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HS Code |
477835 |
| Chemicalname | Hydrocyanic Acid |
| Othernames | Prussic Acid |
| Casnumber | 74-90-8 |
| Molecularformula | HCN |
| Appearance | Colorless to pale blue liquid |
| Odor | Bitter almond-like odor |
| Concentration | ≤20% |
| Boilingpoint | 25.6°C (78.1°F) |
| Meltingpoint | -13.4°C (7.9°F) |
| Density | 0.687 g/cm³ at 20°C |
| Solubility | Miscible with water, ethanol, and ether |
| Vaporpressure | 630 mmHg at 20°C |
| Ph | Approximately 5 (at 20% solution) |
| Flashpoint | -18°C (closed cup) |
| Unnumber | UN 1613 |
As an accredited Hydrocyanic Acid [Content ≤20%] factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Sealed, corrosion-resistant 1-liter glass bottle with airtight cap, labeled “Hydrocyanic Acid [≤20%],” featuring hazardous and toxic warnings. |
| Shipping | Hydrocyanic Acid (content ≤20%) should be shipped in tightly sealed, corrosion-resistant containers under cool, well-ventilated conditions. Containers must be properly labeled and accompanied by appropriate hazard documentation. Transport should comply with regulations for toxic and volatile substances, ensuring measures to prevent leaks, exposure, or environmental contamination during handling and transit. |
| Storage | Hydrocyanic Acid [Content ≤20%] should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated, and locked area, away from direct sunlight, heat sources, acids, and oxidizers. Use tightly sealed, corrosion-resistant containers with appropriate hazard labeling. Ensure storage areas have detectors and spill control provisions. Access should be restricted to trained personnel, and emergency equipment, such as eyewash stations and cyanide antidotes, must be readily available. |
Applications of Hydrocyanic Acid [Content ≤20%] in Industrial ManufacturingAs a direct manufacturer of compliant hydrocyanic acid solutions with concentration ≤20%, we supply this foundational intermediate for precisely controlled transformations across multiple established chemical industries. Downstream users leverage our product for strict process integration aligned with sector-specific safety, quality, and regulatory benchmarks. Below we detail proven industrial uses, with a focus on each application’s regulatory framework, input formulation, operational step, and downstream product output. 1. Adiponitrile Production for Synthetic Fiber PrecursorsMajor producers in the polyamide value chain utilize hydrocyanic acid as a key reactant for generating adiponitrile, an essential precursor for nylon 6,6 fiber and resin. The chemical’s controlled reactivity supports the butadiene hydrocyanation process, which must comply with rigorous occupational safety and environmental standards. Process engineers precisely meter ≤20% HCN solution based on reaction kinetics and conversion targets in closed systems to minimize operator exposure. Final products are intermediates for engineering plastics, tire cord fibers, and textiles. Industry compliance standards
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2. Methionine Synthesis for Feed AdditivesHydrocyanic acid solutions serve as direct reactants in the Strecker synthesis route to DL-methionine, widely used as an essential amino acid supplement in animal nutrition. This application requires strict food/feed-grade cyanide purity, batch traceability, and adherence to food safety regulations throughout the entire value chain. Technical teams optimize dosage according to stoichiometric requirements and specific process yields for each batch size. The final methionine product undergoes comprehensive QC prior to feed blending. Industry compliance standards
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3. Manufacture of Acetone Cyanohydrin for Methyl Methacrylate (MMA) ProductionThe MMA industry integrates hydrocyanic acid as a direct reactant to produce acetone cyanohydrin, supporting the catalytic process for bulk methyl methacrylate monomer. This application operates under stringent chemical process safety protocols and product purity specifications that require continuous composition monitoring and trace cyanide management. Formulation technicians calibrate the acid addition ratio to ensure complete conversion and minimize waste, feeding into a continuous acetone cyanohydrin process with downstream esterification. Industry compliance standards
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4. Production of Sodium Cyanide for Precious Metals ExtractionIn precious metals beneficiation, especially gold mining, hydrocyanic acid acts as a key intermediate in the manufacture of sodium cyanide used for heap leaching and ore processing. Only manufacturers with robust containment and environmental safeguards can supply for this downstream stage, as regulations for cyanide transport, storage, and waste management are among the strictest in mineral extraction. Chemical dosing is based on plant size and leach circuit demand to ensure supply chain continuity without overstorage risks. Industry compliance standards
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5. Acrylic Fiber and Polyacrylate Intermediate SynthesisHydrocyanic acid at up to 20% content finds use in the manufacture of acrylonitrile via ammoxidation, which then feeds directly into acrylic fiber spinning and emulsion polymerization for surface coatings. Production sites implement stringent raw material monitoring and effluent control to satisfy both product and environmental certifications. Formulators adapt the injection concentration to fit process kinetics and emission abatement system thresholds throughout continuous or batch operations. Industry compliance standards
Typical usage ratio
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Working in chemical manufacturing brings a certain responsibility. At our plant, every batch represents not only chemistry but also real-world impact on people, infrastructure, and industries. Hydrocyanic acid, also known as hydrogen cyanide solution, is no exception. Walk through our facility and you’ll notice strict protocols and tangible caution, not because we distrust the material, but because we understand its power and value. With a content level not exceeding 20%, this product finds its way into demanding applications—where absolute control and dependable supply matter as much as chemical purity.
