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Cadmium Chloride

    • Product Name Cadmium Chloride
    • Alias CdCl2
    • Einecs 233-296-7
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
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    Specifications

    HS Code

    584613

    Chemical Name Cadmium Chloride
    Chemical Formula CdCl2
    Molar Mass 183.32 g/mol
    Appearance White crystalline solid
    Solubility In Water 140 g/100 mL (20°C)
    Melting Point 568 °C
    Boiling Point 960 °C
    Density 4.05 g/cm³
    Odor Odorless
    Cas Number 10108-64-2
    Ph Aqueous Solution 4.0-6.0 (50 g/L at 20°C)
    Toxicity Highly toxic

    As an accredited Cadmium Chloride factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing Cadmium Chloride, 500g, is packaged in a sealed amber glass bottle with a hazard label and secure screw cap for safety.
    Shipping Cadmium chloride should be shipped in tightly sealed, corrosion-resistant containers, clearly labeled with hazard warnings. It must comply with international and local hazardous materials regulations—typically UN Number 2570. During transport, it requires secondary containment and protection from moisture. Only trained personnel should handle shipping, and proper documentation is mandatory.
    Storage Cadmium chloride should be stored in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from incompatible substances such as strong acids, bases, and oxidizers. Keep it away from sources of heat, moisture, and direct sunlight. Clearly label the container and store it in a designated poison or hazardous materials cabinet to prevent accidental exposure.
    Application of Cadmium Chloride

    Applications of Cadmium Chloride in Industrial Manufacturing

    As a direct producer of cadmium chloride, we support specialized applications in key industrial sectors where this compound plays a critical technical role. Our chemical is manufactured to meet consistently tight specifications and delivered with full traceability, supporting responsible supply chains. Below we summarize major downstream sectors, listing known industry standards, operational usage ranges, integration points, and primary end products.

    1. Electroplating of Specialized Industrial Components

    Cadmium chloride acts as a principal electrolyte additive in industrial cadmium electroplating operations, where it enables smooth, ductile, and corrosion-resistant metal finishes for aerospace, military, and marine hardware. In zinc–cadmium and cadmium–cyanide baths, precise control of the chloride component modulates deposit thickness, brightness, and grain structure. Plating shops depend on high-purity, ultra-low-iron material to achieve consistent deposit quality and avoid surface defects. Follow-up treatments may include passivation and chromate conversion processes to further enhance corrosion resistance.

    Industry compliance standards

    • AMS QQ-P-416: Cadmium Plating (Electrodeposited)
    • ASTM B766: Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Cadmium
    • ISO 2081: Metallic and other inorganic coatings – Electroplated coatings of zinc with supplementary treatments on iron or steel
    • REACH Annex XVII (Cadmium compounds restrictions)

    Typical usage ratio

    • Bath concentrations range from 15–40 g/L (cadmium), with cadmium chloride added at 25–45 g/L depending on bath formulation.
    • Adjustments depend on base metal, bath pH, current density, and required plating thickness (commonly 5–25 μm).

    Downstream process integration

    • Dissolves in the electrolyte bath at tank make-up and during periodic bath maintenance.
    • Operators carefully monitor chloride ion concentration, supplementing with cadmium chloride as required to stabilize chemistry and ensure deposit performance across production shifts.
    • In-line analytical controls support automatic dosage.

    Final product types

    • Corrosion-resistant fasteners for aerospace and defense
    • Electrical connectors and switchgear
    • Marine-grade fittings and hardware
    • Critical safety components for heavy transport sectors

    2. Synthesis of Cadmium Sulfide Pigments

    Chemical manufacturers use cadmium chloride as a cadmium source for producing cadmium sulfide (CdS) and cadmium sulfoselenide pigments under controlled batch conditions. These pigments feature stable, high-intensity yellow, orange, and red colors with superior lightfastness and heat stability for high-value plastics, ceramics, and specialty paints. The conversion reaction requires precise weighing and reaction staging to yield phase-pure, low-solubility pigments while keeping residual chloride content within safe tolerances for pigment performance and regulatory compliance.

    Industry compliance standards

    • EN 71-3: Safety of Toys – Migration of certain elements (pigment use in children’s products)
    • ISO 9001:2015 (Quality Management Systems for pigment plants)
    • EU CLP Regulation (Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures, Annex VI restrictions on cadmium compounds)
    • US EPA 40 CFR 261: Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste (waste pigment and raw material management)

    Typical usage ratio

    • Used at a cadmium basis of 1:1 molar ratio relative to sodium sulfide or hydrogen sulfide, typically 150–200 kg per metric ton batch of pigment output.
    • Adjustments based on desired shade (yellow, orange, red) and purity of final pigment product.

