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Sulbactam sodium’s journey stretches back to the urgent need for tools to fight antimicrobial resistance in hospitals and clinics. For decades, penicillin and its early relatives controlled bacterial infections with sweeping authority, but bacteria adapted and punched back with enzymes called beta-lactamases. These enzymes knocked out antibiotics that had, not so long ago, changed the course of medicine. Chemists and microbiologists, responding to real-world clinical failures, searched for a way to block beta-lactamase activity — eventually yielding molecules like clavulanic acid, tazobactam, and our focus here, sulbactam. Patented in the late 1970s, sulbactam sodium emerged as a partner to beta-lactam antibiotics, expanding their punch against resistant organisms. Early clinical data and lab work proved it stopped the spread of resistance in hospital wards facing stubborn infections. Since then, hospitals have relied on sulbactam sodium, particularly in combination with ampicillin or cefoperazone, to tackle tricky pathogens. Decades later, its importance keeps growing as resistance outpaces the development of new antibiotics.
Sulbactam sodium brings a clear role: it blocks beta-lactamases. Not your everyday antibiotic — it carries little direct antibacterial activity. Its job is more about team play, restoring the effectiveness of beta-lactam drugs against resistant strains. You won’t see it prescribed as a solo act — it pairs with antibiotics, letting them do their job without getting ripped apart by bacterial enzymes. Most non-sterile grades serve as raw material for final step formulation or for chemical research where ultra-pure forms aren’t essential. The non-sterile label means it isn’t fit for immediate intravenous or intramuscular use but gets processed further before use in patients. The substance appears as a white to nearly white crystalline powder, which makes it easy to identify and handle in manufacturing.
A single glance at the product and one might miss its complexity. It dissolves freely in water — crucial for injectable preparations where solubility can make or break a batch. With a molecular weight of 255.22 g/mol (as the sodium salt), sulbactam sodium readily forms stable solutions in the right pH. Unlike its parent molecule, sulbactam sodium’s sodium salt doesn’t clump up or degrade fast under standard storage. The melting point sits around 220°C, high enough for robust shipping and storage but low enough so it can be managed in pharma plants without risking thermal breakdown. Chemically, its core structure features a 4,5-epoxy-beta-lactam ring, which is the key responsible for attacking beta-lactamase. Each of these properties supports stability, shelf-life, and downstream processing, which pharmaceutical techs and scientists watch closely to prevent expensive recalls.
Buyers or manufacturers need certainty with every purchase. Standard technical sheets detail appearance, identity (often confirmed by IR spectrum and HPLC retention time), purity (usually above 98% by HPLC), sodium content, microbial limits, and residual solvents. Most manufacturers flag heavy metals content below 10 ppm and loss on drying under 5%. The labeling typically gives batch number, date of manufacture, expiry, and warnings about non-sterile status. Some plants print unique QR codes right on the drums to help hospitals and auditors keep track of traceability. Lab techs rely on clear labeling to match each lot with its certificate of analysis in case of any hitch. These steps may sound like dry bureaucracy, but in the field, sloppy labeling can open the door to mishaps and misdosing, especially in high-pressure hospital environments.
Getting sulbactam sodium ready for market goes deeper than mixing chemicals. It starts with chemical synthesis from penicillanic acid derivatives by oxidation and epoxidation. The intermediate, sulbactam, gets neutralized with sodium hydroxide in carefully controlled conditions. Steps include precise pH monitoring to avoid decomposition, chilling cycles to stabilize intermediates, and advanced filtration to gather the pure powder. Post-synthesis, the solid requires vacuum drying to remove traces of solvent without overheating and risking ring opening or hydrolysis. In one plant tour, scientists shared how scheduled equipment cleaning and filtered air prevent contamination, far from the manufacturing shortcuts that dog the industry’s reputation. The process closes with careful sieving and bulk packing in inert, moisture-proof drums.
