtration. Before we added vanadyl sulfate to our line, we tracked requests from energy storage pioneers, pigment formulators, animal feed blenders, and researchers. This compound distinguishes itself with a brilliant blue color, which is clear proof of its V(IV) oxidation state. Handling this material for years teaches lessons about avoiding adulteration, loss of crystal integrity, and cross-contamination. Customers come to us when they want to trust that their vanadyl sulfate delivers the correct oxidation state, purity, and hydration grade batch after batch.

    What Sets Our Product Apart

    There is no shortage of suppliers labeling jars as “Vanadyl Sulfate” and calling it a day. We focus on what goes inside—and what does not. Our process anchors quality at the start: solvent selection, controlled atmosphere work, pH monitoring, and verification that off-color crystals never reach our packing line. Whether shipping to a lithium-vanadium redox battery startup or a lab-scale pigment formulator, the product comes with well-characterized physical and chemical parameters. We monitor sulfate content, vanadium mass fraction, residual heavy metals, water content, and crystalline form using colorimetric, gravimetric, and spectroscopic methods. This close pairing between what comes off the production line and what customers need has built trust over the years.

    Physical Features and Specifications

    Exposing vanadyl sulfate to moisture, varied temperatures, and different packaging materials has led many to learn the hard way about stability. Our main model, typically supplied as the blue crystalline pentahydrate (VOSO4 · 5H2O), demonstrates excellent shelf life under sealed conditions. The thin, shard-shaped crystals dissolve in water at room temperature to form transparent blue solutions. The color and solubility are direct indicators of oxidation state and absence of impurities. Batch certificates reflect vanadium (IV) content generally targeted above 99.5%, low insoluble residue, and iron, chromium, or copper below 10 parts per million.

    In the early days, packaging in moisture-permeable containers or rushing drying steps produced mixed results—sometimes leading to product caking, degradation of color, or sluggish dissolution. Now, all product leaves our site in tested, dry, inert-sealed bags within rigid drums. That detail matters most to large-scale battery manufacturers and feed compounders relying on predictable performance and long storage.

    Uses and Real-World Applications

    Vanadyl sulfate’s unique reactivity and color open doors across markets. Over the last decade, redox flow batteries became the flashpoint for industrial-scale adoption. Battery integrators count on precise, contaminant-free vanadyl sulfate to deliver consistent cell voltages over many cycles. Even one percent drift in vanadium content or the presence of iron can wreck operational performance in energy storage. We see these customers sending detailed requests for custom packaging, larger-size supply contracts, and on-site technical visits.

    In pigment manufacture, customers prefer our crystal form for its handling characteristics and low dustiness. They mix our vanadyl sulfate into glass, ceramic, or plastic batches, unlocking blue and green shades that can’t be reproduced with copper. In animal nutrition, the strict low-heavy-metal content matters—feed blender clients use vanadyl sulfate to supplement trace mineral packages, expecting batch uniformity to avoid overdosing livestock. Zinc plating and chemical research users benefit from complete solubility and volume stability. Stringent controls allow formulations to progress without recalculating reagent weights or accounting for lots shifting in water of hydration content.

    Comparing to Other Vanadium Compounds

    Direct comparisons with vanadium pentoxide, ammonium metavanadate, or vanadate salts come up whenever clients change process formulations. Vanadyl sulfate brings in V(IV)—not V(V)—providing redox properties tuned to specific electrochemical and catalytic roles. Vanadium pentoxide, while ubiquitous, offers a higher oxidation state and shows different reactivity profiles. Researchers switching from metavanadate often find the sulfate form more manageable for aqueous work, producing direct color changes and solution clarity.

    Choosing among these vanadium compounds is rarely about simple price. Handling properties, toxicity, solubility profiles, and oxidation/reduction pathways factor in. In our experience, battery producers rarely substitute other vanadium salts for vanadyl sulfate without accepting significant performance loss. Feed supplement formulators and pigment users often rely on the blue sulfate for its visibility and documented safety history. The fact remains: our production avoids chromium and arsenic cross-contamination—hazards still found in some pentoxide pathways.