    Downstream process integration

    • Charged to jacketed glass-lined reactors during the initial cadmiation stage, followed by dosing of sulfur compound under controlled pH and temperature.
    • Residue levels and process effluent are strictly monitored for cadmium and chloride ions for closed-loop recycling and compliance tracking.

    Final product types

    • Color masterbatches for engineering and specialty plastics
    • High-performance ceramic colorants
    • Industrial and artistic pigment dispersions
    • Decorative glass and enamel coatings

    3. Synthesis of Cadmium Quantum Dots and Precursors

    Cadmium chloride serves as a controlled cadmium ion source in the preparation of cadmium selenide (CdSe), cadmium sulfide (CdS), and CdSe/ZnS quantum dots for advanced optoelectronic applications. Quantum dot manufacturers require reagent-grade material with ultra-low trace metal impurities and batch certificates. The chloride form ensures rapid dissolution and homogeneous nucleation for fine particle control, directly influencing the photoluminescence profile and quantum yield critical for high-spec display, sensor, and lighting products. Syntheses demand glovebox or inert atmosphere techniques to manage toxic fume evolution and to safeguard sensitive chemistry.

    Industry compliance standards

    • IEC 62471: Photobiological Safety of Lamps and Lamp Systems (display component manufacturers)
    • ISO 9001:2015 (Quality Control for electronic materials plants)
    • China RoHS-2 and EU RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU Annex II (restrictions and exemptions for quantum dot devices)
    • Globally Harmonized System (GHS) for material safety data handling

    Typical usage ratio

    • Stoichiometric addition: commonly 1.0 mmol cadmium chloride per 1.0 mmol trioctylphosphine selenide in QD batch synthesis (lab scale); higher scale-ups use 5–50 g per batch, tailored for yield and particle size.
    • Purity certification required for display-grade batches.

    Downstream process integration

    • Added as pure solid or as anhydrous solution into reaction vials within inert-gas glovebox environments prior to nucleation step.
    • Careful ramping and monitoring during hot-injection or colloidal synthesis to prevent particle agglomeration and loss of monodispersity.

    Final product types

    • Quantum dot display films and inks for televisions and monitors
    • Fluorescent semiconductor tracers for bio-imaging
    • Photovoltaic device active materials
    • High-sensitivity photodetectors and sensors

    4. Manufacture of Cadmium Telluride for Photovoltaic Cells

    Cadmium chloride is a critical processing reagent in cadmium telluride (CdTe) photovoltaic cell fabrication. In the thin-film deposition industry, manufacturers use cadmium chloride as a post-deposition treatment agent to activate as-deposited CdTe layers, promoting grain recrystallization and improving device conversion efficiency. The reagent grade must be strictly controlled for water content and trace element contamination, as improper addition can result in pinhole formation or shunt defects in module performance. The process is typically integrated as a vapor or solution anneal step under secure ventilation and dust collection protocols.

    Industry compliance standards

    • IEC 61215:2016, Terrestrial Photovoltaic (PV) Modules – Design Qualification and Type Approval
    • UL 61730: Photovoltaic (PV) Module Safety Qualification
    • ISO 14001:2015 (Environmental Management Systems for solar cell plants)
    • US EPA TSCA Section 8 (Reports for chemical substances released in manufacturing)

    Typical usage ratio

    • Solution concentration: applied at 1–5 wt% in water or ethanol, or as a thin layer (20–100 nm) when used by vapor transport.
    • Cadmium chloride dose adjusted to achieve desired grain boundary passivation based on the initial CdTe film thickness.

    Downstream process integration

    • Deposited onto the substrate surface by spin-coating, spray, or vapor transport just after CdTe film formation.
    • Follows with a programmed thermal annealing at 390–450 °C under controlled atmosphere to promote grain growth and electronic activation.

