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1-Chloropentane

    • Product Name 1-Chloropentane
    • Alias n-Pentyl chloride
    • Einecs 203-695-6
    • Mininmum Order 1 g
    • Factory Site Tengfei Creation Center,55 Jiangjun Avenue, Jiangning District,Nanjing
    • Price Inquiry admin@sinochem-nanjing.com
    • Manufacturer Sinochem Nanjing Corporation
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    Specifications

    HS Code

    368824

    Chemical Name 1-Chloropentane
    Molecular Formula C5H11Cl
    Molar Mass 106.59 g/mol
    Cas Number 543-59-9
    Appearance Colorless liquid
    Boiling Point 107-109 °C
    Melting Point -99 °C
    Density 0.872 g/cm3
    Refractive Index 1.410
    Flash Point 20 °C
    Solubility In Water Insoluble
    Smiles CCCCCCl
    Name 1-Chloropentane
    Cas Number 110-66-7
    Molecular Formula C5H11Cl
    Molar Mass 106.6 g/mol
    Appearance Colorless liquid
    Odor Sweet, chloroform-like odor
    Boiling Point 107-108 °C
    Melting Point -93 °C
    Density 0.872 g/cm3
    Refractive Index 1.407
    Solubility In Water Insoluble
    Flash Point 20 °C (68 °F)
    Vapor Pressure 18 mmHg (20 °C)
    Pubchem Cid 8032
    Iupac Name 1-Chloropentane

    As an accredited 1-Chloropentane factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.

    Packing & Storage
    Packing The 1-liter amber glass bottle is securely sealed, labeled "1-Chloropentane," with hazard warnings, chemical details, and manufacturer information.
    Shipping 1-Chloropentane is shipped in tightly sealed containers made of compatible materials, typically steel drums or glass bottles. It must be labeled as a flammable and irritant liquid, with appropriate hazard symbols. Transportation follows regulations for hazardous chemicals, avoiding heat, ignition sources, and ensuring proper ventilation to prevent vapor accumulation.
    Storage 1-Chloropentane should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from sources of ignition, heat, and direct sunlight. Keep the container tightly closed and compatible with organic solvents. Store away from strong oxidizing agents, acids, and bases. Use proper labeling and prevent accumulation of vapors. Follow all relevant chemical storage regulations and safety protocols.
    Application of 1-Chloropentane

    Applications of 1-Chloropentane in Industrial Manufacturing

    As a direct manufacturer of 1-chloropentane, we supply this intermediate to companies engaged in high-value downstream synthesis across key sectors. Our industrial users leverage its reactivity, chain length, and chlorinated functionality to enable precision transformations. The following sections detail its genuine, large-scale deployment and the compliance standards, recommended formulation data, integration into production lines, and resulting final goods for each scenario.

    1. Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Intermediate Synthesis

    API manufacturers deploy 1-chloropentane as an alkylating agent in the synthesis of certain pharmaceutical molecules requiring a pentyl substituent, particularly as a precursor in the creation of complex heterocycles and bulk drugs. It enters the process due to its reliable reactivity and minimal impurity profile under cGMP-compliant operations. Chemists benefit from selective pentyl group introduction without generating excessive byproducts in scale-up production.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ICH Q7: Good Manufacturing Practice for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
    • US Pharmacopeia (USP) general chapter requirements for starting materials
    • European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) regulations on process intermediates
    • FDA 21 CFR Part 210/211 for finished pharmaceuticals if used in regulated drugs

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.5–1.2 molar equivalents, relative to the nucleophilic substrate; operators adjust stoichiometry based on reaction completeness as determined by in-process control (IPC) chromatographic analysis.

    Downstream process integration

    • Batch addition during the alkylation stage in multi-purpose reactors, after maintaining reaction mass under nitrogen and before downstream quenching or extraction steps.

