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Chemical Name: N-Vinylpyrrolidone
CAS Number: 88-12-0
Molecular Formula: C6H9NO
Physical Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid that tends to pick up moisture from the air
Smell: Slightly amine-like, not particularly pungent
Common Uses: Polymer production, copolymer synthesis, adhesive and coating industries
GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 3), Skin irritant (Category 2), Eye irritation (Category 2A)
Hazard Statements: Causes skin and eye irritation; may cause allergic skin reactions; flammable
Pictograms: Exclamation mark and flame symbols work as reminders of both skin sensitivity and flammability
Exposure Routes: Skin contact, inhalation, accidental ingestion
Symptoms of Exposure: Redness, itching, watering of eyes, dryness or cracking of the skin, headache or dizziness from inhalation
Primary Ingredient: N-Vinylpyrrolidone, purity often above 99% in industrial uses
Impurities: Small amounts of water due to hygroscopic nature; trace monomers rarely exceed 1%
Stabilizers: Suppliers sometimes add antioxidants to slow polymerization before use, but recipes vary by manufacturer
Inhalation: Move to clean, fresh air right away; monitor breathing
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing; use plenty of water and soap for rinsing
Eye Contact: Flush eyes under running water for several minutes; keep eyelids open
Ingestion: Rinse mouth without inducing vomiting; seek medical care promptly
Seek Medical Help: If symptoms persist for any exposure route or if allergic responses flare up
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, foam, water spray to cool adjacent containers
Unsuitable Media: Straight water jets do little to stop splatter fires in open containers
Hazardous Combustion Products: Keep in mind that burning may produce carbon oxides and nitrogen oxides
Protective Gear for Firefighters: Self-contained breathing apparatus recommended
Fire and Explosion Risks: Vapors heavier than air; they crawl and collect in low spots before ignition
Personal Precautions: Proper gloves, safety goggles, chemical-resistant boots for any salvage or cleanup
Ventilation: Open windows, doors, and use mechanical fans if the spill is indoors
Containment: Use absorbent material—sand or commercial spill kits soak up the liquid fast
Cleanup: Scoop absorbed material into steel or plastic drums for disposal; wipe up residues to keep slicks from becoming trip hazards
Environmental Precautions: Block entry to sewers, groundwater channels, and storm drains
Local Exhaust: Capture any vapor or fume at source in larger-scale workspace settings
Safe Handling: Keep away from open flames, sparks; do not smoke anywhere nearby
Storage Temperature: Room temperature, below 25°C if possible to slow any unwanted polymerization
Container Choices: Stainless steel or glass, tightly sealed; some plastics degrade or let in moisture
Avoidance: Do not store near oxidizing agents, acids, or strong alkalies
Engineering Controls: Fume hoods in labs; local exhaust in manufacturing
Eye/Face Protection: Safety goggles, face shields for splash risk
Skin Protection: Butyl rubber or nitrile gloves; lab coat or chemical apron
Inhalation Protection: Respirators with organic vapor cartridges for poorly ventilated spaces
Exposure Limits: No formal OSHA or ACGIH limits, but European agencies suggest keeping airborne concentrations below 1 ppm
Physical State: Liquid
Boiling Point: 92-95°C at reduced pressure
Melting Point: Stays liquid at room temperature
Flash Point: Around 90°C (closed cup)
Vapor Pressure: Moderate, so it evaporates over time
Solubility: Completely miscible with water, alcohols, and many organic solvents
Density: About 1.04-1.05 g/cm³ at 20°C
Odor Threshold: Faint, but noticeable if a spill occurs
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage; heat, light, and peroxides nudge it toward unwanted polymerization
Reactive Incompatibles: Strong oxidizers, acids
Polymerization Risk: Uncontrolled polymerization may erupt in heat or if left exposed to air or sunlight
Hazardous Decomposition: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxides in fire or thermal decomposition
Storage Caution: Use stabilizers in bulk storage, but rotate stock regularly to avoid buildup of impurities
Acute Exposure: Irritates skin, mucous membranes, and eyes; may sensitize skin with repeated handling
Inhalation: Irritation of throat, nasal passage; large doses tied to headaches or dizziness
Ingestion: Not a common hazard in the workplace, but swallowing the chemical can lead to gastric upset, vomiting
Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated contact may spur allergic reactions or chronic dermatitis
Carcinogenicity: No concrete link in humans found, but as an industrial chemical, caution always makes sense
Aquatic Impact: Harmful to aquatic organisms in high doses; easily soluble, so effluent treatment matters
Persistence and Degradability: Moderately biodegradable, but not instant in cold or low-oxygen conditions
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low, few reports suggest the compound lingers in tissues
Precaution for Runoff: Prevent uncontrolled releases into waterways or open ground to avoid ecosystem disruption
Disposal Methods: Take liquid residues to licensed chemical waste incinerators or established hazardous waste treatment operations
Do Not: Pour into drains, sewers, or open soil
Packaging: Clean any empty containers with a suitable solvent before recycling or disposal; puncture or crush to prevent reuse
UN Number: 2810
Proper Shipping Name: Toxic Liquid, Organic, n.o.s. (may include N-Vinylpyrrolidone as example)
Hazard Class: 6.1 (toxic substances)
Packing Group: III
Transport Notes: Use robust, tightly sealed containers; store upright and label clearly
REACH: Listed under European regulation for registration, evaluation, authorization and restriction of chemicals
TSCA: Included as a chemical substance under the U.S. Toxic Substances Control Act
Worker Protection: Many countries hold N-Vinylpyrrolidone to occupational exposure assessment and risk management rules
Labeling Requirements: GHS symbols, hazard statements, and PPE suggestions required on packaging
Environmental Release Notifications: Reportable quantities apply in national and regional water acts, where relevant