    Final product types

    • C4 and C6 scale thin-film photovoltaic panels
    • Integrated solar modules for commercial buildings
    • High-efficiency CdTe thin-film semiconductor substrates
    • Remote power supply units for critical field installations

    5. Catalyst Promoters for Specialty Organic Synthesis

    Organic synthesis industries employ cadmium chloride as a catalytic promoter in specific carbon–carbon coupling reactions such as the Stille and Negishi coupling protocols. As a Lewis acid, this material activates halide precursors and facilitates the transmetalation step, allowing direct synthesis of pharmaceuticals, polymers, and complex intermediates. Production sites require high-assay, low-water-content material to avoid unwanted side reactions and ensure yield consistency on scale-up. Post-reaction protocols include careful cadmium extraction and waste stream monitoring for regulatory and worker safety compliance.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ICH Q7: EU GMP for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (when intermediates enter API synthesis)
    • 21 CFR 211: US cGMP for Finished Pharmaceuticals (for drug precursor steps)
    • REACH Authorization (Annex XIV) for use of cadmium compounds
    • OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1027: Cadmium exposure limits in chemical synthesis operations

    Typical usage ratio

    • Used as catalyst promoter at 2–10 mol% relative to limiting reagent in batch reactions.
    • Ratio selected based on substrate reactivity and desired turnover rate; additional testing required for each new synthetic pathway.

    Downstream process integration

    • Dosed precisely to reaction vessel prior to main coupling step, with in-process monitoring for residual metal content in product stream.
    • Final work-up includes extraction, heavy-metal removal, and analysis for cadmium residues to meet pharmacopeia or customer specs.

    Final product types

    • Functionalized aryl and alkyl intermediates for API synthesis
    • Conjugated monomers for specialty polymers and resins
    • Fluorescent markers and custom organic dyes
    • Advanced building blocks for custom agrochemicals and fine chemicals
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    Cadmium Chloride: Practical Insights from the Manufacturer’s Floor

    Real-World Production of Cadmium Chloride

    Every shift in our plant starts with the same careful walk along racks of raw materials. Cadmium Chloride isn’t just one more drum in the row—it takes dedication and consistency at every stage. For the chemical industry, true reliability means knowing that a batch delivered this month matches next month’s. In our facility, dry Cadmium metal from carefully screened sources gets introduced to pure hydrochloric acid in tightly monitored reactors. As this compound forms, we see the solid white crystals that chemists expect when they order high-purity Cadmium Chloride. Our standard grade, often described as CdCl2·2H2O, meets favor with consistent demands from research labs, plating facilities, and pigment companies.

    Where lesser operations might rely on mixed sources or pass tolerances with broad margins, the people on our plant floor have seen what low-grade feedstock does to the end product. Residual metal content, colored contaminants, and moisture levels all steer final results. We invest in routine ICP, XRF, and wet-chemistry checks—sure, they take time, but the difference shows in downstream performance. Technicians order up 99.99% trace metal basis because batch failures cost far more than the small premium of precision.

    Understanding Cadmium Chloride's Role in Industry

    Cadmium Chloride has earned its place in specialties instead of bulk. Its water solubility and crystal structure make it an easy starting point for other cadmium compounds. Plating shops trust it for cyanide-free cadmium electroplating. Our colleagues on the assembly line remind us that bright, adherent metal finishes depend on more than surface-level purity—the technical grade and reagent grade batches must remain free from alkali and sulfur contamination. Pigment makers count on the tightly controlled hydration states and particle size that we monitor by daily sampling.

    A broader look explains why clients push for precise specifications. Compound semiconductors and photovoltaic developers rely on our extra-pure models (4N and 5N+) for vapor-phase doping, especially in research where impurity levels directly affect device performance. For such orders, we run product through secondary crystallization and use high-barrier packaging under dry atmosphere, eliminating atmospheric moisture pickup during transit. These differences separate “commodity” output from the deeply specialized batches our facility ships worldwide.

    Comparisons: What Sets Our Cadmium Chloride Apart

    Too many buyers see Cadmium Chloride as a line item because they haven’t endured the setbacks from bad lots. If a competitor’s batch contains even a trace of iron or copper, the results show up in anodes or in pigment clarity. Our track record with major plating contractors and pigment houses comes from an approach shaped by decades in production—it only takes one contaminated run to wipe out a customer’s monthly output. The best testing lab can’t fix a poorly filtered batch after the fact; prevention happens at the source.

    Our hydration profiles get frequent questions. Many expect anhydrous Cadmium Chloride, though almost all commerce runs through the dihydrate. We use forced evaporation and low moisture storage to cut down error. Although anhydrous grade remains unstable in normal air, some researchers ask for it, and we deliver fresh, tightly sealed stock on demand. No one wants surprise clumping or shifted assay values because of uncontrolled humidity during shipping. We have invested in climate-stable processing and polypropylene-laminated bags to guarantee consistent, free-flowing crystal.