    Final product types

    • Specific small-molecule APIs (e.g., alkylated derivatives for CNS drugs, cardiovascular system agents)
    • Pharmaceutical intermediates incorporated in patented synthesis routes
    • Bulk generic drug intermediates for export

    2. Agrochemical Active Intermediate Production

    Agrochemical formulators utilize 1-chloropentane for the in-situ synthesis of pentylated herbicide, fungicide, and insecticide intermediate structures. Chlorinated n-alkane moieties enable desired hydrophobicity, bioactivity, and environmental stability in several modern crop protection chemistries. It must be handled following strict national standards for workers and environment throughout the transformation steps.

    Industry compliance standards

    • FAO/WHO Technical Guidelines for the Quality Control of Pesticides
    • China GB 2763 Maximum Residue Limits for Pesticides
    • REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 for raw material registration and restriction
    • ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management Systems

    Typical usage ratio

    • Typically 1.0–1.5 equivalents per mole of nucleophile; agrochemical engineers fine-tune addition depending on product specification and yield targets observed during pilot batch optimization.

    Downstream process integration

    • Charged to the agitated reaction vessel during the O-alkylation, N-alkylation, or S-alkylation synthesis stage, followed by quenching, crystallization, and solid-liquid separation.

    Final product types

    • Pentylated precursor intermediates for herbicides (e.g., acetanilide-type actives)
    • Active substances in fungicide and insecticide formulations requiring n-pentyl substitution
    • Finished agrochemical technical concentrate for further formulation

    3. Solvent Manufacturing for Specialty Fluids

    Specialty solvent producers employ 1-chloropentane as a chain extender and as a starting feedstock for synthesizing customized aprotic solvents with mid-range volatility and good organic miscibility. This allows solvent formulators to serve niche industrial cleaning, coatings, and extraction markets by building solvent systems that meet sector-specific solubility, evaporation, and flash point profiles.

    Industry compliance standards

    • OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals (for solvent residue assessment)
    • Relevant sections of US TSCA and EU REACH for downstream solvent use registration
    • ISO 17025 for laboratory QC of solvent specifications
    • ASTM Standard D1078 for distillation range test

    Typical usage ratio

    • Entry feedstock: 10–35% by mass in the first-stage C5 chlorinated solvent synthesis, with adjustment depending on purity and chain distribution required in the finished blend.

    Downstream process integration

    • Charged directly into synthesis reactors; controls ensure precise chain length propagation and chlorination before downstream purification and blending to achieve target physical properties.

    Final product types

    • Specialty cleaning fluid base stocks
    • Organic extraction solvents for industrial laboratories
    • Custom mixed solvents for surface coatings and adhesives

    4. Organic Synthesis Intermediate for Fragrance Compounds

    Producers in the aroma chemicals industry utilize 1-chloropentane for regioselective pentyl group introduction in the synthesis of fragrance molecules, such as pentyl-substituted esters and alcohols. It is selected because its clean reactivity profile reduces the formation of unwanted isomers, which is critical for maintaining olfactory purity and compliance with international norms on trace contaminants in fragrances.

    Industry compliance standards

    • IFRA (International Fragrance Association) Standards for material safety and use restriction
    • EU Cosmetic Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 regarding purity for cosmetic ingredients
    • ISO 9235 for definition and labeling of natural and synthetic aroma chemicals
    • Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) for food and cosmetic ingredients

    Typical usage ratio

    • 0.7–1.3 molar equivalents, relative to the primary alcohol, aldehyde, or acid starting material; the actual ratio determined through pilot-scale fragrance synthesis and downstream chromatography results.

    Downstream process integration

    • Added to the synthesis kettle at the alkylation or substitution stage, followed by neutralization, distillation, and fine purification (fractional distillation, solvent extraction).

    Final product types

    • Pentyl-substituted esters used in flavor and fragrance formulations
    • Synthetic aroma alcohols and aldehydes for perfumery compounds
    • Fragrance bases supplied to F&F houses for soap, detergent, and cosmetics blends

    5. Laboratory & Fine Chemical Research Reagent Manufacturing

    Manufacturers of laboratory reagents and specialty organic building blocks incorporate 1-chloropentane as a staple alkyl halide for use in high-purity synthesis kits and research-scale transformations. This enables universities and R&D labs to access the compound as a reliable standard for nucleophilic substitution, custom ligand synthesis, and analytical method development, with traceability and batch homogeneity guaranteed by stringent quality protocols.

