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3-Chloropropionic Acid

    • Product Name 3-Chloropropionic Acid
    • Alias 3-Chloropropanoic acid
    • Einecs 202-600-2
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
    • CONTACT NOW
    VTB
    Specifications

    HS Code

    907232

    Chemical Name 3-Chloropropionic Acid
    Synonyms β-Chloropropionic acid; 3-Chloropropanoic acid
    Chemical Formula C3H5ClO2
    Molecular Weight 108.52 g/mol
    Cas Number 107-94-8
    Appearance Colorless to pale yellow liquid or crystalline solid
    Melting Point 42-44 °C
    Boiling Point 211 °C
    Density 1.29 g/cm³
    Solubility In Water Soluble
    Pka 4.52
    Flash Point 102 °C
    Odor Pungent

    As an accredited 3-Chloropropionic Acid factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing 3-Chloropropionic Acid is supplied in a 500g amber glass bottle with a secure cap, labeled with hazard symbols and safety information.
    Shipping 3-Chloropropionic Acid is typically shipped in tightly sealed containers, protected from moisture and incompatible substances. Transport complies with relevant hazardous materials regulations (UN 3265, corrosive liquid, acidic, organic, n.o.s.). Proper labeling, documentation, and safety measures are ensured to minimize risk during handling and transit. Use of secondary containment is recommended.
    Storage 3-Chloropropionic acid should be stored in a tightly closed container, in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances such as strong bases and oxidizers. Keep it away from heat and direct sunlight. Store at room temperature. Properly label the container and ensure secondary containment to prevent leaks or spills. Use corrosion-resistant shelves and avoid contact with metals.
    Application of 3-Chloropropionic Acid

    Applications of 3-Chloropropionic Acid in Industrial Manufacturing

    As a direct manufacturer with decades of experience, we supply high-purity 3-chloropropionic acid to production leaders across multiple industries. Each downstream application utilizes our product in targeted chemical syntheses and transformations, following sector-specific requirements and regulatory frameworks.

    1. Agrochemical Synthesis: Herbicide Intermediate

    Leading agrochemical companies use this raw material as a crucial building block for active herbicidal molecules, especially phenoxyalkanoic acid derivatives. In these synthesis lines, manufacturers integrate the acid during specific nucleophilic substitution steps to introduce the propionic chain with a terminal chlorine. Strict formulation control ensures that the structural integrity meets the performance and residual thresholds demanded by agriculture regulators. Detailed process monitoring maintains product stability and yield throughout batch and continuous operations.

    Industry compliance standards

    • FAO Specifications for Plant Protection Products
    • EPA 40 CFR Part 180: Tolerances and Exemptions for Pesticide Chemical Residues
    • REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006
    • ISO 9001:2015 certified quality management

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.15–0.28 molar equiv per batch, calculated based on target molecule’s structure and impurity profile
    • Adjustment depends on the specific downstream active ingredient and desired yield above 95%

    Downstream process integration

    • Feeds directly into nucleophilic substitution step under alkaline or phase-transfer conditions
    • May require prior drying or solvent swap to match process route
    • Careful temperature profile management for selective halogen incorporation

    Final product types

    • Phenoxyacetic acid herbicides
    • Dicamba and related selective weed killers
    • Pre-emergent and post-emergent agricultural sprays
    • Specialty crop protection blends

    2. Pharmaceutical Intermediate for CNS Drugs

    Pharmaceutical processors utilize 3-chloropropionic acid in the multi-step synthesis of central nervous system (CNS) active agents, most frequently as an alkylating component in GABA analogs. Operators must conform to stringent pharmacopoeial quality and impurity requirements, particularly controlling secondary halide by-products and trace metals. The process incorporates the material during late-stage reactions to introduce the propionic side chain with correct stereochemistry, aided by chiral catalysts or specific base environments. Batch records follow GMP guidelines for traceability and contamination prevention.

