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Hydroxyamine Aqueous Solution: Unpacking Its Role, Risks, and the Road Ahead

Learning from Hydroxyamine’s Long History

Digging into the past can tell a lot about why hydroxyamine aqueous solution still matters today. Going back to its earliest days, chemists in the 19th century stumbled on hydroxyamine during efforts to find new chemicals that could move the world forward in dyes and explosives. With industrialization, factories began using this compound for a host of chemical transformations. As someone interested in both safety and history, I keep thinking about how little was initially known about the dangers workers faced on the factory floor. Stories from early manufacturing make it clear – lessons about explosions and poisoning came hard, one accident at a time. Throughout the last century, regulations and lab practices changed as a direct response to these brutal experiences. We see a trail of improvements in container labeling, factory ventilation, and mandatory protective gear. It took hard-earned experience to bring those common sense protocols into regular use.

Inside Hydroxyamine Aqueous Solution

For those handling this solution, knowing what sits inside that bottle is crucial. Hydroxyamine in water makes for a colorless, slightly cloudy liquid with a sharp chemical smell. Its main appeal is its ability to donate hydrogen atoms, which is no small feat in the chemical world. This knack allows it to kickstart all sorts of reactions, most notably in making pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and sometimes polymerization processes. One of the constants about this solution is its tendency to decompose, especially at higher concentrations or under sunlight. Without tight process controls, dangerous gases like ammonia or nitrogen oxides begin to bubble off. Anyone who's opened a poorly stored container will understand the risk of a sticky mess and a risky situation.

Physical and Chemical Properties

This solution doesn’t shy away from challenges in storage and transportation. With an unpleasant, pungent smell and a habit of corroding regular metal, it demands respect. hydroxyamine in water usually sits at a pH between weakly acidic and neutral, but things change quickly with temperature or exposure to trace metals. It reacts rapidly with oxidizing agents and certain metal ions. The exothermic nature of its breakdown reminds every technician why keeping it cool and in the right tanks is non-negotiable. Even trace contamination with copper, for example, can spark unwanted side reactions. Decades of lab notes have shown how careful preparation and verification—think test strips, sealed drums, constant temperature checks—make the difference between routine work and a stop-work order.

Technical Specs and Labeling

Accurate labeling sets apart labs and facilities that treat safety as more than just regulatory paperwork. Industry standards call for clear identification, including concentration, batch numbers, warnings about reactivity and storage needs, and proper hazard pictograms. I’ve witnessed that little things like faded labels bring big headaches during audits or, worse, emergencies. Strong protocols demand redundancy: secondary labels, updated Material Safety Data Sheets on hand, and thorough logs. These habits look like overkill until that one day you’re racing the clock during a spill or unexpected reaction.

Preparation Method and Chemical Reactivity

Producing hydroxyamine solution is no playground experiment. The process often starts with reduction of nitrite or nitrate salts using hydrogen donor compounds under strict pH and temperature controls. In my own research, even tiny mistakes with pH drifted the reaction toward byproducts, sometimes kicking off runaway heat. In practice, experienced chemists keep the process slow and double-check every reading. This solution, once produced, gets used as a reducing agent for nitro groups and as a raw material in manufacturing oximes, which sit upstream in the production of many pharmaceuticals and plastics. Recent advances include efforts to push yields up while dialing back toxic waste. These tweaks matter as companies seek not just higher profits, but also cleaner credentials in a fast-regulating world.

Synonyms and Other Product Names

If you cruise through the literature, you’ll bump into a dozen aliases for hydroxyamine. Some call it hydroxylammonium solution, others simply refer to hydroxylamine water or NH2OH solution. The United Nations uses standardized labeling, and chemical supply houses often stick to concise names for clarity. Miss out on these alternate names and you’ll quickly get lost juggling safety sheets and shipment manifests.