    Industry compliance standards

    • ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management for specialty chemical production
    • ASTM E288-90 for laboratory pure reagent accreditation
    • Globally Harmonized System (GHS) of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals for documentation
    • OECD Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) guidelines

    Typical usage ratio

    • Supplied primarily in 97–99% purity grades; end-users typically dose 1 equivalent or slight excess depending on laboratory protocol and reaction scale.

    Downstream process integration

    • Bottled and shipped for direct application as a reagent in organic laboratories; users introduce directly to batch and flow-chemistry set-ups for synthesis of custom molecules.

    Final product types

    • Pentyl-substituted reference standards
    • Fine chemical libraries for research and characterization
    • Educational synthesis reagent kits
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    Certification & Compliance
    More Introduction

    1-Chloropentane: Practical Applications and Insights from Direct Manufacturing

    Introduction to 1-Chloropentane

    As a chemical manufacturer involved in the practical, day-to-day processes of production, we see 1-chloropentane in its true context. This compound, which we produce in batches throughout the year, is far more than a line item in a catalog. In our facilities, 1-chloropentane moves from raw stock to packaged product through a series of well-honed steps developed over decades. Each drum leaving our gates carries value built by hands-on experience and a close relationship with the process. There’s no substitute for the firsthand understanding gained from years of producing chlorinated alkanes, and 1-chloropentane stands out for its specific features and practical relevance.

    Understanding Chemical Attributes

    1-chloropentane falls under the category of alkyl halides, with a structure that gives it both reactivity and selectivity in a variety of reactions. We produce it with a purity that supports demanding downstream reactions, typically upwards of 99%, as verified by ongoing quality control with tools like gas chromatography. Our process relies on chlorination of n-pentane under strictly controlled temperatures and monitoring to ensure consistent output.

    From our vantage point, seeing the product flow from raw materials to final containers means understanding the differences that set our batches apart. Not all chloropentane on the market meets the same purity or stability levels. Through rigorous distillation and analytical steps, we push for a product free from side contaminants such as 2-chloropentane, isopentyl chloride, or residual solvents. This careful approach ensures reliable performance for customers using it in pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and intermediate synthesis.

    Key Applications in Industry

    Our clients approach 1-chloropentane with a variety of needs, but most often, it finds its way into organic synthesis. The appeal lies in its ability to serve as an alkylating agent or as a building block in the formation of more complex molecules. In recent years, fine chemical and pharmaceutical projects require tighter specification on residual solvents and by-products. Those developing medicinal intermediates keep a sharp eye on halide purity, as even slight contaminations can compromise the downstream performance.

    Manufacturers working in crop protection chemistry, flavor development, and specialty coatings value its straight-chain configuration, which imparts distinctive reactivity compared to branched or aromatic chlorides. Through conversations and feedback loops with end users, we discover that even differences in residual acidity or microcontaminants influence the success of a project. Generating feedback-based improvements, from the process floor up to the laboratory, stays central to our daily work.

    Experience with Handling and Storage

    Working with 1-chloropentane, we’ve witnessed how small changes in storage or handling affect usability and waste rates. Its volatility and sensitivity to light and air mean we focus on tight-sealing metal drums or fluorinated containers for shipment. We invest in training for warehouse teams to avoid vapor losses and minimize exposure, both from a safety perspective and to preserve the product’s integrity.

    Our production teams remember previous attempts to use less costly packaging, which yielded avoidable losses and increased customer complaints about degraded material. As a result, we invest in packaging upgrades that extend shelf life and reduce losses en route. These lessons, hard-won over years of manufacturing, influence how we approach every shipment. Storage at modest temperatures, with attention to ventilation and separation from alkali metals or strong bases, has shown itself to be essential in avoiding discoloration and decomposition.

    Quality Control from Factory Floor to Final User

    The reality of producing 1-chloropentane means balancing process efficiency with tight analytical requirements. Material from each batch undergoes spectrographic analysis, ensuring main peak purity and an absence of common byproducts. This step isn’t just regulatory, as our clients’ projects can hinge on minute variances in purity. During scale-up runs for clients in the pharmaceutical sector, we’ve learned that even seasonal changes, like humidity and temperature, can influence purification outcomes.