Chemists appreciate sulbactam sodium’s ring structure: it draws out beta-lactamase activity, forming a dead-end enzyme-inhibitor complex. Unlike some inhibitors, it resists being hydrolyzed by a broad set of beta-lactamases. A handful of research groups have explored acylating or substituting the nitrogen on the core ring to tweak solubility and binding affinity, hoping to push the inhibitor’s reach. Some modifications ramp up resistance to obscure beta-lactamase variants found in tough hospital outbreaks. I’ve watched academic labs and contract research organizations scramble to build analogs for testing, but most stick with the proven sodium salt because of its regulatory history and cost advantage. The chemical handles available for further tuning leave the door open for next-generation molecules but, for now, the original formula remains king in the market.
Chemists and procurement agents may wrestle with a handful of names in catalogs: sodium (2S,5R)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylate-4,4-dioxide, or plain “Sulbactam Sodium”. Global suppliers use registry numbers like CAS 69388-84-7 and UNII 6I939V1B44 as search shortcuts. Trade names pop up too, including Unasyn (in combo with ampicillin) or Bactum. Getting the name right matters. Confusion can slow procurement, delay patient care, and even trigger cross-border import-export snags. Each synonym can point to slight differences in grade or source — a reminder that trust in supply chains gets built with accuracy, not jargon.
Manufacturing and handling sulbactam sodium, non-sterile, doesn’t risk the general population but commands respect in an industrial setting. Powder handling means dust control through personal protective equipment, HEPA air filters, and strict hygiene. Material safety data sheets warn about skin and airway sensitization, something I’ve seen novice workers shrug off, only to later report itching or sneezing bouts after a botched clean-up. Operators keep the production space at negative pressure and avoid direct skin contact during weighing or mixing. Waste disposal follows hazardous pharmaceutical waste rules, where even traces get segregated from general waste, supporting both worker health and environmental standards. Periodic retraining for factory staff reduces workplace accidents, helping companies avoid recalls and regulatory action from oversights.
Outside the clean-bench world of high-end biologics, sulbactam sodium supports the daily fight against dangerous hospital-acquired infections. Its main action appears in combo antibiotics pumped into serious infections, from pneumonia to surgical site contamination. Not limited to adults, pediatricians use it in neonatal units where Gram-negative outbreaks threaten fragile lives. Animal health industries also rely on sulbactam sodium, with vets using blends to salvage livestock threatened by multidrug-resistant bugs. Labs researching beta-lactamase mutants and screening next-generation antibiotics order non-sterile grades for enzyme assays and animal model work. Even government testing labs, monitoring resistance trends, need consistent reference samples and backup stocks. Across all these areas, the compound quietly helps keep older, cheaper antibiotics in action, relieving pressure on doctors and patients.
Research around sulbactam sodium rarely stands still. Pharmaceutical companies continue testing tweaks to stabilize powder in tropical supply chains, minimize breakdown in high-humidity climates, and stamp out impurities that slip past old production lines. Scientists now look for synthetic pathways with fewer solvent steps, both to lower costs and reduce environmental impact. Collaboration with biochemists, data scientists, and clinicians supports a feedback loop where resistance profiles in global hospitals directly inform design tweaks in the lab. Academic partners keep probing the detailed mechanics of inhibitor-enzyme interaction, seeking blueprints for future molecules. In many global R&D labs, the compounds from 30 years ago still serve as the main reference standard for screening, proving that well-made sulbactam sodium holds its value in new scientific fields.
No drug can get by without rigorous study of safety profiles in animals and, later, humans. Labs perform repeat-dose toxicity studies in rats and dogs, charting liver and kidney markers to watch for damage from chronic exposure. Dosing studies explore the margin between symptom-free exposure and early warnings like weight loss or behavioral shifts. Allergenic potential receives attention, especially since the beta-lactam structure can cross-react with penicillin allergies. Rare but serious events, like anaphylaxis, keep regulators alert and lead hospital pharmacies to set up allergy screens before dosing. Handling protocols stem directly from these studies: protective gear at every stage, careful cleanup after spills, and training so workers recognize early warning signs of exposure. For those in downstream R&D, a good grasp of these safety findings shapes smarter study design and keeps colleagues out of the ER.