    Industry compliance standards

    • USP–NF (United States Pharmacopeia–National Formulary)
    • ICH Q7: Good Manufacturing Practice Guide for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
    • EU GMP Part II: Basic Requirements for Active Substances
    • Ph. Eur. (European Pharmacopoeia)

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.5–1.2 equivalents relative to amine substrate, tailored to route efficiency and loss minimization
    • Process optimization determines final input, targeting yields over 90% and impurity content below 0.1%

    Downstream process integration

    • Added during alkylation, esterification, or amidation stages
    • Often used under anhydrous or controlled moisture conditions
    • Material traceability assured with full batch release documentation

    Final product types

    • CNS active pharmaceutical intermediates
    • Precursors for GABA analogs (e.g., antiepileptic drugs)
    • Final formulation APIs meeting regulatory DMF (Drug Master File) requirements
    • Clinical trial and commercial active compounds

    3. Monomer Modification in Acrylic Polymer Production

    Polymer manufacturers exploit the acid’s halogen functionality to introduce controlled chain-terminating groups during specialty acrylic and methacrylic resin synthesis. This increases control over molecular weight distribution and imparts desired mechanical or adhesive properties to finished polymers. The raw material typically enters the batch during co-monomer addition, monitored through real-time GC or HPLC to maintain consistent end-group integration and limit residual monomer levels in line with food contact or industrial standards.

    Industry compliance standards

    • EU Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 on plastic materials in contact with food
    • FDA 21 CFR 177.1010 (Acrylate Polymers)
    • ISO 9001 quality assurance for industrial polymer production
    • RoHS Directive (2011/65/EU) where relevant to electronics adhesives

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.05–0.18 wt% of total monomer charge, fine-tuned per application (adhesives vs. coatings vs. packaging films)
    • Ratio adjusted to achieve desired number-average molecular weight and chain functionality

    Downstream process integration

    • Charged at co-monomer or end-capping stage under controlled temperature
    • Polymerization monitored by in-process FTIR or GPC to confirm halide insertion
    • Post-polymerization purification or devolatilization recommended for low ppm residue

    Final product types

    • Functional acrylic copolymers for advanced adhesives
    • UV-cured coating resins for electronics and displays
    • Hot-melt and pressure-sensitive adhesive films
    • Specialty packaging resins for regulated markets

    4. Fine Chemicals: Carboxylic Acid Derivative Synthesis

    Producers of high-value fine chemicals use 3-chloropropionic acid to introduce a functionalized propionic moiety into diverse molecules, including specialty esters and tailored aldehyde intermediates essential for fragrances, flavors, and advanced plasticizers. Synthesis protocols may employ the acid in esterification, acylation, or halide-exchange reactions, with precise thermal, pH, and catalyst control to avoid by-product formation and maintain color standards. Automated batch tracking and in-process controls ensure consistent ingredient quality and downstream processing compatibility.

    Industry compliance standards

    • IFRA Code of Practice (for fragrance precursors)
    • EU Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 (flavorings in food)
    • ISO 14001 (environmental management for chemical processes)
    • Food Chemicals Codex (FCC) where applicable for final flavorants

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.10–0.32 molar equivalents per downstream carboxylate, tailored for sequence and excess reactant recovery
    • Yield-dependent adjustment based on required purity and odor threshold for fragrance applications

    Downstream process integration

    • Incorporated during acid-catalyzed esterification or halide-exchange steps
    • Used with solvent extraction, column purification, and fractionation as downstream processes
    • Critical for achieving purity and specific volatility for perfumery or flavor targets

    Final product types

    • Specialty esters for fragrance bases
    • Synthetic aldehydes and acids for flavor manufacturing
    • Performance plasticizers for flexible polymers
    • Regulated fine chemicals for non-food applications
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    Understanding 3-Chloropropionic Acid: Reliable Sourcing from Direct Manufacturing

    Direct Manufacturer’s Perspective on 3-Chloropropionic Acid

    Reflecting on decades spent refining the processes for making specialty chemicals, 3-Chloropropionic Acid occupies a place on our production lines where precision sets quality apart. Our journey with this compound started after chemists began demanding consistency in structure and purity for their advanced intermediates. Laboratory curiosity first drove interest; soon enough, industrial partners expected regular, dependable lots.

