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Product Name: Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
Synonyms: Lauryl sulfate sodium salt, SDS, SLS
Chemical Formula: C12H25NaO4S
CAS Number: 151-21-3
Intended Use: Cleaning agent, laboratory reagent, emulsifier in personal care products, pharmaceutical manufacturing
Manufacturer Contact: Emergency phone numbers and address details provided by the supplier or laboratory chemical distributor
Recommended Restriction: For professional or industrial use only
Classification: Eye irritation (Category 2), Skin irritation (Category 2), Acute toxicity, oral (Category 4)
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Causes skin irritation, causes serious eye irritation, harmful if swallowed
Pictograms: Exclamation mark (GHS07)
Precautionary Statements: Wear protective gloves, eye protection; avoid breathing dust; wash thoroughly after handling; do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling
Potential Health Effects: Short-term or direct exposure can cause sore throat, nausea, gastrointestinal disturbance, redness and dryness of skin, burning sensation in eyes; chronic or repeated exposure may exacerbate dermatitis or respiratory sensitivity
Environmental Hazards: Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects
Chemical Name: Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
Concentration: Typically >95% pure in powder or granular forms
CAS Number: 151-21-3
Impurities: May contain very small amounts of related alkyl sulfates, sodium chloride, or sodium sulfate as residuals from manufacturing
Ingredient Purpose: Acts mainly as a surfactant, emulsifier, and cleaning agent across diverse settings
Inhalation: Move the affected person to fresh air immediately; get medical attention if symptoms such as coughing or persistent irritation occur
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; use mild soap if available; seek medical advice if irritation or redness persists
Eye Contact: Hold eyelids open and rinse eyes gently with water for at least 15 minutes; remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; seek immediate medical care
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly with water; do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical professionals; give water to drink if conscious; call poison control and seek medical attention promptly
Notes to Healthcare Providers: Symptoms are mainly due to local irritation; treat supportively for gastrointestinal upset or allergic response
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide (CO2), alcohol-resistant foam, water spray
Unsuitable Media: Direct jet of water in compact powder form (potential for spreading fire or dispersing powder)
Specific Fire Hazards: May produce toxic fumes such as oxides of sulfur, carbon monoxide, sodium oxides during combustion
Special Protective Equipment: Firefighters should use self-contained breathing apparatus and wear full protective gear to prevent contact with skin or eyes and inhalation of fumes
Fire-Fighting Instructions: Prevent fire runoff from entering drains or water sources; apply standard fire-fighting techniques for chemical fires
Personal Precautions: Wear protective equipment including gloves, safety goggles, dust mask or respirator; avoid breathing dust or mist; avoid contact with skin and eyes
Environmental Precautions: Contain spill to prevent entry into drains, waterways, or soil; report larger spills to appropriate regulatory agencies
Methods for Cleanup: Sweep up carefully to avoid creating airborne dust; avoid dry sweeping during large spills—moisten if safe to do so; place in a suitable, labeled container for disposal; ventilate area fully after cleanup
Other Instructions: Wash exposed surfaces with water; dispose of cleanup materials as per local regulations for hazardous waste
Safe Handling: Work in well-ventilated areas; use appropriate personal protective equipment; avoid generating dust or aerosols; keep away from food, drink, and animal feed
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; change contaminated clothing; prevent contact with skin, eyes, or clothing during use
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location away from incompatible materials (strong oxidizers, acids)
Storage Conditions: Protect from direct sunlight, moisture, and extreme heat; keep out of reach of children and untrained personnel
Engineering Controls: Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering measures to control airborne levels below recommended exposure limits; eyewash stations and safety showers in work area recommended
Personal Protective Equipment: Safety goggles or face shield to protect eyes; chemical-resistant gloves and lab coat or apron for skin; appropriate mask or respirator in high-dust areas
Exposure Limits: No specific OSHA or ACGIH exposure limit for sodium dodecyl sulfate; dust, total nuisance particulates—OSHA PEL: 15 mg/m3 (total), 5 mg/m3 (respirable fraction)
Environmental Protection: Prevent large-scale discharges or releases to water systems
Form: White crystalline powder or granular solid
Odor: Mild soapy scent
Molecular Weight: 288.4 g/mol
Melting Point: Approximately 204°C (399°F)
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Solubility: Soluble in water; forms opalescent solutions at lower concentrations
pH (1% solution): 7-9
Density: ~1.01 g/cm3
Flash Point: Not flammable under normal handling
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): ~1.6
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and storage conditions
Reactivity: Not highly reactive, but may react with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, and certain alkalis
Conditions to Avoid: Exposure to direct flames or high temperatures, humid conditions, mixing with incompatible substances
Decomposition Products: Sulfur oxides, carbon oxides, sodium oxide fumes
Hazardous Polymerization: Not known to occur
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 1,200 mg/kg to 2,000 mg/kg; data supports harmful effects at elevated doses
Skin and Eye Contact: Causes moderate to severe irritation; repeated or prolonged contact aggravates the risk of dermatitis
Chronic Effects: Prolonged exposure may sensitize skin, aggravate eczema or other skin conditions
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as a human carcinogen according to IARC, NTP, OSHA
Other Effects: Inhalation of dust may cause transient respiratory discomfort in sensitive individuals; not known to affect fertility or cause birth defects at occupational exposure levels
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to fish and aquatic invertebrates at moderate concentrations; LC50 for fish: 1-50 mg/L (species-dependent)
Persistence/Degradability: Readily biodegradable in aquatic and terrestrial environments but intermediate breakdown products may persist briefly
Bioaccumulation: Low potential for bioaccumulation; log Kow indicates moderate mobility
Additional Environmental Impact: Sudsy residues in water can harm aquatic organisms by reducing oxygen transfer and disrupting membranes
Disposal Considerations: Avoid uncontrolled discharges into soil or water; treat waste appropriately before disposal
Disposal of Product: Handle as a hazardous waste; transfer to a licensed chemical waste disposal facility; follow national and local regulations
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse thoroughly before recycling or disposal; puncture or crush containers to prevent reuse; follow hazardous waste management protocols
Sewage Disposal Restrictions: Do not flush larger quantities down drains or sewers; consult with municipal wastewater authorities
Waste Code: Assign relevant hazardous waste code according to country and local regulatory authority; in the US, typical classification as non-specific inorganic waste unless mixed with listed hazardous constituents
UN Number: Not regulated under international transport regulations as a hazardous material for ground, air, or marine transport
Proper Shipping Name: Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate or Sodium Lauryl Sulfate
Hazard Class: Not classified as dangerous goods by transportation agencies (DOT, IATA, IMDG) unless in large scale or mixed with certain hazardous compounds
Packing Group: Not applicable in typical commercial quantities and packaging
Special Precautions: Preserve original container; prevent dust release during loading/unloading; consult local authorities for transport of bulk material
OSHA Status: Considered hazardous by the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200)
TSCA (Toxic Substances Control Act): Listed in United States TSCA inventory
REACH Status: Registered under Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH) in Europe
SARA Title III (Sections 311/312): Immediate (acute) health hazard
DSL/NDSL: Listed in Canadian Domestic Substance List (DSL)
California Proposition 65: Not listed as a chemical known to cause cancer or reproductive toxicity
Other Regulatory References: Check national, regional, and local environmental and workplace safety agencies for additional restrictions or guidance on use and disposal