Faced with a relentless rise in antibiotic resistance, the world still counts on sulbactam sodium as a key stopgap. Combining old drugs with well-made inhibitors stretches the life of invaluable antibiotics, cutting costs for health systems and buying time for new classes to emerge. One promising area is pairing sulbactam sodium with novel antibiotics designed from the ground up, engineered specifically to plug emerging enzyme threats. Supply chains may soon see co-formulated powders that speed preparation in busy clinics, plus packaging upgrades that resist moisture and light in hot, rural markets. Some researchers develop sustained-release forms for outpatient management without repeated shots, offering relief in resource-limited rural clinics. As more resistance genes get mapped, the molecule could serve as a blueprint for inhibitors tuned to changing threats. Regardless of the hype cycles surrounding biotech startups, the usefulness of sulbactam sodium remains rooted in its solid science, practical feasibility, and decades-long presence—even as the world hustles to outpace bacterial evolution.
Sulbactam sodium is a commonly used chemical in the pharmaceutical world, mostly recognized for its role in tackling bacteria that don't play fair. Human health has always danced a tricky step with infections, and over the years, doctors noticed that some bacteria have figured out how to dodge standard antibiotics. They produce defensive proteins called beta-lactamases, which can break down drugs like penicillin, making them useless. Sulbactam sodium works by blocking these proteins, opening the door for antibiotics to do their job.
Non-sterile sulbactam sodium serves a very specific function. It’s not injected straight into the human body. Pharmaceutical companies and labs use it as a raw material or building block in manufacturing—especially when making the sterile versions that end up in hospitals. Non-sterile forms usually arrive as powders or granules, kept strictly for use inside controlled environments. In my time observing how medications come together, I’ve realized just how much depends on these behind-the-scenes ingredients. They might look like ordinary white powders, but without them, the pill or vial you depend on simply wouldn’t exist.
Doctors worry about antibiotic resistance spiraling out of control. The World Health Organization flags this trend as a critical threat to health systems. Sulbactam sodium helps stall this race. By teaming up with antibiotics such as ampicillin, sulbactam strengthens their punch and gives hospitals a fighting chance against resistant strains. There’s a real-world difference here—families go home sooner, doctors stay more confident in their treatments, and health costs drop. Letting simple infections turn life-threatening would take us back decades, so every tool counts.
Trust in medication relies on strict quality standards. Non-sterile sulbactam sodium doesn’t dodge scrutiny just because it’s part of a longer process. Producers must follow detailed checks for identity, strength, and purity, using scientific tools like high-performance liquid chromatography. This isn’t just regulatory paperwork—it keeps contaminated batches out of the pipeline and prevents recalls that could delay urgent care. Any slip, and someone down the line could be left without proper medicine at a key moment.
The push to stop antibiotic resistance doesn’t pause at the pharmacy counter. We need more public education about using antibiotics wisely, fewer unnecessary prescriptions, and better tracking of resistance patterns. On the production side, more investment in robust, transparent quality systems keeps products safer. Relying on trusted sources and supporting local production capacity cuts down the risk from counterfeit or subpar suppliers, a concern that’s grown across different regions. Finally, research into new beta-lactamase inhibitors, alongside sulbactam, gives future generations more choices and flexibility in treatment. Expertise and a human touch both matter here—without them, science can fall short in the real world.
Sulbactam sodium—non-sterile to start, but essential all the same—reminds us that much of modern healthcare depends on the small details. One overlooked supply can throw off everything from routine surgeries to serious infection care. Health workers, patients, and manufacturers all help uphold a chain that protects lives. That connection runs deep, even if it starts with a simple chemical name on a package.
Sulbactam Sodium, in its non-sterile form, plays a key role in pharmaceutical development, compounding, and research. Its value depends on how well it’s protected before use. As someone who has handled antibiotic precursors in bulk, I learned quickly that overlooking proper storage can turn valuable stock into hazardous waste in no time.
Sulbactam Sodium absorbs moisture and reacts with air quicker than most might expect. If a facility keeps this material in a humid or warm storeroom, breakdown of the active ingredient speeds up. Potency starts dropping, which means failed quality checks and wasted money. Even minor temperature spikes ruin batches, especially when stored in open containers or near sources of heat like autoclaves or sun-exposed windows.
Contamination is not just a theoretical risk. Once, while running quality control, I found that opening a bulk container outside of a designated clean space left residues that contaminated neighboring chemicals. That batch never made it to formulation, and the cost was considerable. With antimicrobials, even a small trace of anything unwanted forces a recall.
