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3-Hydroxybutanal

    • Product Name 3-Hydroxybutanal
    • Alias Acetaldol
    • Einecs 200-612-6
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
    VTB
    Specifications

    HS Code

    448429

    Name 3-Hydroxybutanal
    Other Names Acetaldol
    Chemical Formula C4H8O2
    Molar Mass 88.11 g/mol
    Appearance Colorless liquid
    Density 0.911 g/cm³
    Melting Point -40 °C
    Boiling Point 89-90 °C (at 18 mmHg)
    Solubility In Water Miscible
    Cas Number 107-89-1
    Iupac Name 3-hydroxybutanal
    Smiles CCC(O)C=O
    Flash Point 79 °C
    Odor Penetrating, aldehydic

    As an accredited 3-Hydroxybutanal factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing The packaging for 3-Hydroxybutanal, 100g, is a sealed amber glass bottle with a leak-proof cap and hazard labeling.
    Shipping 3-Hydroxybutanal is shipped in tightly sealed containers, typically made of glass or high-density polyethylene, to prevent leakage and degradation. It is transported as a liquid under cool, dry conditions, away from heat and incompatible substances. Proper chemical labeling, hazard indications, and adherence to local and international shipping regulations are required.
    Storage 3-Hydroxybutanal should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and sources of ignition. Keep the container tightly closed and protected from moisture. Store separately from strong oxidizing agents and acids. Use only approved, compatible containers, and label them clearly. Ensure appropriate spill containment and access to safety showers and eyewash stations nearby.
    Application of 3-Hydroxybutanal

    Applications of 3-Hydroxybutanal in Industrial Manufacturing

    As a direct manufacturer of 3-Hydroxybutanal, we focus on core downstream sectors that utilize this aldehyde for value-added chemical transformations. This section details distinct use cases across specialized manufacturing routes, including compliance, dosage levels, integration stage, and end goods production.

    1. Amino Alcohol Synthesis for Pharmaceutical Intermediates

    3-Hydroxybutanal serves as a crucial starting building block for synthesizing amino alcohol compounds found in cardiovascular and CNS drug intermediates. Manufacturers condense and hydrogenate 3-Hydroxybutanal with relevant amine sources under controlled conditions to produce β-amino alcohols such as 3-aminobutan-1-ol, which are further derivatized in API synthesis. Dosing, by-product minimization, and compliance with pharmacopoeias determine process parameters. This step enters the batch reactor system post-amine charging and prior to reductive work-up, ensuring precise yields and purity. The material enables consistent quality for high-value pharmaceutical outputs.

    Industry compliance standards

    • EU GMP Part II – APIs
    • ICH Q7 – Good Manufacturing Practice for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
    • US Pharmacopeia (USP) specifications for intermediates
    • EMA guidance on Nitrosamines Control

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.85–1.05 molar equivalents per mol amine
    • Adjusted to limit unreacted aldehyde and minimize side-reactions

    Downstream process integration

    • Charged after amines and before hydrogenation catalyst
    • Continuous pH and temperature control to direct selectivity

    Final product types

    • Beta-Amino alcohols for antihypertensive API production
    • Chiral pharmaceutical intermediates
    • Key starting materials for CNS drug substances
    • API precursors for finished pharmaceuticals

    2. Industrial Synthesis of 1,3-Butanediol as a Polymer Precursor

    Chemical manufacturers utilize 3-Hydroxybutanal for catalytic hydrogenation to produce 1,3-Butanediol, a valuable diol monomer for producing high-performance polyesters and polyurethanes. The process involves continuous feed vapor-phase hydrogenation using supported nickel catalysts. Operators precisely meter the aldehyde into the reactor train, controlling temperature and pressure for selectivity. Polyester producers downstream blend the resulting 1,3-Butanediol with dicarboxylic acids for resin formulation, requiring strict residual aldehyde control to meet product quality criteria.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 9001:2015 – Quality Management Systems
    • REACH Regulation (EC 1907/2006) for raw materials
    • EN 71-3 for diol purity in children’s product applications
    • GMP+ for raw material handling (as applicable)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 1.00 molar equivalent per target diol output
    • Feed rate controlled via inline mass flow meters