    Molecular formula C3H5ClO2 means three carbon atoms, a single chlorine, and two oxygens—assembled in a way that requires controlled chlorination and oxidation. A slight misstep during processing can yield unwanted side-products. Through several cycles of process development, we’ve reduced those byproducts, giving customers a cleaner, more predictable acid.

    What It Brings to the Table

    Chemists working with 3-Chloropropionic Acid often aim for straightforward reactions and know a reliable supply eliminates headaches. In agricultural synthesis, where each molecule must match the blueprint of a registered active ingredient, even minor differences complicate validation. Years of direct feedback taught us to test every batch against reference standards, looking beyond surface specifications to confirm unlisted impurities never interrupt downstream use.

    Most deliveries consist of a clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid or crystalline solid, depending on temperature and handling. The distillation process used within our facility keeps residual solvents low. Internal GC analysis typically reports purity above 99%. This remains true across commercial tonnage and custom pilot orders, which lets customers avoid requalification or blending onsite—a point we hear directly from large formulators and research buyers.

    Performance and Safety: Beyond Paper Numbers

    Anyone handling 3-Chloropropionic Acid recognizes its reactive carboxylic and chloro functions. Corrosiveness requires care at every step, from packing to unloading in customer tanks. We design containers and drums for robust sealing, minimizing any chance of sweat or vapor escape. Before making each shipment, our QC team checks for traces of water, because hydrolysis can lead to unexpected byproducts or altered storage behavior.

    Hard-earned experience shows that scalable safety comes from incremental improvements. For instance, we improved fume handling systems back in 2017 and immediately noticed fewer customer complaints about headspace pressure. Onsite first responders now follow protocols specific to this product, developed in-house after collaborating with multiple customer EHS teams. Upstream and downstream, all handling integrates lessons learned from years of regulatory inspections and operator feedback.

    Key Applications Shaped by Real-World Use

    A major portion of 3-Chloropropionic Acid makes its way into the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates—an area where every change in raw materials can ripple through to the finished drug. By working with pharma formulators during early trials, we learned exactly which impurity thresholds halt or allow process validation runs. Several major customers in crop protection also rely on this acid for building selective herbicide actives. They’re concerned with catalytic residues and breakdown temperatures. We provide thermogravimetric and ICP data on request because a single incident of heavy metal carryover or reactive debris can impact field trials.

    From our vantage point, most requests for alternate packaging or special concentration levels come from R&D departments rather than high-volume buyers. We spent years adapting our process equipment for batch flexibility. This ability means custom blends and concentrations ship directly from the same line, so there’s no middleman dilution or relabeling. Contract manufacturers often call us beforehand, wanting to confirm each tank’s fill date matches the process schedule for their API runs—the logistical trust is mutual.

    How Our Product Stands Apart

    Similar acids, including 2-chloropropionic and 3-bromopropionic variants, carry different reactivities and toxicity profiles. Handling 3-Chloropropionic Acid safely and efficiently shapes every technical decision, because uncontrolled variation can change reaction selectivity. Some competitors run closed-loop recycling of process solvents or ship product with a mix of chlorinated congeners—they sacrifice traceability for throughput. In our operation, we committed to single-stream output from each reactor, avoiding the complexity and contamination risk that multi-stream lines create.

    Transportation isn’t just about cost—it’s about reliability of packaging and information. Customers often ask where material originated, who last tested it, and whether any retest or blending occurred en route. Direct shipping eliminates doubt; after loading, each label and seal links back to a production log and batch record stored on our site. No third-party relabeling, no ‘gray lot’ history, and no uncertainty about drum contents.

    Experience-Driven Production and Support

    Working directly with users, not just distributors, keeps our expectations in line with the market’s demands. On the production floor, technicians know that each drum could become part of a multi-million-dollar synthesis campaign, so shortcuts don’t cross the threshold. Experienced operators handle every step—from chlorination temperature controls to vacuum drying regimes—invoking years of trial, error, and adjustment to seasonal variations, ambient humidity, and raw material batches.