Long-term experience and published stability studies both support a clear standard: keep Sulbactam Sodium in tightly closed, light-resistant containers, out of direct sunlight. Temperatures should remain below 25°C (77°F) in a cool, dry place. Some suppliers call for storage at 2-8°C (refrigerated), especially for long-term handling or if your lab constantly deals with humid air. Never store this material near sources of water wash-downs or in facilities prone to condensation.
It’s easy to treat these recommendations as overkill until a shipment turns brown or starts clumping. Once this happens, no testing will resurrect the batch. Keeping containers sealed with desiccants helps stave off moisture. Avoiding plastic bags as primary storage can also make a difference—hard containers defend better against accidental puncture or tears.
Clear labeling seems like a minor detail, but it prevented confusion in more than one hectic storeroom. Include date of receipt, storage requirements, and lot number on each container. This allows anyone to see at a glance if material passed its shelf life or got stored in the wrong spot. Regular internal audits also caught problems before third-party inspectors ever set foot in the building. Spot checks go a long way to maintaining a strong safety and quality culture.
Smaller clinics occasionally store Sulbactam Sodium in ordinary supply rooms, not built for pharmaceutical chemicals. Adding a dedicated, air-conditioned cabinet or even a mini-fridge with temperature monitoring often makes all the difference. In one small research facility, installing a hygrometer saved several batches by catching a sudden rise in moisture after an HVAC breakdown.
Training matters for staff managing storage spaces. Even the best policy fails if team members stack containers too close to heat sources or overlook resealing after use. Posting a simple checklist near the storage area helped keep mistakes from happening. Using transparent logs for material movement, expiration, and inspections also builds trust for everyone—from bench scientists to auditors.
Simple investments in climate control, labeling, and clear protocols keep Sulbactam Sodium non-sterile safe, potent, and compliant. Observing these storage standards protects facility reputation and patient safety alike.
In the world of medicine, people rarely pause to consider the journey a chemical compound takes before reaching the hands of professionals. Sulbactam Sodium, especially in its non-sterile form, has been under my radar ever since I heard about the challenge hospital staff faced during peak shortages. Proper packaging isn’t an afterthought for manufacturers or pharmacies—it shapes safety, cost, and even the ability for a hospital to fight resistant bacteria. As someone who has spoken with pharmacists and supply chain experts, ignoring a small tweak in packaging can mean a batch wasted, or worse, a patient delayed in care.
Sulbactam Sodium - Non-Sterile usually arrives in bulk. Large, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) drums or fiberboard cartons lined with moisture barriers set a common standard. These containers are designed for easy access in labs, where technicians measure and prepare doses for compounding. A friend in the pharmaceutical industry once told me stories about how defective seals led to moisture seepage. Moisture doesn’t just spoil the powder; it can kick off breakdown reactions, rendering valuable antibiotics useless. Using robust, double-seal lids and desiccant canisters feels less like an option and more like a basic demand.
Just last year, I visited a compounding facility. There, workers were diligent about storing every drum at controlled temperatures. Non-sterile Sulbactam Sodium—unlike its sterile counterpart—carries a risk if it’s handled like just any chemical. Punctured liners, temperature swings, or direct sunlight can knock down shelf life. Industry guidelines don’t just fill a textbook; they exist because someone, somewhere, faced the consequences of ignoring them. Sulbactam is packaged with silica gel packets in tamper-evident packaging for this reason. Outside labeling needs to include batch numbers and expiry dates that withstand months of storage, shipping, and sometimes, mishandling. You can’t rely on memory or plain paper labels in a warehouse bustling with similar-looking drums.
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), along with European Medicines Agency (EMA) counterparts, inspects packaging records and audits shipments. Seeing one up close during an audit gave me real respect for these checkpoints. Every container carries a certificate of analysis, so nobody gets left guessing about purity or contamination. These steps matter because sterile processing later in the pharmacy doesn’t forgive early packaging failures. Traceability is more than a buzzword. For anti-infective agents, this backbone of documentation holds even more weight as antimicrobial resistance rises.