    By tracking these patterns over time, we respond proactively—adjusting reflux ratios, slowing feed rates, or modifying the agitation profile during synthesis. In return, our customers experience fewer surprises at their end, as our internal corrective actions lead to more predictable performance.

    Differences from Related Compounds

    As the actual producer, we see firsthand the practical differences among alkyl chlorides. 1-chloropentane distinguishes itself in a few key ways. Its straight chain leads to a more predictable nucleophilic substitution pattern compared to branched analogs. Users in pharmaceutical R&D value this predictability when synthesizing ether or amide intermediates from 1-chloropentane.

    Structural isomers, such as 2-chloropentane, tend to introduce side reactions or unwanted byproducts. We produce both, and the challenges posed by these isomers have led us to invest more in product segregation and labeling improvements, so customers receive exactly the variant suited for their reactions. Toluene or benzyl chloride—the latter being aromatic in nature—carry different hazards, solvent compatibilities, and reactivity profiles. Our technical teams often run parallel synthesis trials to advise long-standing partners about these differences before any transfer to pilot or full-scale operations.

    Safety and Regulatory Considerations from the Field

    Complying with regulations and best practices isn’t theoretical for our factory. Every team member recognizes that chlorinated alkanes demand respect, not only for worker safety but also environmental stewardship. We’ve invested in closed-loop systems that capture chlorinated vapors, preventing atmospheric losses and reducing on-site exposure levels.

    Dealing with new or reinforced regulations, such as threshold limit values for volatile organic compounds, influences our process design. Weekly meetings between our production and regulatory compliance units lead to ongoing upgrades, including better scrubbers and real-time monitoring. Hazard communication, both through labeling and training, relies not just on paperwork but on daily reinforcement at shift briefings. We keep safety data sheets current and these are provided to customers with each delivery, outlining practical measures for safe handling from the first opening of the drum through use in the lab or on the plant floor.

    Common Challenges and Solutions in Manufacturing and Supply

    Volatility in the market for feedstock materials, such as n-pentane and chlorine, creates consistent pressure on pricing and lead times. We tackle this through multi-sourcing agreements and transparent forecasting with major users. In previous years, supply interruptions due to transport or external incidents forced us to build strategic inventory buffers and adopt just-in-case planning, so orders continue flowing even during raw material shortfalls.

    Transporting 1-chloropentane presents its own demands: its flammability calls for strict adherence to hazardous materials transport code. We handle all logistics in-house, using trained personnel to mitigate the risk of mislabeling or mishandling at transit hubs. When clients require just-in-time delivery to remote or export locations, our logistics team works closely with international freight partners to map route-specific risk assessments and minimize temperature excursions.

    Feedback-Driven Product Improvement

    Each year, we receive both technical requests and process feedback from long-term industrial clients. Sometimes the insights concern ease of drum opening or the tendency of the compound to pick up water during storage; at other times, they focus on subtle differences in color or reactivity that only become apparent in continuous flow synthesis. We encourage these conversations, as they lead directly to manufacturing improvements or small-batch customization.

    For example, a plastics manufacturer once identified difficulties in injection-molding consistency linked traced back to trace stabilizer levels in 1-chloropentane. Working collaboratively, we adjusted our process and introduced micro-additives that improved their results without affecting compliance. This direct supplier-manufacturer link can’t be replicated by distribution platforms or brokers. By staying close to end-user feedback, every tweak we introduce evolves from real-world context, not theory.

    Environmental Responsibility in Practice

    We understand that sustainability isn’t just marketing: it shapes process choices from raw material selection to waste handling. Our dedication to minimizing emissions started before regulatory mandates, as local communities near our plants watch our track record closely. Investment in recyclers and scrubbers comes not as a response to a scorecard but as an expression of our own standards. Efforts to recapture chlorinated residues and minimize waste have trimmed our emissions year after year.

    By auditing our waste streams, we’ve found secondary markets for certain byproducts, supplying neighboring facilities needing lower-purity chloropentane or specialty waste management solutions. These connections help other manufacturers avoid fresh production runs for certain blends, indirectly reducing CO2 output. As more clients bring up “Scope 3” emission points, offering low-residue or recaptured material serves as a proof of long-term partnership for those who build sustainability into their supply chain.

