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Product Name: L-Epinephrine
Chemical Name: Adrenaline
CAS Number: 51-43-4
Recommended Use: Pharmaceutical, research, emergency medicine for severe allergic reactions
Synonyms: Epinephrinum, Adrenalin, Bronkaid
Manufacturer: See specific supplier contact details
Emergency Contact: Refer to local Poisons Control Centre, healthcare provider, or manufacturer’s emergency line
Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation), eye irritation, respiratory effects
GHS Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Toxic if swallowed; can cause severe skin and eye irritation; may trigger breathing difficulties and cardiovascular effects
Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, exclamation mark
Route of Exposure: Ingestion, inhalation, skin and eye contact
Target Organs: Nervous system, cardiovascular system, lungs, eyes, skin
Symptoms: Tremor, anxiety, rapid heart rate, hypertension, pulmonary edema, headaches, severe allergic reaction, vision disturbances
Active Ingredient: L-Epinephrine
Chemical Formula: C9H13NO3
Concentration: ≥98% (depending on grade and supplier)
Impurities: May contain sodium metabisulfite (<1%), stabilizers as specified by supplier
Other Ingredients: In injectable solutions, excipients (e.g., sodium chloride, water for injection)
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air, keep calm, seek medical help immediately
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, contact poison center or doctor without delay
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash thoroughly with soap and water, seek care for persistent irritation
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if easy, continue rinsing and seek urgent medical advice
Attention: Symptoms may evolve rapidly; trained emergency responders recommended for accidental overdose or severe exposure
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, CO2, dry chemical, alcohol-resistant foam
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: High-pressure water jets
Hazards from Combustion: Toxic fumes of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides
Advice for Firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus, protective suit, avoid inhaling fumes
Special Procedures: Cool exposed containers, keep area isolated, evacuate personnel if necessary
Personal Precautions: Use personal protective equipment, avoid dust formation, ensure good ventilation
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spillage into drains, sewers, or waterways, notify authorities if contamination occurs
Methods for Containment: Sweep up and place in labeled container with secure lid
Clean-Up Procedures: Neutralize spill area with appropriate cleaning solutions, ventilate zone thoroughly, wash surfaces with plenty of water
Precautions for Safe Handling: Handle in closed system, minimize aerosol generation, avoid direct contact with skin and eyes
Hygiene Practices: Wash hands before breaks and at end of shift, do not eat, drink, or smoke during use
Storage Conditions: Keep in tightly sealed container, store under refrigeration (2–8°C), protect from light and moisture
Storage Area: Use corrosion-resistant materials, separate from incompatible substances like strong oxidizers
Longevity: Check manufacturer’s expiration dates; improper storage degrades potency and increases risk
Engineering Controls: Work in chemical fume hood or well-ventilated workspace, use local exhaust
Exposure Limits: Not officially established; minimize occupational exposure
Personal Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile), safety goggles, lab coat or apron
Respiratory Protection: Use mask or respirator approved for chemical particulates in case of dust formation
Environmental Protection: Avoid release to the environment, use spill trays, manage all waste according to safety protocols
General Guidelines: Remove contaminated clothing promptly, dispose according to hazardous waste regulations
Appearance: White or off-white crystalline powder (solid form); colorless solution (injectable)
Odor: Odorless
Melting Point: 211°C
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
pH: 2.5–4.0 (1% solution)
Solubility: Freely soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol
Vapor Pressure: Not significant at room temperature
Relative Density: Approximately 1.28
Partition Coefficient: logP ≈ -1.37
Other Data: Sensitive to air, light, and moisture—may darken on exposure
Chemical Stability: Stable when stored in recommended conditions
Conditions to Avoid: Excess heat, light exposure, air contact, excessive humidity
Materials to Avoid: Strong oxidizers, bases, acids, heavy metals
Decomposition Products: Toxic gases, including nitrogen oxides and carbon compounds, possible formation of quinones
Hazardous Reactions: Polymerization does not occur at room temperature
Acute Effects: Can trigger rapid pulse, increased blood pressure, difficulty breathing, palpitations, insomnia, nervousness
LD50: Mouse oral 3 mg/kg; human systemic effects occur at lower exposures depending on route
Chronic Exposure: Long-term exposure may impact cardiac function, induce arrhythmia, disrupt metabolic processes
Sensitization: Allergy risk for susceptible individuals
Mutagenicity: Not classified as mutagenic based on available research
Other Effects: High doses may cause muscle tremors, headache, anxiety, vision changes, severe allergic reaction
Aquatic Toxicity: No official data for epinephrine, but likely high degradation in water
Mobility in Soil: Highly water soluble, may leach if released in bulk
Persistence and Degradability: Rapidly oxidized, short environmental half-life
Bioaccumulation: Not likely due to fast metabolic breakdown
Ecotoxicity: Toxic in large quantities, potentially affects aquatic life if released in bulk—always minimize emissions
Other Adverse Effects: Breakdown products are less toxic, recommend containment and treatment of spills to avoid peaks in local concentrations
Product Disposal: Treat as hazardous pharmaceutical waste, follow local resource management guidelines
Contaminated Packaging: Dispose of using licensed hazardous waste contractor
Incineration: Use high-temperature controlled incineration for complete destruction
Methods: Do not flush into sewage or water systems, keep waste separate from household/refuse bins
Recordkeeping: Document source and destination of all discarded materials in the event of inspection or regulatory review
UN Number: UN1544
Proper Shipping Name: Epinephrine, solid or solution
Hazard Class: 6.1 (toxic substances)
Packing Group: II
Labeling: Toxic substance label, keep out of direct sunlight during transit
Precautions for Transport: Maintain refrigeration for solution, protective secondary packaging for solid form, comply with ADR/RID, IATA, IMDG standards
Special Precautions: Notify receiving facility of incoming shipment, transport documentation must accompany all transfers
Controlled Substance: Prescription-only in most jurisdictions, subject to tracking and documentation
Regulatory Listings: Included in US FDA, European Medicines Agency schedules, subject to workplace safety laws
OSHA Status: Regulated under the Hazard Communication Standard for chemicals
TSCA Status: Listed
REACH Compliance: Included in registration guidelines
Employer Responsibilities: Provide training, appropriate PPE, informed consent for workers who handle, regular review of storage and waste protocols