Improvement doesn’t require some distant innovation. Smaller, clearly labeled containers can help reduce cross-contamination risk in smaller hospitals. Bringing in tamper-resistant seals cuts problems at busy shipping depots. Improved training for warehouse staff, based on real-world incidents rather than dry policy documents, can catch problems before the drugs reach a compounding lab.
Daily practice shapes patient outcomes, but packaging shapes daily practice. We need more conversation between pharmacists, shippers, and regulatory agencies to share common pitfalls and fix the gaps that slip through with bulk APIs like Sulbactam Sodium.
There’s a special kind of responsibility tied to handling pharmaceutical compounds, especially ones as crucial as Sulbactam Sodium in its non-sterile form. From years spent working alongside pharmacists and supply teams, I’ve seen how shelf life shapes both the reliability of medicine and the bottom line in healthcare. A drug’s clock starts right from the manufacturing date, and for something like Sulbactam Sodium non-sterile, that clock really matters. Lapses aren’t harmless—they risk safety and waste, two deadly sins in medicine.
Manufacturers usually assign a shelf life of two years to Sulbactam Sodium non-sterile, if it’s kept sealed in its original packaging—tightly closed, moisture-free, and shielded from the sun. This isn’t just guesswork. Stability studies guide these labels, and the science behind them follows strict protocols. Exposing the powder to humidity speeds up its breakdown. Over time, the integrity of the molecule falters and the drug loses its expected punch. The U.S. Pharmacopeia keeps a watchful eye on such pharmaceuticals, laying down compliance standards that help us know if a batch remains reliable after sitting on a shelf.
Using Sulbactam Sodium past its shelf life doesn’t just mean a shot at reduced effectiveness. Chemical changes might produce unknown impurities, especially if storage has been less than ideal. At best, the treatment underperforms. At worst, you’re dealing with reactions or complications due to breakdown products never studied for safety. This risk hits hardest in clinics serving remote areas—expired or near-expiry drugs often end up used because of supply gaps. I’ve seen rural pharmacists forced to choose between turning patients away or dipping into expired stock. That’s a sign the supply chain needs more support, not a green light to gamble on shelf life.
Sulbactam Sodium non-sterile powder wants its peace—cool, dry, and dark storage keeps it at its best. Over years handling medications, I always come back to the basics: clean storage rooms, daily temperature checks, and regular audits of expiration dates. Some facilities use automated inventory systems to flag soon-to-expire drugs, which reduces wastage. It isn't enough just to glance at expiration dates during stock checks. Training staff to spot signs of degradation and rotate stock boosts safety.
Tracking shelf life digitally means less left to chance. Real-time inventory alerts prevent surprises when a batch is on its way out. Pharmacy schools could spend more time on practical shelf life management, not just theory. Meanwhile, manufacturers can support end-users with clear guidelines—big, legible labels and updated safety data sheets make for easier decisions on the ground. Donating near-expiry stock to organizations that can use it right away also prevents waste. Fine-tuning supply chain logistics lets the right amount of medicine reach the right place before the clock runs out.
Sulbactam Sodium’s utility relies on more than a chemical formula. Its shelf life shapes treatment outcomes, supply budgets, and even trust in a healthcare system. Valuing shelf life doesn’t just respect a scientific process; it honors the frontline workers and patients who depend on each dose. Getting it right turns shelf management into a backbone of safe and effective care.
Handling Sulbactam Sodium, especially in non-sterile form, takes more than quick glances at the bottle and a few gloves. Sulbactam isn’t some harmless powder; it’s a β-lactamase inhibitor used in hospitals to beef up the power of antibiotics. Dust it around, get careless with your protective gear, and you could start experiencing headaches, respiratory issues, or skin irritation. Some folks break out in rashes or worse — I’ve witnessed allergic reactions from accidental splashes during a busy pharmacy shift. No one wants to scrub out hives instead of going home at the end of a long day.
Goggles and gloves save you more worries than you think. I once saw a tech try to rush through a compounding task, skipping goggles because “it’ll be fast.” Forty minutes later, he sat in urgent care with red, burning eyes. Safety goggles, long-sleeved lab coats, and good gloves work together as a defense. A dust mask or a certified respirator blocks in-the-air powder from sneaking into your lungs — essential in dry or poorly ventilated prep rooms.