    Downstream process integration

    • Fed immediately prior to hydrogenation reactor inlet
    • Post-hydrogenation distillation ensures diol purity

    Final product types

    • 1,3-Butanediol for specialty polyester resin production
    • Polyurethane polyol-building blocks
    • Flexible PU foams for automotive and appliance use
    • Hot-melt adhesive intermediates

    3. Agrochemical Aldolization for Pyridine-Based Pesticide Synthesis

    Leading agrochemical manufacturers apply 3-Hydroxybutanal in controlled aldol condensation with heteroaromatic aldehydes to produce key intermediates for pyridine-based pesticides and plant protection agents. Reaction scale and conditions must comply with strict EHS standards due to exothermal risk and potential impurity formation. The aldehyde enters the process after solvent charging, prior to catalyst addition, and is dosed to match stoichiometry with the accompanying aromatic component, with downstream purification steps supporting consistent crop protection product manufacture.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 14001:2015 – Environmental Management
    • EU Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 for pesticide active substances
    • FAO/WHO specifications for pesticide ingredients
    • Responsible Care® certified production

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.95–1.10 molar equivalents based on aromatic aldehyde intake
    • Modified per batch based on in-process analytical controls

    Downstream process integration

    • Sequential or co-charged prior to acid/base catalyst addition
    • Direct integration into continuous or fed-batch reaction lines

    Final product types

    • Pyridine derivative intermediates for herbicide synthesis
    • Precursor blocks for insecticides
    • Fungicidal active ingredients production
    • Analytical reference standards for quality control

    4. Fragrance Aldehyde Preparation for Fine Chemical Perfume Bases

    Manufacturers in the aroma chemical industry employ 3-Hydroxybutanal for preparative synthesis of fragrance-related aldehydes, notably following mixed aldolization or further oxidation routes to construct C4–C8 aliphatic aldehyde notes. These ingredients impart “green,” “buttery,” or “floral” olfactive profiles desirable in modern fine fragrance and detergent scent compositions. The addition point occurs after blending with other base chemicals and before in situ dehydration/oxidation, enabling reproducible aroma profiles in end products intended for regulated markets.

    Industry compliance standards

    • IFRA (International Fragrance Association) Standards
    • EU Regulation EC 1223/2009 for cosmetic raw materials
    • RIFM (Research Institute for Fragrance Materials) guidance
    • ISO 9235:2013 for definition and labeling of aroma chemicals

    Typical usage ratio

    • 5–15% by mass of precursor blend
    • Dosed according to desired olfactory intensity and regulatory limits

    Downstream process integration

    • Charged as a primary raw material in the precursor mixture
    • Processed through controlled oxidation or aldolization units

    Final product types

    • Branched-chain aliphatic aldehydes for perfumery
    • Fine fragrance aroma bases
    • Flavors and masking agent intermediates
    • Functional scent blends for home and personal care

    5. Crosslinking Agent Precursor for Technical Resin Systems

    Specialty resin manufacturers utilize 3-Hydroxybutanal to synthesize crosslinking agents for alkyd and acrylic resin formulations, primarily via acetalization or Mannich reaction streams. Strict control of reactant volume and quality ensures minimal free aldehyde residue in finished crosslinkers. The process typically introduces 3-Hydroxybutanal after blending base resins and before controlled catalyst-initiated condensation. This method meets technical resin grade requirements for industrial and protective coatings, including robust resistance properties and low VOC output.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 12944:2018 for industrial coatings
    • ASTM D3924 for resin crosslinker analysis
    • Directive 2010/75/EU (VOC Emissions)
    • ISO 9001:2015 for resin quality management

    Typical usage ratio

    • 2–8% by mass of total resin solids
    • Adjusted according to target crosslink density and end-use application

    Downstream process integration

    • Incorporated post-resin polymerization and prior to catalyst addition
    • Integrated into both batch and continuous coating material lines

    Final product types

    • Technical alkyd and acrylic polymers
    • Industrial protective coatings
    • Automotive repair finishes
    • Construction and marine paint binders
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    Competitive 3-Hydroxybutanal prices that fit your budget—flexible terms and customized quotes for every order.