    Conversations with Users: Needs and Challenges

    The feedback we get drives each process change. We’ve heard who buys, who blends, and who pulls double duty checking quality in the lab as well as on the shop floor. Plating engineers say poor solubility means rejected hardware; pigment developers report that off-white batches add days of unnecessary correction. Small labs often request just a few kilograms but want the same purity and packaging as customers ordering container-loads. Rising requests from photovoltaic firms have changed our lot labeling, with more emphasis on trace arsenic and sodium levels.

    We see the disconnect between supplier promises and what arrives on a loading dock. Companies who order “Cadmium Chloride” and find erratic moisture or strange off-odors call us to clarify the difference. These aren’t just minor quirks—they lead to work stoppages, scrapped product, and costs that far exceed the price per kilogram. A dry, consistent powder is more reliable to blend, safer to handle, and less likely to react unexpectedly in multi-step synthesizing. One batch arriving above target for free acid content cascades through a whole production workflow. The reason for this comes down to water control, storage methods, and the starting cadmium’s metallurgical source—all areas our staff monitor through every part of the batch run.

    The Importance of Detailed Specifications

    Digging into technical sheets isn’t just a formality. Every spec listed for our Cadmium Chloride traces back to at least one call or complaint we’ve resolved. Chloride content, residual metal profile, water solubility, and pH—real numbers matter. Our Dry Grade Model 221B gets selected for semiconductor and OLED research because its contaminant level brings less than 5 ppm total transition metals. For electroplating, our Grade 118P maintains flow through automated dosing without bridging or caking. Large pigment houses often settle on Hydrated 227C for predictable dispersal in organic binder systems.

    We don’t achieve this by default; it demands strict batch controls, cross-plant QA, and ongoing calibration of every analytical station. It only takes one overlooked filter or tank washout to raise lead, zinc, or bismuth well above microtrace tolerances. Every user group has their essential number, whether it’s low potassium, high hydration control, or a dynamic pour index. Meeting them means rejecting more borderline batches but keeps failures from moving downstream.

    Cadmium Chloride and Sustainability: Realistic Paths Forward

    Cadmium handling now stands under more scrutiny than any common transition metal. Every gram pushed into the market must pass a chain of custody, certifications, and safety reviews. Our plant receives on-site environmental audits, and we route all chemical waste through a dedicated circuit for multi-stage precipitation and neutralization. Real stewardship hinges on full containment at every material interface—spill response, air emissions, and even dust must stay below compliance thresholds. The extra labor on cleaning extraction systems and sealed bagging lines has protected our staff and the neighborhoods around us.

    Clients ask if post-use recovery and recycling make sense. Our plant has linked up with downstream users to send spent solutions and process washouts back to controlled recovery. Even minor tweaks in reactor design or rinsing steps cut downstream disposal loads; these get paired with new filtration membranes and closed-loop water usage. Across our organization, embracing these extra steps ensures we hold to regulatory standards and customer values. Not every market tolerates the added costs of sustainability, but we’ve found most long-term clients understand why extra containment, separated shipping, and solvent-free cleaning procedures serve more than just compliance—they define the next generation of chemical manufacturing.

    Navigating Supply Challenges Without Losing Trust

    Supply chains in specialty chemicals have never followed a smooth road. Cadmium itself faces periodic bottlenecks, linked to fluctuations in mining and increased oversight on source ores. We maintain long-standing relationships with refineries focused on transparent smelting and alloying. Spot purchases sometimes look cheap, but one off-label lot containing ambiguous trace element mixes can introduce headaches down the line. By building forward visibility into both mined and refined Cadmium, we keep our delivery timelines tight and buffer against surprise shortages. Face-to-face trust still matters more than any spreadsheet order.

    During supply shocks, we communicate with every customer as reality shifts on the ground. Some users can substitute sodium or potassium salts, but high-precision electronics, photo-emitters, and certain specialty coatings force true like-for-like Cadmium Chloride substitution. Our focus remains on fair allocation, avoiding speculative price spikes, and giving buyers at least a month’s warning before any capacity reduction. Holding extra inventory isn’t easy, but we refuse to rush batches at the risk of dropping quality.