Spilled powders spread invisibly over benches and floors. Anything with antibiotic action threatens other drugs, samples, or your own lunch. I always clean bench space before and after, using proper cleaning agents, not just a quick wipe with a dry towel, since Sulbactam sticks easily to rough or porous surfaces.
Leaving Sulbactam Sodium in the wrong spot or without clear labeling isn’t just sloppy, it can lead to contamination or accidental mixing with the wrong batch. In a lab I worked, one misplaced tub led to days of paperwork when someone used it in the wrong solution. Store tightly sealed containers in dry, clearly marked cabinets. Always label by date, batch, and hazard warning. Clear labeling keeps people safe and projects organized.
Tossing leftover Sulbactam Sodium or its solutions down the drain harms both the environment and municipal water systems. Pharmaceutical compounds aren’t meant for regular trash or sinks. Follow protocols for hazardous chemical disposal—use special bins or arrange for licensed pickup. My old workplace kept a logbook for chemical waste, checked weekly, which helped avoid fines during surprise inspections.
People with a history of β-lactam allergies stand a higher risk handling Sulbactam. It’s not always obvious who will react, so new staff should reveal allergy history before working in compounding areas. I’ve seen cases where handling even trace amounts caused trouble for an unsuspecting technician. It’s better to swap that person’s tasks or give them heightened protective gear, rather than risk a medical emergency.
Anyone working with non-sterile Sulbactam Sodium should go beyond reading a short handout. Regular, face-to-face safety demonstrations always pay off. Watching experienced staff handle powder—using gentle motions, avoiding clouds, double-checking labels—teaches more than any manual. I once mentored new staff by walking them through each step, showing them real consequences for ignoring safety, not just repeating guidelines.
What works on paper isn’t always what works in practice. Setting up a culture where people speak up about spills or near-misses helps the whole team. Easy access to cleaning supplies, marked waste bins, and regular refreshers on protocols go further than one-time training. A responsible, careful approach to Sulbactam Sodium handling keeps everyone safer—patients and staff alike.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | Sodium (2S,5R)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylate 4,4-dioxide |
| Other names |
A-1796 Beta-lactamase Inhibitor A1796 Sulbactam Disodium Salt UNII-5285G2NE92 |
| Pronunciation | /ˈsʌl.bæk.tæm ˈsoʊ.di.əm/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 69388-84-7 |
| Beilstein Reference | 1761051 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:32167 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL2103838 |
| ChemSpider | 120424 |
| DrugBank | DB00605 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 03e1e4b6-3b97-4457-ac40-319ada2c1ff2 |
| EC Number | 610-501-4 |
| Gmelin Reference | 78797 |
| KEGG | D08545 |
| MeSH | D013225 |
| PubChem CID | 23667674 |
| RTECS number | WN8SXA167J |
| UNII | 87646JF1Q7 |
| UN number | 2811 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C8H10NNaO5S |
| Molar mass | 234.18 g/mol |
| Appearance | White to off-white powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 0.89 g/cm3 |
| Solubility in water | Very soluble in water |
| log P | -2.3 |
| Acidity (pKa) | pKa = 2.6 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 2.6 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -5.3E-6 cm³/mol |
| Dipole moment | 3.5 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 301.2 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | −394.51 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | J01CG01 |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | May cause eye, skin, and respiratory tract irritation. |
| GHS labelling | GHS labelling: "Danger; H334, H317, H319, H335, H412; P261, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P333+P313, P337+P313, P362+P364 |
| Pictograms | GHS05, GHS07 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | Hazard statements: "H315, H319, H335 |
| Precautionary statements | P264, P270, P272, P280, P302+P352, P308+P313, P333+P313, P362+P364 |
| Lethal dose or concentration | Lethal dose or concentration: **LD50 (intraperitoneal, mouse): 5200 mg/kg** |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose): Intraperitoneal, mouse = 6500 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | Not listed |
| PEL (Permissible) | Not established |
| REL (Recommended) | 10 mg/m3 |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Sulbactam Sulbactam Pivaloyloxymethyl Ester Sulbactam Tosylate Sulbactam Acid |