Hydrocyanic acid is famous for its sharp almond-like odor and volatility. In manufacturing, anything that volatile likes to keep you on your toes. Our experience handling this product daily confirms what the literature says: stabilization and safe handling make all the difference. The difference between a process that runs smoothly and one that brings hard stops comes down to people following procedures built on genuine experience.
Hydrocyanic acid with content ≤20% is not a commodity splashed around in high school labs. Most direct users are professionals in specialty synthesis or large-scale processing. There’s a clear reason for the 20% cutoff; above that concentration, the product takes on an entirely different risk profile. Working with these lower concentrations brings significant benefits. In practice, it reduces evaporative loss and allows for easier management of shipping and storage in regulated tanks or containment. We know this firsthand, having handled higher grades in the past where more aggressive safety barriers take over both cost and logistics.
Inside real factories, not everything is about raw numbers on a spec sheet. What matters more is repeatability and process security. At ≤20% concentration, hydrocyanic acid maintains chemical effectiveness where high reactivity is needed but lets users avoid many pitfalls linked to pure or nearly pure grades. This finding isn’t theoretical; we’ve witnessed clients reduce their incident rates after making the switch. Skilled operators look for that sweet spot, where they get reactivity but skip over some of the operational headaches.
Ask any plant engineer managing fumigation runs for acrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate, or sodium cyanide production: control at this concentration guards against unwanted runaway reactions. These use cases demand responsiveness from suppliers who not only understand the chemical pathway involved but routinely inspect shipments, monitor for signs of degradation, and support safe pumping, transfer, and waste handling environments—because mistakes just cost too much.
Choosing a sub-20% concentration isn’t about cutting corners; it’s about knowledge in action. We’ve experimented across batch sizes and observed how product stability improves in the real world. Storage tanks keep their integrity for longer. Transfer lines show less incident corrosion. Services and MRO teams come by less often to replace gaskets burned out by off-gassing. Each of these details carries weight in a setting where every stop costs thousands per hour.
Focusing on hydrocyanic acid as a raw chemical, there’s a temptation to look for ready-made alternatives. Some labs try to prep cyanide salts or even attempt on-site generation of HCN gas. The field reality has proven those methods often bring more headache than solution. Cyanide salts require neutralization and careful control of byproduct waste, something compliance inspectors take seriously. Generating HCN on-site throws a wrench into risk management—even skilled chemists can’t ignore mechanical failures or leaks that spring up unexpectedly.
What users really need is a dependable feedstock they can pump and meter directly. This is clear with chemical synthesis for pharmaceuticals, where tight chain-of-custody is mandated at every step. At 20% or below, hydrocyanic acid lets firms fulfill these exacting requirements without adding undue hazard. Operators who’ve worked both ends see the improvement: the transition from dry powder or on-site generation brings fewer down days and a more predictable environment.