    Downtime carries a real price. Rather than aiming for just-in-time deliveries that force buyers to trust distant schedules, we run predictive batch planning. Regularly, feedback from long-term users drives adjustments: one agrochemical producer helped us tune the drying step after identifying a link between subtle residue variations and inconsistent yields downstream. These aren’t changes ordered from a remote R&D office; they result from process managers meeting after hours, dissecting every variable.

    Addressing Supply Chain and Quality Risks

    Short years ago, disruptions in the chemical raw material chain put the focus squarely on reliability. Multiple handoff points up and down the supply ladder introduced room for error—wrong drum, misidentified label, or aging stock. From our end, we meet those challenges with real-time tracking and batch integrity. Lot segregation starts from the reactor and carries through storage, blending, and delivery.

    Customer audits don’t intimidate; teams regularly walk through our loading bays, check log sheets, and ask for in-process data. Openness goes both ways, allowing problems to surface early. If an outlier test appears, our staff pulls similar production lots, checking every analytic and packaging seal. Losses or reprocessing costs hurt in the short term, but they strengthen the trust we work for in every market segment relying on us for 3-Chloropropionic Acid.

    Technical Details Rooted in Everyday Practice

    3-Chloropropionic Acid boils near 210°C, but its vapor pressure at ambient temperatures remains low. That means safe handling for bulk transfer fits standard protocols, provided lines and tanks resist acid corrosion. Each batch receives a full suite of checks—GC purity, water content measurement, and, when required, specific identification against pharma or agrochemical customer requirements. Over years, we found residual acidity and trace halide levels affect catalyst activation in downstream use, so we document and adjust every step wherever we detect drift from the expected norm.

    Solid form or solution? Both leave our warehouse. Some customers, especially in tightly regulated pharma environments, prefer solidification and repackaging in their own facility. Others, focused on time-efficient plant runs, order our pre-diluted solutions in lined drums. These solutions cut time for dissolution and integration into their next reaction stage. The acid can hydrolyze under humid storage, affecting its reactivity, so we recommend using moisture scavengers and fast turnover for open containers.

    Direct Feedback Loop: From User Experience to Process Design

    Sometimes, a simple call identifies what a new user needs, especially for those unfamiliar with handling chlorinated acids. Our technical team answers practical questions—how to vent drums, which lining materials last longest, or how fast material should enter a caustic quench. Sharing those observations cuts the chance of on-site leaks or scrapped batches.

    Regular onsite visits to major customers created a feedback loop shaping everything from packaging type to labeling font size. One crop science team flagged confusion due to identical bottle shapes for acids of similar names. Our solution? Dye-coded labels tied to their ERP scheme—a straightforward adjustment, only possible because we handle both production and packing in-house rather than outsourcing to contract fillers.

    Regulatory and Compliance Commitments

    Making and shipping a chemical like 3-Chloropropionic Acid stretches compliance obligations across national and international lines. Material traceability, lot-specific analytics, and full documentation ride along with every order. Some years ago, a northbound shipment delayed for customs inspection owed its release to our provision of full chain-of-custody and analytical documentation, stamped at our site and immediately verifiable. The time and training spent on regulatory preparedness translate to less risk for customers that rely on just-in-time logistics.

    From the shop floor, the cost of non-compliance is clear; delayed shipments cost lost cycles and trust. Our process engineers and compliance staff work together, reviewing every revision to transportation protocols—even updating drum valve specs to comply with changing hazardous materials rules. Those steps rarely feature in pricing sheets but make a real difference at border crossings or customer audits.

    Responding to Evolving Market Demands

    The pace of change picks up every year. Whether it’s the constant update cycle in pharmaceutical regulations or shifting herbicide guidelines in global agriculture, flexibility is part of manufacturing success. Our adaptation stems from daily engagement with customers, analyzing downstream failures, and tweaking process steps to eliminate sources of risk.

    We invest in training new operators not to memorize procedures but to understand why key steps matter—what to listen for during a reactor run, which signals indicate a shift in yield, how subtle equipment noise hints at process upset. This base-level awareness, handed down from senior staff, builds the capability to recognize and fix issues before they reach the customer’s dock.

