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Product Name: Tetrahydrofurfuryl Alcohol
Chemical Formula: C5H10O2
Synonyms: THFA, 2-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid with a mild, ether-like odor
Common Uses: Often shows up in cleaning formulations, coatings, agrochemicals, and as a solvent in labs and industry
Molecular Weight: 102.13 g/mol
CAS Number: 97-99-4
Risk Phrases: Harmful if swallowed, irritates eyes and skin, causes respiratory discomfort at high concentrations
GHS Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Pictograms: Exclamation mark for irritation
Main Routes of Exposure: Skin contact, eye contact, inhalation, ingestion
Acute Hazards: Short-term exposure makes eyes and skin sting or burn, breathing fumes brings headaches, dizziness, and sore throat
Chronic Effects: Prolonged skin contact can cause dry, cracked skin; ongoing exposure might bother airways
Substance: Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
Concentration: Usually near 100 percent in pure samples
Impurities: Trace amounts of related furans or water may sometimes be found, but high-quality supplies are very nearly pure
Classification: Substance, not a complex mixture
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash with soap and water until the skin feels normal, do not use solvents
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present and continue rinsing, seek medical help if pain or redness stays
Inhalation: Move into fresh air, keep calm, help breathing if trouble starts
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water, avoid making the person vomit, see a doctor if any symptoms appear
Medical Attention: Continued irritation or breathing problems call for healthcare evaluation
Flammability: Not especially flammable but vapors can catch fire near open flames or high heat
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use foam, CO2, dry chemical, or water spray
Hazardous Combustion Products: Burning generates carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, possibly hazardous furans
Protection for Firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing to avoid fumes
Personal Precautions: Put on gloves and goggles, avoid breathing vapors, keep people without PPE away from the area
Environmental Precautions: Block the spill from drains and watercourses if safe to do, wipe up smaller spills with absorbents
Cleanup Methods: For bigger leaks, use inert material (like sand) to soak up liquid, ventilate the area well, bag or barrel the waste for disposal according to regulations
Handling: Only work with THFA in areas with good ventilation or a fume hood, keep containers sealed when not in use, avoid splashing or forming mist
Storage: Store container tightly closed, out of direct sunlight and away from heat sources, in a cool, dry spot
Incompatibles: Keep far from oxidizing agents and acids, as they can react and create hazards
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust or general ventilation, employ fume hoods for big jobs or when pouring
Personal Protective Equipment: Splash goggles for eyes, chemically resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene), long sleeves or lab coat, respirator if levels rise above exposure limits
Hygiene Measures: No eating, drinking, or smoking while handling chemical, wash thoroughly after completing work
Appearance: Transparent, slightly viscous fluid
Odor: Mild, similar to sweet ether
pH: Nearly neutral in water solution
Boiling Point: 178–180°C
Melting Point: -57°C
Flash Point: Close to 65°C (closed cup method)
Solubility: Mixes freely with water and organic solvents
Vapor Pressure: Low at standard room temperature
Density: Just above that of water, about 1.05 g/cm³ at 20°C
Viscosity: Slightly more viscous than water
Chemical Stability: Stays stable under normal lab and storage conditions
Reactivity: Reacts vigorously with strong oxidizers, acids, and acid chlorides
Decomposition: When exposed to intense heat or open flame, releases hazardous gases like carbon monoxide and various organic byproducts
Acute Toxicity: Moderately toxic if swallowed, less harmful by skin contact or inhalation; LD50 (oral, rat) data puts it in the mid-to-high hundreds mg/kg range
Irritation: Direct contact triggers redness, discomfort, possibly extended dryness with repeated exposure
Long-Term Effects: No strong evidence for cancer, mutations, or reproductive damage, but chronic heavy exposure can harm skin or lungs
Sensitization: Not a common cause of allergic reactions
Aquatic Toxicity: Slightly harmful to aquatic life in concentrated spills; easily broken down by microbes in soil and water
Persistence: Does not linger in the environment, breaks down within days to weeks under most conditions
Bioaccumulation: Unlikely to build up in fish or plants due to its ability to break down
Mobility: Highly mobile in water, so spills can move quickly into streams and drains if not contained
Preferred Disposal: Send to licensed chemical waste facility; do not dump down drain or landfill
Waste Code: Use standard hazardous organic solvent codes where applicable
Rinsing Containers: Triple-rinse empty bottles for proper disposal or recycling; let last drops evaporate under controlled conditions
Shipping Name: Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, not usually assigned hazardous transport ID under most regulations at standard package sizes
Packing Group: Usually falls in the least restrictive category, but keep away from oxidizers and foodstuffs
Transport Requirements: Leakproof containers, correct labeling, and make sure vehicle ventilation protects against buildup of fumes during long hauls
Safety Status: Widely recognized as a workplace chemical, subject to OSHA right-to-know, labeling, and hazard communication
Workplace Limits: Not strictly regulated with established exposure limits in every country, but voluntary guidelines and good lab practice expect THFA use with gloves, goggles, and fume hoods
Environmental Release: Report big spills to local environmental agencies as water or soil release could become an issue for wildlife or drinking water supplies