No one in our field gets away with shortcutting process safety. The lessons from Bhopal and other accidents have shaped every aspect of facility design—including ours. Plants that use hydrocyanic acid in their daily runs insist on closed systems, scrubbers, and constant sensor checks. Concentration at or below 20% provides a built-in margin of safety, especially during transfer, dilution, or neutralization stages.
We don’t make safety recommendations lightly. Years back, we helped a facility switch from a 50% to 20% solution. Immediately, their incident logs shrank. Equipment lasted longer. Both inhalation risk to staff and threat of uncontrolled emission fell by more than half. These aren’t theoretical improvements. Fewer shutdowns and less lost product show up on the bottom line—plus, it’s easier to train new operators on systems with a little more forgiveness in the chemistry.
Chemical manufacturing thrives on lessons learned, not promises. The feedback loops we see with end-users come straight back to R&D and process optimization. Every improvement, from packaging formats to process controls, gets baked into the next batch—and in a regulated environment, every gain counts.
Quality assurance isn’t a regulatory check-box; it’s real work. Every batch gets tracked from raw precursor through to shipment. Hydrocyanic acid presents its own analytical quirks—monitoring pH, looking for potential polymer formation, and screening for trace metals or organic residues. Operators want to trust what leaves the fill line, because the stakes are high.
Traceability goes beyond a paperwork trail. We’ve built lab teams who sample every run and compare outcomes with what process control systems predict. Discovering a minor deviation early means we never ship a product with unexpected reactivity. Our own staff are experienced enough to spot if a small batch runs hotter than usual or a color shift signals impurity intrusion. This real-world QA makes a big difference; as a manufacturer, you either catch issues at the tank or the customer will spot them ten times more expensively.
Supply chain reliability counts for a lot in this space. We field calls from users who need uninterrupted feed for fumigation, synthesis, or electroplating. An unexpected shortfall means expensive plant outages. Building up stocks of sub-20% hydrocyanic acid helps buffer these swings. We’ve learned how important it is to offer not just product but practical delivery schedules, clear documentation, and on-site technical checks when requested.
There are projects that stick with you. A client operating in fine chemical synthesis started having uneven yields and off-odors down the line. By tracing the problem, we found impurities drifting in from lower-cost supply. Switching them to our hydrocyanic acid at ≤20% stopped batch rejection and stabilized their process, giving confidence back to their QC team. Their plant reporting was clear—zero process hazards for three consecutive years after the switch.
On another occasion, a plating facility specializing in precious metal finishing contacted us about sudden color shifts in finished lots. After an on-site visit, our troubleshooting teams identified micro-droplets escaping during transfer from high-concentration product. Introducing the controlled sub-20% grade, along with improved fittings and a tailored fill process, turned a chronic quality drain into a resolved issue with less than two weeks’ adjustment.
Some days, our own technicians flag opportunities we hadn’t seen before. Testing new storage tanks built for organic solvents, a few trials with lower-concentration hydrocyanic acid reduced corrosion rates dramatically. Asking our parts vendor for feedback, we got news they faced fewer replacement requests linked to vapor pitting. That feedback loop, from factory floor to finished goods, shapes how we design not just products but our future R&D.
Hydrocyanic acid’s risks are real, and ignoring them isn’t an option. That’s why our plant enforces procedural discipline—a signed, double-reviewed checklist for every fill, transfer, and blend. We lend support offsite as well, providing updated handling guidance to end-users across sectors. Whether agriculture, chemical synthesis, or mining, every application brings its own quirks. The reality is, no two plants operate exactly alike, so custom support often solves minor issues before they grow larger.
The field never sits still, and neither do the regulations. Emerging compliance rules push for stricter storage containment, advanced neutralization steps, and digital audit trails. Our job is to stay ahead, making adjustments in real time as both industry best practices and legal standards move forward. The same goes for process integration: feeding feedback from our users directly into our internal process improvement cycles.
Training plays as big a role as any tank or analyzer. Over years, we’ve brought dozens of new staff up to standard through hands-on, scenario-based teaching. Every new operator runs trial sessions—identifying leaks, responding to alarm tests, running through containment drills. The safer the crew, the steadier the operation, and the more companies can count on consistent product flow for their processes.