    Environmental Responsibility Woven Into Operations

    Handling chlorinated intermediates creates responsibility for more than product quality. Emissions, effluents, and spent reagents have to be tracked and minimized. We recycle and treat process water, track every outgoing effluent from the washing steps, and design containment around spill-prone areas. Our adherence to local discharge standards comes from knowing that chemical manufacturing, if poorly managed, can become a liability downstream.

    Several years ago, the decision to build enclosed drainage and expand vapor scrubbing wasn’t driven by regulatory pressure alone; too many small incidents elsewhere in the industry yielded expensive remediation. Our own learning curve included unplanned shutdowns and mechanical failures—the response was systematic investment in process safety, not just recordkeeping.

    Collaborative Problem-Solving Across Supply Chain and Customers

    Now and then, a customer reports trouble during formulation—a difference in phase behavior, unexpected reactivity, or crystallization issues tied to a particular 3-Chloropropionic Acid lot. The reflex isn’t to assign blame. Direct communication with their plant chemists and quality managers helps trace the source, whether it’s shipping lag, unlisted impurities, or packaging materials. Shared troubleshooting means repeating analytical work, retesting comparison lots, and sharing methods and solutions. Often, resolutions generate new handling protocols and jointly updated specification windows, which benefit all users.

    Because we work with both large-scale and emerging customers, each voice matters in shaping how we make and deliver chemical products. For new entrants launching pilot projects, our team works with theirs to scope the best-fit packaging and shipment sizes. That flexibility comes only through direct manufacturing—never through brokerage or third-party resale.

    Continuous Improvement Anchored in Direct Experience

    Our roadmap for 3-Chloropropionic Acid follows clear signals from the factory floor and customer sites. New process controls, up-to-date analytic instrumentation, and reliable operator training reflect feedback gathered both from day-to-day use and unexpected problems. This cycle of adaptation grounds every lot shipped—not in hypothetical claims, but in an accumulation of insight, test data, and hands-on handling experience.

    It’s common to see repeat orders shift in timing or volume—factors that change the production queue and storage plans. Overbooking capacity or delaying a production run for late-ordered lots introduces operational stress, but having an adjustable planning system, guided by years of trend-watching and regular conversations with major buyers, keeps disruptions minimal.

    Meeting New Challenges in Chemical Sourcing

    With global shifts in trade, changing regulatory expectations, and the pressure for cleaner chemistry, the market for 3-Chloropropionic Acid faces new challenges. Buyers want clear backstories—no mysteries in raw material origin, supply chain integrity, or documentation accuracy. As a direct manufacturer, we give answers grounded in records, site history, batch-level analytics, and years of shipping direct from our doors. Every change in process, every report of field performance, and every missed deadline shapes the next cycle of improvement. We stay accountable because the repercussions of lapse reach all the way from supplier to field technician to finished formulation.

    Why Source Directly from a Producer?

    Our own results over the long haul show the value in owning the entire production chain. By running every stage—raw material inspection, reactor charging, purification, packaging—under the same team, we avoid issues common with product sourced through intermediaries: mixed-lot blending, uncertain storage conditions, labeling confusion. Several longtime buyers, after difficult experiences with relabeled or diluted lots from the open market, now specify ‘direct from source’ on each purchase order for peace of mind and consistent process outcomes.

    Any chemical supply comes with risk, but our approach puts direct feedback, rapid support, and in-depth technical help within reach, drawing on the combined knowledge of our operators, engineers, and compliance team. We know every drum’s story—from reactor fill to warehouse rack to customer dock.

    Looking Forward—Sustaining Reliability for Every User

    As regulatory, environmental, and market standards rise, maintaining integrity and quality in how we make and deliver 3-Chloropropionic Acid anchors our day-to-day focus. There are no shortcuts in traceability or customer assurance. Every shipment represents more than numbers on a label; it reflects the continual evolution of skill, commitment, and adaptability that only hands-on chemical manufacturing delivers.