    Maintaining Consistency through Technology and Human Insight

    Modern instrumentation plays a key role on our factory floor. Yet, it’s the eyes and experience of technicians and plant engineers that prevent small errors from spiraling into bigger problems. Automated fractionation columns and real-time GC monitoring offer granular batch control, but manual sampling and multi-person signoff remain integral at every critical point. Such discipline separates a true manufacturer from those who merely handle material as a logistical exercise.

    One aspect unique to our production is the legacy knowledge embedded in multi-generational teams. Senior chemists impart practical insights on seasonal adjustments to feed rates, drawing from years when temperature swings or rain patterns led to shifts in reaction equilibrium or purification throughput. While lab consultants can recommend analytical methods, only plant-side experience tells us what works under production conditions versus bench-scale tests.

    Staying Ahead of Market and Regulatory Shifts

    With every change in the global chemical landscape, our advantage as a primary manufacturer lies in adaptability. Regulatory frameworks evolve, for example, with increasing scrutiny on persistent organic pollutants, trace contaminants, and reporting obligations. By remaining ahead—investing early in compliance measures—our chemical plant avoids rush retrofits and last-minute recalls.

    Market needs shift over time as well. Greater demand now comes from specialty applications beyond legacy agrochemical intermediates—areas like custom surfactant synthesis or performance fluids. Reevaluating batch sizes and batch-to-batch documentation protocols keeps pace with these evolving inventories. Direct factory relationships with downstream processors mean we can jointly test alternate grades or blends, keeping both sides competitive.

    Conversations with Customers Shape Product Evolution

    Direct engagement with customers, both on technical and procurement sides, drives our ongoing product reviews. Pharmaceutical developers emphasize the importance of batch traceability and reproducibility. We respond by investing in digital batch tracking and cloud-stored production records, offering clients a window into their specific supply. Clients in coatings or fragrance sectors often highlight nuanced performance issues—they might notice changes in odor profile or solvent compatibility, setting off in-house reviews that reach back into process optimization.

    A recurring point learned through these dialogues is the growing expectation for transparency: clients want to know not just what is in the drum but how everything from packaging to transport is handled. Meeting these expectations relies on long-term investment in both people and technology, and our open-door approach to audits builds trust for repeat business.

    Reflections from the Factory Floor

    Day in, day out, the reality of manufacturing 1-chloropentane is a balance of science, logistics, and practical management. Our plant teams approach each shift with focus on predictive maintenance, inventory rotation, and batch documentation—not just because protocols demand it but because experience shows these steps prevent downstream problems.

    Learning from each production cycle sharpens both skill and process. Early career mishaps, like missed corrosion in a pump seal leading to off-spec batches, taught the value of daily inspections. Improvements come from direct experience, not just compliance checklists. Over time, these lessons embed a culture where everyone from maintenance to analytical chemists feels a sense of ownership over the product.

    Forward-Looking Innovation

    Looking ahead, we continue seeking efficiency improvements that do not compromise quality or responsiveness. As synthetic methods evolve in our clients’ industries, we partner for joint development projects, testing alternative chlorination routes or greener purification options. Scaling up new methods while maintaining product consistency stretches both our technical and managerial abilities.

    Adoption of process analytical technologies and digitized batch control represents ongoing investment. But the true difference-maker remains the close relationship between our teams and partner laboratories, sharing know-how and working through challenges together. Every ton of 1-chloropentane we deliver is a testament to that partnership and ongoing commitment to improvement.

    Conclusion: Real Value Built on Hands-On Experience

    In our business, producing and supplying 1-chloropentane is a composite of chemistry, quality assurance, logistics, and responsive customer service. Differences in specification, packaging, and adaptability come from years of practical experience on factory floors, not distant boardrooms. Every feedback loop, every incremental process change, and every successful batch builds a foundation for future success. That makes each container more than just a commodity—it’s a culmination of hands-on input, technical growth, and a shared commitment to safety and reliability.