Working Safely: Operational Realities

Plenty of workers find themselves handling hydroxyamine, from big-city water labs to remote agrochemical plants. Personal observations line up with occupational health data: the margin for error is thin. Hydroxyamine can catch fire or explode under rough handling, especially in the wrong containers or if left to evaporate dry. Nobody should go near it without chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, and a fume hood humming at full blast. Spills or skin contact draw instant red flags; a direct splash ruins more than just your day and can send a person straight to the ER. That’s where regular safety drills, real-time monitoring, and emergency kits make the invisible risks apparent even to newcomers.

Main Areas of Application

Hydroxyamine’s biggest draw comes from its versatility. In pharmaceuticals, it helps shape up antibiotics and antivirals, acting as a building block for more complex molecules. Agriculture leans on it for creating herbicides and insecticides that put food on the table for millions. Certain water treatment facilities use it to scrub nasty contaminants from industrial run-off. The electronics world sometimes needs ultra-pure hydroxyamine for etching delicate circuit components. Each of these jobs demands different concentration, storage, and purity levels. My time talking with process engineers convinced me that collaboration across departments—chemistry, engineering, safety, logistics—drives the best outcomes and keeps mistakes rare.

Directions for New Research

Researchers haven’t stopped tinkering with hydroxyamine. Current studies target green chemistry routes: less waste, milder temperatures, renewable feedstocks. Small pilot plants have started to test if breakthrough catalysts or electrochemical methods can cut both emissions and price. Universities collaborate with industry to build models predicting stability so that plant downtime drops and worker safety rises. Machine learning tools step in to scan patterns from decades of data, flagging conditions most likely to set off trouble. Efforts to recycle waste hydroxyamine products show promise, though scaling those up past the lab bench takes patience and deep pockets. From my perspective, these are not just minor tweaks—they have the potential to shape best practices for the decades to come.

Toxicity and Health Hazards

Toxicology tells a cautionary story about hydroxyamine. Animal studies consistently show how exposure, even at low levels, damages organs like the liver and kidneys, with risks compounding when inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Case studies from real-life incidents in industrial settings underline the importance of engineering controls and strong emergency response networks. Neurotoxicity, blood disorders, and respiratory irritation haunt the safety literature. As someone who values workplace well-being, I see ongoing epidemiological tracking and regular health checks for exposed workers as non-negotiable. Wastewater monitoring and air sampling catch the releases that would otherwise fly under the radar.

Looking Forward: What Lies Ahead

Change pushes both industry and regulators to tighten rules and update best practices for hydroxyamine solution. As tightening emission standards take hold around the globe, companies turn toward cleaner, safer synthesis methods. Training programs double down on process safety and detection technologies that catch instability early. Digital tracking of shipments and storage reduces human error, and every year brings more robust equipment to the market. All these advances transform hydroxyamine from a traditional staple of chemistry into an example of how high-risk chemicals can be managed smarter by blending hard-won experience with emerging tech. For those building the future of chemical processing, keeping an eye on safer handling, greener processes, and relentless vigilance will remain the best way forward.




What is Hydroxyamine Aqueous Solution used for?

Industrial Ingredient with Big Impact

Hydroxyamine aqueous solution often gets tucked away in the world of specialty chemicals without much fanfare. Still, its uses ripple out into many everyday products, sometimes reaching right into healthcare and electronics. In my years of following chemical manufacturing trends, I’ve watched how this solution powers advances that most consumers don’t realize.

In semiconductor fabrication, hydroxyamine helps etch and clean surfaces down to microscopic scales. Computer chips would not reach their super-small sizes or consistent quality levels without these deep-cleaning steps. Trying to push for smaller nanometers in chip production, companies lean more on precision chemicals. Demand has risen because electronic devices keep shrinking, and cleaning must meet tight purity standards. Hydroxyamine’s reactivity helps strip away photoresist and metal layers that other solvents leave behind, letting engineers build faster processors.