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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    Introducing 3-Hydroxybutanal: A Chemical Building Block That Drives Progress

    Real-World Experience with 3-Hydroxybutanal Production

    Producing 3-Hydroxybutanal (also known in our workshops as acetaldol) calls for respect for both chemistry and process engineering. Years on the plant floor have taught us there’s a gulf between theoretical yields and what actually ends up in the collection vessel. We handle the manufacturing ourselves, not through resellers or intermediaries, so our team understands every challenge and every step—be it controlling temperature during aldol condensation or managing the quirks of selective purification. Our batch sizes usually range from tens to hundreds of kilograms for industrial clients, with ongoing investment in continuous flow technology to improve consistency over larger campaigns.

    Quality comes from maintaining a reliable process and a strict environment. In-house monitoring, including GC and NMR methods, lets us keep an eye on purity throughout the production. We aim to deliver 3-Hydroxybutanal in liquid form, avoiding unnecessary solidification which complicates transfer and handling. Depending on storage, this compound can quickly undergo dehydration, so storage advice isn’t just afterthought—it’s part of the product. Our staff offers technical guidance because we’ve watched what happens to product quality if these details get skipped. Offering a minimum purity of 98% (by assay) is based on real-world practice, not sales promises. Impurities tend to appear when problems go unnoticed at any step—so we do not leave quality to chance or outsource it to anonymous entities.

    Long-term relationships with clients across pharmaceutical intermediates, agrochemicals, and even fine flavors have given us an understanding of how tiny variances impact downstream performance. Whether our customer is exploring polyhydroxyalkanoate synthesis or needs a key precursor for vitamin production, we hit a balance between flexibility and reproducibility that only comes from direct manufacturing.

    Recognizing the Value Beyond a Specification Sheet

    A raw number on a specification sheet cannot describe how 3-Hydroxybutanal behaves. Our chemists and production managers have seen how quickly this compound reacts with itself if not stored correctly—it dimerizes and forms byproducts. So shipping, storage, and even opening the container must follow certain steps. We never treat these instructions as boilerplate: small slip-ups can spell disaster for synthesis steps using acetaldol downstream.

    The choice of packaging isn’t trivial. We supply 3-Hydroxybutanal in amber glass or high-density, chemical-compatible containers, adding nitrogen purging wherever possible. In our experience, this limits polymerization and keeps color and purity for longer shelf life. Loose containers or poorly sealed drums often end up with yellowing or even clogged contents, which imposes additional costs for the end-user. Such occurrences should not be tolerated in any robust manufacturing business, yet they’re common in supply chains that trade without production backing.

    Every shipment includes our technical recommendations on handling: avoid exposure to light and air, maintain cool storage, and try to use contents soon after opening. We only make these statements because we’ve seen the chemistry change with even half a day’s exposure during humid months. Lab teams can reach out and speak directly to our production chemists who have handled kilogram-scale purification and are familiar with the headaches that result from “minor” hitches.

    Meeting Real Usage Needs—What Sets Our 3-Hydroxybutanal Apart

    What matters most for customers using 3-Hydroxybutanal are not only lab specifications, but also how well batch-to-batch properties hold up during synthesis. We manufacture onsite and can tweak process variables depending on the primary application—phar-maceutical, polymer, or fine chemical. Those that use acetaldol as a synthon in complex reactions notice right away when color or odor changes. Even tiny traces of other aldehydes or residual catalyst can stall a multi-step route or ruin a fermentation batch. We hear from clients about issues with off-spec product from secondary market sources, which often contain byproducts from suboptimal reaction control.

    Unlike mass-traded offerings, our process can run under customized base concentrations and carefully staged addition rates. For example, producing for a pharmaceutical customer, we’ve invested in dedicated lines and post-reaction scrubbers to achieve lowest-metal content possible—well below generic industry norms. When polymers are the target, we focus on managing water content and basicity, since these influence subsequent polymerization steps and molecular weights far more than most realize until they scale up from bench to kilo lab.