From our vantage point, hydrocyanic acid links into wide industrial chains. In the plastics sector, acrylonitrile starts with a cyanide source. Mining houses call in with demand to refine precious metals, where consistent cyanide supply keeps hydraulic leaching on track. For the agricultural sector, fumigation treatments enable higher crop yields, though most regions require professional application and tight controls. Our work touches multiple sectors—all with different technical demands and delivery cycles.
We’ve seen market cycles wax and wane. In times of high agricultural demand, we ramp up to meet fumigant orders directed at post-harvest grain storage. Off-cycle, pharmaceutical or mining needs may take the lead. These shifts teach one thing: adaptability matters. Inventory planning, both in terms of onsite stocks and raw feed integration, shapes our response to end-user needs.
We learn on every project. Each time a new customer brings us challenges—special vessel materials, climate-controlled supply, or traceability upgrades—we adapt our batches and documentation. In one notable example, a downstream user asked for custom packaging that fit into restricted-access caged bunkers. Working with them, we developed drum-lifting hardware tailored to their plant’s space. The trust and feedback cycle forms the backbone of improvement, giving us real benchmarks beyond what standards say on paper.
Being a chemical manufacturer brings responsibility to both end-users and the earth. There’s no shortcutting environmental controls with hydrocyanic acid. Stack scrubbers, runoff recovery, and effluent neutralization systems form part of the backbone of our operation. Every tank and valve is reviewed under strict maintenance schedules. We’ve tightened our particulate and gas phase emissions, not just because authorities watch, but because we want our facility to run for decades, not years.
Across the industry, environmental focus grows daily. End-users expect their suppliers to demonstrate more than lip service to stewardship. We share performance data, invite regulatory review, and complete annual third-party audits—even before they became standard practice. We put as much care into waste handling and emergency preparedness as we do batch optimization or logistical planning.
Partnerships further progress. Local agencies supply insight on shifting rules. International customers bring knowledge of emerging global standards. By listening and collaborating, we keep our practices strong and shape our research along with operational habits. One key lesson: environmental wins often lead to operational gains. The latest improvements lowered both measured cyanide emissions and maintenance costs—those details help, both on the plant ledger and out in the world.
In the chemical sector, promises mean little without evidence. Documentation trails tie every lot of hydrocyanic acid [content ≤20%] back to its root feedstock and handling steps. Audits, both internal and by customer teams, pass through with focus on both numbers and observable shop-floor practices. We see every proof-of-delivery as a signal to reinforce standards.
Trust isn’t built overnight or with sales talk. It emerges as clients see year-over-year performance, including during tough times. Weather disruptions, shortages in feedstock, or logistics hiccups—our ability to flex and solve becomes the metric customers measure us by most. Repeated supply, callout support, and issue-solving set us apart from resellers or distribution intermediaries, who don’t bear the deep responsibility for what goes into or leaves production lines.
We maintain an open channel for problem-solving, with technical leads available for tough troubleshooting. Where a minor tweak, change in drum closure, or inspection routine can improve site safety, we make it happen. Over time, these practices ensure every transfer of hydrocyanic acid, from our fill lines through to customer tanks, stands up to scrutiny—from operators, auditors, and regulators alike.
Manufacturing chemistry never holds still. Changes in global sourcing, new automation controls, and digital data tracking alter the daily rhythms of the plant. We see opportunities on the horizon: advanced monitoring for trace contaminants, digital integration between customer ERP and our batching systems, and remote support for process control optimization. These are not distant goals; we have built pilot lines and trialed software to get there.
The push for lower waste, better energy efficiency, and even safer processes never ends. Every time we try a new pump, tank material, or contamination sensor, it’s with an eye to how the improvements will ripple into lower incident rates or tighter product consistency. Our growth comes from both internal process refinement and outside partnerships—with users, materials suppliers, and technical experts who help us keep standards advancing.
Ultimately, the effectiveness of hydrocyanic acid [content ≤20%] will continue to matter as chemical manufacturing diversifies and supply chains become more dynamic. For users depending on this product, from mines to pharma labs, the partnership with authentic, hands-on manufacturers provides not just a feedstock but a link in a safety-first, reliability-driven chain.