    Quality Control and Support—A Manufacturer’s Perspective

    We built our in-house laboratory for daily analysis: titration rigs, UV-Vis spectrometers, and ICP-OES units running nearly every day. Packing staff hold random samples for spot-checking, and technical sales personnel field queries directly from technical buyers. Issues—such as a reported shipment with unexpected turbidity or some lots not dissolving as promised—don’t get brushed aside. We track each batch back to the raw incoming vanadium source, hydration schedule, drying profile, and packing line operator. Mistakes teach improvement; for example, after receiving a single complaint about particle separation during transit, we re-examined moisture barriers and changed suppliers for our inner liners.

    Clients request new specifications year after year as regulations and industrial demands shift. Instead of fighting changes, our approach commits resources to updating certificates of analysis and accommodating modified minimum purity, lower metal limits, or custom hydration levels. Working with vanadyl sulfate brings both predictable workflows and constant adaptation. What works for battery electrolyte last year could fall short after a change in cell design. By staying close to users at every step—through phone calls, shared test results, or customer audits—improvements in process and product come naturally.

    Environmental Impact, Worker Safety, and Compliance

    Years of handling vanadium-bearing compounds in bulk have deepened our respect for environmental management. Vanadyl sulfate does not volatilize, but it introduces real disposal considerations, especially for rinse waters and dried residues. We installed on-site waste treatment to catch traces before groundwater contact. Regulatory changes mean site chemists review not just product purity but also effluent and dust controls. Employee training goes well beyond surface instructions. Routinely, staff suit up in PPE and log safety sessions—spills, solutions management, and proper loading protocols are the weak links where accidents happen.

    On the regulatory front, international markets continually raise the bar for permissible trace metals and transportation documentation. Our team tracks the latest European and North American safety limits for vanadium and ensures each batch’s certificate reflects the needed standards. These investments have kept us off incident lists and built confidence among importers and end users. Honest, visible reporting about what’s in each delivery matters more each year.

    The Experience Behind Each Batch

    Producing vanadyl sulfate is about more than pushing product through equipment. Over time, staff earn practical intuition—how blue the crystals must be, which raw vanadium sources produce the cleanest runs, and how a small tweak in crystallizer temperature affects final particle size. From the early-morning shift technician to the late-night QA lab lead, real people closely watch the process. Veterans in our team can often spot off-spec material just by folding open a bag or swirling a beaker of freshly dissolved product.

    Every client using vanadyl sulfate for batteries, pigments, research, or nutrition sees the results of those hands-on decisions. Each successful shipment represents not just chemical synthesis, but also deep operational habits—routine calibration audits, preventive maintenance, summer heat-shield retrofits, and the ability to answer customer concerns with direct lab data instead of vague guarantees.

    Looking Ahead: Continuous Improvement

    Vanadyl sulfate continues to fuel growth in cutting-edge energy and material segments. As global shifts drive up technical standards, we expand both laboratory and manufacturing investments. Recent years have seen us integrate real-time reaction monitoring and automated drying to reduce off-spec output. Partnering with equipment providers and academic researchers gives us early access to the next round of quality control methods. Industry demands transparency—and we match it by opening up more data-sharing, technical documentation, and customer engagement than ever.

    We also keep open lines for feedback from every client, from researchers conducting milligram-scale redox assays to engineers loading tanker trucks for battery farms. Each perspective shapes our understanding of what matters, which raises product value in the market. It’s not just about meeting a spec. It’s about remaining flexible for special lots, responding to regulation changes, and investing in process upgrades that pay dividends for everyone handling and relying on vanadyl sulfate.

    Summary: Why Vanadyl Sulfate Remains a Core Specialty

    Years spent producing vanadyl sulfate confirm its essential place across industries where precise chemistry and traceability count. Technical requirements from batteries and pigments to nutrition and research have raised the bar for quality and reliability. Meeting those benchmarks requires tight internal control, constant investment, and an open exchange with customers. Our hands-on experience, rigorous testing, and attention to evolving expectations set our vanadyl sulfate apart from basic commodity alternatives. Knowing the product—its quirks, strengths, and unique behaviors—remains our greatest asset as manufacturers and partners in innovation.