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Name: Octene Chemical Formula: C8H16 CAS Number: 111-66-0 Physical Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid with a mild hydrocarbon odor Common Names: 1-Octene, alpha-octene Main Uses: Common ingredient in the production of polyethylene, used in chemical syntheses, plasticizers, and surfactants
GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 3), Acute oral toxicity (Category 4), Skin irritant (Category 2) Hazard Statements: Highly flammable liquid and vapor. Causes skin irritation. Harmful if swallowed. Signal Word: Warning Potential Health Effects: Inhalation may irritate the respiratory tract, skin contact can cause dryness or cracking, ingestion may lead to nausea or dizziness. Prolonged or repeated exposure boosts risks for central nervous system depression and skin sensitivity.
Substance: Octene Purity: Typically above 98% Impurities: Possible traces of other C8 hydrocarbons, minor residual solvents from production Major Isomer: 1-Octene constitutes the primary form, though other isomers may appear in technical-grade products
Inhalation: Move exposed individual to fresh air. Keep comfortable and monitor breathing. If breathing feels difficult, seek medical help. Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Rinse affected area thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes. Persistent irritation warrants medical attention. Eye Contact: Rinse gently with plenty of water for several minutes, removing contact lenses if present. Seek medical advice if discomfort continues. Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water, avoid inducing vomiting. Seek medical attention for symptoms like vomiting, dizziness, or drowsiness.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Foam, dry chemical powder, or carbon dioxide. Water spray may help cool heated surfaces but cannot extinguish liquid fires directly. Hazardous Combustion Products: Burning may release carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and unburned hydrocarbons. Precautions for Firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective gear. Stay upwind and avoid breathing vapors. Explosion Risks: Vapor may form explosive mixtures with air and can spread along surfaces to distant ignition points.
Personal Protection: Use personal protective equipment such as gloves, goggles, and flame-resistant clothing. Remove ignition sources and ventilate area well. Spill Cleanup: Contain spillage using inert absorbents like sand or earth. Collect in appropriate container for disposal. Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into drains, waterways, or soil. Notify authorities if a major spill occurs that could harm the environment.
Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas. Ground and bond containers to avoid static discharge. Avoid inhalation of vapors and direct contact with skin and eyes. Storage: Keep tightly closed in a cool, dry location away from heat, sparks, and open flame. Use containers designed for flammable liquids. Separate from oxidizers and acids. Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers like peroxides, nitric acid, and chlorine can cause dangerous reactions.
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation or general room ventilation reduces vapor exposure. Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, and a flame-resistant lab coat or apron shield against contact. Respiratory Protection: Respirators with organic vapor cartridges in case of inadequate ventilation. Work Practices: Wash hands after handling. Remove contaminated clothing before eating, drinking, or smoking.
Physical State: Liquid Color: Clear, colorless Odor: Mild, characteristic hydrocarbon scent Boiling Point: About 121-123°C Melting Point: Near -101°C Flash Point: Roughly 22-27°C (closed cup) Vapor Pressure: Moderate at room temperature Density: Around 0.71 g/cm³ at 20°C Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents like alcohols and ethers
Chemical Stability: Octene shows stability under ordinary storage conditions. Hazardous Reactions: Vigorous reactions occur with strong oxidizing agents. Decomposition Products: Burning or thermal breakdown releases toxic fumes including carbon monoxide. Conditions to Avoid: Prevent exposure to sparks, flames, and other heat sources.
Likely Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, incidental ingestion Possible Acute Effects: Drowsiness, headache, skin dryness, irritation Chronic Effects: Extended contact can bring chronic dermatitis. Inhalation over long periods may worsen central nervous system symptoms. LD50 Oral (rat): Estimated around 12,000 mg/kg Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC or US agencies, but personal protection stays important based on hydrocarbon character.
Environmental Fate: Expected to evaporate from soil and water surfaces. In soil, partial degradation happens through microbial action, though some persistence remains. Aquatic Toxicity: Toxic to fish and invertebrates at high concentrations. Floating slicks disrupt oxygen transfer and can impact aquatic life. Bioaccumulation Potential: Low to moderate; octene does not highly bioaccumulate but repeated spills stress ecosystems. Soil Mobility: Moves quickly, particularly through sandy or loose soils, increasing risk of groundwater contamination.
Waste Treatment: Small volumes get absorbed onto sand or earth, then incinerated in approved facilities. Do not release into sewers, drains, or surface waters. Container Disposal: Empty drums or containers require triple rinsing and then recycling or disposal through certified waste companies.
UN Number: 3295 (Hydrocarbons, Liquid n.o.s.) Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquid) Packing Group: III Proper Shipping Name: Hydrocarbons, Liquid, n.o.s. Transport Precautions: Secure the containers tightly, keep away from incompatible cargo, and store upright during transit. Regulations call for accurate labeling and placarding to prevent accidents.
Occupational Exposure Limits: OSHA and ACGIH may provide threshold values for comparable alkenes. Regulated Under: Many countries consider octene a hazardous material under transport and workplace safety laws due to flammability and health concerns. Labeling Requirements: Flammable Liquid, avoid release to the environment, hazard pictograms as per GHS rules. Restrictions: Safe handling and disposal procedures must match local, national, and international guidelines for hazardous chemicals.