    We know from experience that packaging size is often overlooked by large suppliers, leading to wastage or the need to split containers. By adjusting standard fill volumes based on the production cycle or research needs, we minimize not only spoilage but also safety incidents on opening and transfer. Years handling this compound have taught us to pre-emptively consider how much will undergo further reaction inside the container, and we share this know-how openly.

    Comparing 3-Hydroxybutanal with Related Products

    Clients sometimes ask how 3-Hydroxybutanal compares to other common aldol products or β-hydroxy carbonyls. Having run both continuous and batch lines for related molecules, we’ve learned the subtle differences between them have far-reaching chemical and practical consequences.

    For example, 3-Hydroxybutanal’s higher reactivity sets it apart from 4-hydroxy-2-butanone, offering easier entry into formation of unsaturated aldehydes. At the same time, this reactivity means shelf-life concerns are more serious. More stable analogs such as diacetone alcohol can tolerate less stringent conditions, but sacrifice versatility. The dehydration of 3-Hydroxybutanal leads directly to crotonaldehyde—a valuable intermediate—without the need for additional steps. In contrast, related diols or ketones often require more robust catalytic intervention.

    Another key difference comes down to feedstock origin and byproduct profile. We always start with fresh acetaldehyde and strictly controlled catalysts. This guarantees minimal contamination by heavier alcohols or other aldehydes—a challenge that some competitors face when working with lower purity or recovered feedstocks. Rather than chasing yield alone, we pay attention to isoforms and minor isomers, since these complicate separation later. These points matter most to those who use the product as a launchpad for making selective flavor compounds or pharmaceutical building blocks.

    Supporting Use in Diverse Fields

    Pharmaceutical chemists purchasing 3-Hydroxybutanal need assurance about impurities, water content, and contamination risk. We know what happens when a microgram of metal slips in—a whole synthetic campaign can derail and a GMP batch could fail. We have built our procedures to cover these points. Our own teams rely on rapid-release analytical checks, testing every lot before it leaves the plant.

    Agrochemical clients are more concerned about volume, consistent supply, and scale-up data. We regularly support scale-transfers and provide usage guidance during process validation, offering advice built from manufacturing scale difficulties—not armchair theory.

    Polymer chemists value details on polymerization inhibitors, residual base, and dehydration risks. We observe, record, and share kinetic quirks of 3-Hydroxybutanal from our own pilot-scale reactors. Any batch that has even the faintest sign of advanced dehydration never makes it to shipment. Because the field doesn’t forgive slipshod quality, we educate on monitoring and adjusting for seasonal humidity and shipping delay, based on decades shipping these materials to climates around the world.

    Focusing on Safety and Compliance

    Our responsibilities go beyond supply. Years of audits, compliance reviews, and feedback have taught us what happens when documentation lapses or training slides. We maintain an auditable record of all production lots, supporting both in-house and third-party traceability. MSDS, certificate of analysis, and full production lineage are produced by those who actually worked hands-on with the lot—there’s no faceless bureaucracy here.

    We deeply engage with evolving safety standards and environmental rules. We’ve modified our facility multiple times to keep ahead of restrictions on volatile aldehyde emissions, using closed-loop production systems to re-capture and destruct waste vape. This hands-on approach, combined with in-house engineering support, steers us clear of the compliance crisis that trips up less rigorous outfits.

    Handling hazards—especially for a reactive intermediate—demands more than standard protocols. We train staff with real spill drills involving our own product, recording lessons and constantly improving. We routinely share the best ways to neutralize residual product, advise on PPE, and stress first-hand the dangers of relying on outdated safety sheets. By bridging production and end-user safety, we make sure knowledge transfer stays sharp and timely.

    Transport poses its own challenges, and we liaise directly with shipping partners about the heat and movement sensitivity of the cargo. Delays in customs or exposure to high temperatures en route can mean product degrades before it reaches the customer. To counter this, we invest in contingency packaging, temperature-controlled shipping when needed, and strict shipment tracking. Claims aren’t based on theory—they arise from shipments tracked across continents and through summers and winters.

