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Chemical Name: Isopropanolamine Common Synonyms: Mono-isopropanolamine, MIPA CAS Number: 78-96-6 Appearance: Clear to slightly yellow viscous liquid Odor: Ammonia-like, slightly sweet Uses: Found in cleaning products, coatings, metalworking fluids, personal care items, and cement additives Boiling Point: Around 159°C, easily vaporizes above room temperature Solubility: Miscible with water and most polar solvents Molecular Formula: C3H9NO Molecular Weight: 75.11 g/mol
GHS Classification: Causes skin and eye irritation, harmful if swallowed Signal Word: Warning Hazard Statements: Can cause serious eye damage, leads to moderate skin inflammation, inhaling mist may cause respiratory irritation Pictograms: Exclamation mark, corrosion symbol Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing mist, wash hands thoroughly after handling, wear protective equipment Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion
Main Component: Isopropanolamine Concentration: Typically more than 98 percent in most formulations Impurities: Traces of di-isopropanolamine or water, which may arise during production or storage CAS Number: 78-96-6
Eye Contact: Flush with plenty of water for at least fifteen minutes, hold eyelids apart Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash affected area with soap and water Inhalation: Move to fresh air immediately, seek medical attention for respiratory symptoms Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water, do not induce vomiting, seek medical advice immediately Notes for Medical Professionals: Treat symptomatically, monitor respiratory tract irritation
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam Specific Hazards: Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air at higher concentrations, thermal decomposition produces toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides Protective Equipment: Firefighters need self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing Special Procedures: Cool exposed containers with water spray to prevent pressure buildup
Personal Precautions: Ventilate area, remove all sources of ignition, evacuate unnecessary personnel Containment: Absorb spills with inert material such as sand or earth, prevent entry into waterways and drains Cleanup Methods: Use non-sparking tools, collect material in tightly sealed containers for disposal, wash spill site with water after material pickup Environmental Precautions: Avoid unauthorized release to the environment, notify relevant authorities if large releases occur
Safe Handling: Use only in well-ventilated spaces, avoid contact with skin and eyes, do not breathe mist or vapor Storage Conditions: Keep in tightly closed containers, store in a cool, dry place away from acids, strong oxidizers, and heat sources Avoid Incompatible Materials: Reacts with acids to produce heat and fumes, keep separate from strong bases and oxidants Hygiene: Wash hands and contaminated clothing before reuse or eating
Occupational Exposure Limit: No specific OSHA PEL; ACGIH recommends minimizing exposure Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation, containment, and process enclosure when possible Personal Protective Equipment: Safety goggles for eye protection, chemical-resistant gloves, coveralls, appropriate respiratory protection if mist or vapor formation is possible General Protection: Emergency showers and eyewash stations should be accessible in work areas
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid Odor: Mildly ammonia-like pH: Strongly alkaline in aqueous solution Melting Point: -6°C Boiling Point: 159°C Flash Point: 85°C (closed cup) Vapor Pressure: Low at room temperature Specific Gravity: About 0.96 at 20°C Solubility: Miscible with water and alcohol
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures Reactivity: Can react violently with acids Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, ammonia may form under high temperatures, releasing pungent fumes Conditions to Avoid: Strong heat, open flames, incompatible materials Polymerization: Does not undergo hazardous polymerization
Likely Exposure Routes: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, accidental ingestion Short-Term Effects: Eye and skin irritation, respiratory discomfort such as coughing or sore throat, gastrointestinal symptoms if ingested Long-Term Effects: Prolonged exposure may lead to sensitization, dermal irritation, potential kidney or liver damage Studies: Animal tests have shown moderate toxicity, not considered carcinogenic Acute Toxicity Data: Oral LD50 in rats ranges between 1100-3000 mg/kg
Aquatic Toxicity: Expected to be mildly toxic to aquatic organisms based on animal studies Persistence and Degradability: Biodegradable, tends to break down under environmental conditions Bioaccumulation Potential: Low potential due to water solubility and breakdown in nature Mobility: Highly mobile in water, can migrate in soil Hazards: Spills may cause temporary fish kills or algae changes if dilute solutions reach surface waters
Waste Treatment Methods: Store in labeled and sealed containers, avoid open dumping Regulations: Follow local, state, and federal disposal guidelines to landfills or incineration Precautions: Do not pour into drains or water systems, engage a licensed hazardous waste contractor for larger volumes
UN Number: Generally not classified as a dangerous good for land, sea, or air, but check national regulations Shipping Name: Isopropanolamine Packing Group: Not assigned in most jurisdictions Environmental Hazards: Not a marine pollutant, but spilled product should never enter waterways without control
Inventory Status: Listed on many national chemical inventories such as TSCA (United States) and EINECS (European Union) Labeling Requirements: Cautionary labeling for eye and skin irritation, includes pictograms and hazard statements required under GHS rules Worker Protection: Mandated safety training, personal protection, and chemical hygiene practices at plant sites Community Safety: Subject to local environmental and workplace emissions reporting in developed countries