    Regulatory Realities: Staying Ahead of the Curve

    Cadmium features on most restricted substance lists. Our technical team works closely with both domestic and foreign regulators to certify each batch’s destination and end-use. We provide all documentation for REACH, TSCA, and region-specific regulations. Customers rely on us to keep ahead of shifting thresholds, not just adding paperwork but adapting how we batch, store, and ship. Increasingly, downstream processors want help reducing residual product after application. We’ve responded by supplying pre-measured, sealed unit packs that minimize airborne dust and lower disposal loads.

    Tighter regulations force us to work smarter. By joining industry groups, we trade best practices, audit each new raw material, and pre-register any lab-scale innovation before launching into scale-up. Some colleagues view this as a compliance burden, but our experience shows that proactive adaptation keeps our commercial footprint resilient. Where once a production facility could operate with minimal outside review, now we build safety and stewardship into each process. End-to-end compliance lets our users focus on their own product, while we shoulder the lion’s share of documentation and chemical risk management.

    Responding to Custom Orders and Research Requests

    Research keeps the future moving. University and private-sector scientists need more than a generic salt—they push for tailored grades, non-standard hydration, labeled isotopic forms, and ultrapure microbatches. Rather than declining these challenges, we maintain a pilot-scale suite to spin up microreactor runs, minimize process cross contamination, and support creative custom projects. Every new formulation we supply to one lab teaches us insights applicable to broad production.

    We don’t see “one-size-fits-all” as a practical approach in the innovation sector. Whether a quantum dot prototype or a low-volume, high-grade sensor coating, our team is used to chasing exacting tolerances outside routine production. This keeps our entire operation learning and improves future efficiency. Feedback from these early adopters shapes improved control limits, faster turnaround on testing, and better documentation. We know that breakthrough applications usually start at the bench, not the boardroom.

    Product Safety: Day-to-Day Practices and Real Risks

    The work that takes place in our Cadmium Chloride plant requires vigilance and real training, not just posted safety signs. Our workers suit up with filtration-grade respirators, double-layer gloves, and closed suits. Fume hoods capture airborne particles from weighing and transfer. We run regular drills, track exposure, and execute daily reviews of every critical control point. Mistakes in handling aren’t academic—they have immediate effects for both people and the workplace. Every gram of product that leaves our gates has moved through layers of risk-management designed by people with deep hands-on experience.

    We spend as much effort teaching customers as we do our own line staff. Many end users run relatively safe operations—benchtop blending, solution prep, or batch mixing. Others manage electroplating baths, pigment dispersal, or high-temperature reactors that demand more specialized PPE and air handling. By printing clear, evidence-based handling and disposal guidelines inside every box, we cut down misunderstanding in the field. Real safety hinges on believable education rooted in years of operational learning, not just regulatory checklists.

    Technical Support: Sharing Experience Openly

    For our team, technical support starts after shipping. When users call us with questions, they reach people who have run the same process and faced similar upsets. Whether a batch comes out cloudy, a color drifts, or a solubility curve shifts, we dig through process records and test panel data until the cause becomes clear. Many problems stem from variables upstream—changing water purity, mixing order, or interaction with other reagents. We help users isolate these factors, drawing from our own near-miss logs and corrective actions at the plant.

    Supporting scientific users means sharing trade-offs openly. Occasionally, technicians request levels of moisture content or metal trace control beyond the practical limits of industrial-scale production. We walk through what’s achievable, and if a custom purification run makes sense, we deliver timelines and transparent pricing without false promises. Efficiency grows when both sides see each constraint—the best improvements arrive from clear exchange, not silent assumption.

    Looking Ahead: Manufacturing Excellence in Context

    To us, Cadmium Chloride isn’t only a chemical on a balance sheet—it’s a product that links decades of industrial, scientific, and practical know-how. Every challenge—from sustainability demands to batch traceability—has met hours of hands-on effort, trial, and improvement in our plant. The calls for higher purity, broader regulatory checklists, and environmental handling won’t slow, so our focus stays on verifiable progress and honest engagement.

    Clients trust our Cadmium Chloride not just because of paper specifications, but because long-term experience confirms reliability, safety, and attentive technical partnership. We value the direct feedback from every user who uncovers a vulnerability, points out a process improvement, or calls out a quality concern. By standing behind this product, our plant team and leadership pass their expertise into every shipment, always looking for the next chance to raise the standard.

    True progress won’t happen with shortcuts or by outsourcing responsibility. Our future vision relies on the same principles that built our reputation—respect for the details, open communication, and the drive to deliver a product every employee here would use themselves. In a world where chemical manufacturing faces rising standards and tighter margins, these values have served us—and our customers—best.