    Continuous Innovation and Feedback Loops

    Direct manufacturing control allows us to react to problems and drive incremental improvement. We view every customer complaint or suggestion as a lever for product refinement, process safety, or cost efficiency. Our R&D teams often work side-by-side with production operators to trial tweaks using feedback loops. Small changes—like modified purge protocols, different condenser fluids, or improved material balances—arise from solid hands-on experience rather than abstract optimization.

    Sometimes trends in industry shift quickly. Green chemistry concerns have nudged us to re-examine catalyst systems, minimize energy use, and recycle solvents wherever possible. Our plant team has learned to document the impact on final product each time. We’re discovering enzymatic approaches for some steps in anticipation of more organic demand. These experiences help our customers stay aligned with modern regulatory and supply requirements, as well as their own end-users’ demand for lower-impact chemicals.

    We don’t stop with the first successful run. Our analytical group tests new batches side-by-side against legacy lots and competitor samples. Product performance in downstream synthesis always takes the lead. No matter how clean a chromatogram looks, if a reaction step underperforms, we revisit the process.

    Demystifying Technical Details for Practical Use

    Working directly with diverse users taught us jargon-heavy literature often distracts from what matters day-to-day: handling, storage, and downstream effects. Chemists in the field don’t just want purity numbers—they want to know what that means for their actual yield. So we favor technical clarity and accessibility, sharing lessons learned solving real problems, not just parroting textbook advice.

    For customers who have never used 3-Hydroxybutanal before, we outline risk points clearly and walk through typical workflows. From first transfer out of shipping containers, to integration with existing equipment and waste handling, we offer advice based on direct process outcomes. If a customer is scaling up from research to pilot, our production staff remain available to troubleshoot. We won’t recommend “industry standard” approaches unless we have the case data and hands-on experience to support it.

    Listening and Collaborating with End-Users and Technical Teams

    Over years, the most reliable advances in 3-Hydroxybutanal production and use have come by working directly with technical teams on the receiving end. Our company doesn’t hide behind sales barriers; we answer as both manufacturer and fellow chemist, with personal accountability for each batch. Being candid about limitations enables honest troubleshooting—and stronger long-term partnerships.

    Customers often share data back with us—spectral anomalies, unexpected results, or concerns about process scale. We treat this feedback as a vital extension of our own process development. Whether a customer is conducting kinetic studies or pilot-scale runs, we encourage transparent dialogue. We partake in joint lab sessions in some cases, learning firsthand how compound nuances reveal themselves in practice.

    Each new project adds to our collective knowledge. We share aggregate findings—anonymized unless otherwise agreed—so our user base can benchmark their process performance and avoid common pitfalls. By treating each order as part of a larger learning ecosystem, we foster innovation that benefits everyone in the supply chain.

    Supporting Sustainable Growth in Fine and Industrial Chemicals

    The future of 3-Hydroxybutanal will blend sustainability and efficiency. Our facility continues to adapt to changing raw materials markets, emissions rules, and end-user demands for green credentials. Sourcing certified raw ingredients, experimenting with lower-impact catalysts, and recovering solvents are not afterthoughts—they are investments we make to ensure long-term responsibility, cost control, and resilience to market shocks.

    For customers looking to invest in environmentally preferred processes, our team works on integrating biobased alternatives and recycling protocols. We have developed internal systems to track lifecycle emissions related to each lot, planning further reductions with each year’s plant upgrade. We openly discuss possibilities and constraints, never promising what cannot be delivered or measured.

    Experience shows that being open about trade-offs builds trust. While some routes to 3-Hydroxybutanal bring higher yields, they generate more waste or rely on riskier feedstocks. Others produce less hazardous byproducts but cost more or recover more slowly in purification. We share honest economics and environmental data, working with customers to choose what best fits their aims and regulatory landscapes.

    Conclusion: A Compound Defined by Shared Experience and Commitment

    3-Hydroxybutanal is more than just a chemical formula or purity percentage. Our decades of direct manufacturing, guided by feedback and ongoing investment in technology and talent, have built a product that serves diverse needs—from pharma innovation to specialty synthesis. We don’t imagine what the customer might face; we’ve been there ourselves, batch after batch, sample after sample, learning as the chemistry demanded. Our door is always open to share these lessons, and improve together—batch by batch, challenge by challenge.