Key in Pharmaceuticals and Everyday Chemistry

Pharmaceutical companies use hydroxyamine aqueous solution to make certain drugs and synthesize intermediates that form the backbone of antibiotics and other medicines. The chemical acts as a building block, helping to introduce nitrogen into molecules. It adds flexibility when trying to tweak drug structures for better results. Old lab routines mark hydroxyamine as crucial when preparing oximes and hydroxamic acids, two classes tied directly to medicines.

Beyond high-tech labs, this solution finds its way into color photography as a stabilizer. Dye makers and photographers both know about its role in improving shelf-life for pictures. It also takes care of oxygen-sensitive formulations, helping photographic developers react cleanly without losing quality. Some water treatment plants rely on hydroxyamine to reduce contaminants, removing excess chlorine from water before discharge. That keeps aquatic environments safer and helps towns avoid regulatory trouble.

Hazards Call for Responsibility, Not Fear

With its usefulness comes real risk. The chemical can provoke nasty reactions with skin or eyes on contact and isn’t something to handle carelessly. Workers in plants making or using hydroxyamine wear splash gear and use fume hoods to prevent exposure. A quick spill can spark emergency procedures—years ago, I heard the story of a team facing a workplace evacuation after a leak in the mixing line. Had training not been strict, the outcome could have been much worse.

Hydroxyamine sometimes gets misused, which puts communities at risk. Some countries tag it as an explosive precursor, subject to extra checks. Accidents in storage or transit prove how regulations matter. Factories with top-notch safety standards keep strict controls with isolated storage, reliable venting systems, and regular worker drills. That protects both employees and the neighborhoods around them.

Moving Toward Safer Use

The future for hydroxyamine hinges on blending innovation with responsibility. Producers keep exploring alternatives that give the benefits with fewer hazards. Substitution sometimes works, but switching chemicals overnight rarely solves problems. Training goes a long way—workers with up-to-date safety knowledge lower accident rates and keep workplaces open.

Every time I hear news about an industrial accident involving hazardous chemicals, I think of all the smaller choices that stack up: proper labeling, emergency drills, transparent reporting. Improvements start with the willingness to recognize risks and invest in safety, not just compliance. Hydroxyamine reminds us that the most unassuming materials can push entire industries forward—if handled with respect for both their power and their danger.

What is the concentration of Hydroxyamine in the solution?

Diving Into Hydroxyamine Solutions

Most people never stumble upon the need to measure hydroxyamine in daily life, but for chemists, lab techs, and folks working in water treatment, it’s a regular concern. A major point to keep in mind—hydroxyamine isn’t the most forgiving compound. An off dose can skew an entire experiment or lead to safety issues. This calculation isn’t just about balancing an equation; it feeds real-life outcomes.

Concentration, simply put, tells us how much hydroxyamine sits in a given amount of solution. Take tap water: nobody worries about the minerals in it unless the balance tips. But when it’s hydroxyamine, stakes are higher. Workers in chemical plants rely on precise levels for processing polymers, pharmaceuticals, cleaning solutions, and sometimes even explosives. An error—too much or too little—can cost time, money, and sometimes more than that.

My Own Experience in the Lab

Back in college, I joined a lab where my job was to prep a hydroxyamine solution for a series of reactions. I learned the hard way that just a fraction's miscalculation throws off the next step. We saw color changes in our results—despite following the protocol. Retracing the steps, it turned out the solution’s calculated concentration didn’t match its real value. Maybe the balance had drifted out of calibration, or maybe the glassware wasn’t perfectly cleaned. We had to run titrations, check every gram twice, and repeat the experiment. Some in the lab grumbled about wasted time, but everyone understood that safety trumped speed.

That experience stuck with me. I realized concentration calculations reach beyond procedures—they affect judgment, safety, and money. In bigger workplaces, there’s almost always a trained person double-checking every calculation because nobody wants a batch ruined. Scientists standardize every step, and suddenly, the math feels urgent rather than just academic.

Facts Behind the Numbers

Hydroxyamine doesn’t show up alone. It might mingle with other chemicals, water, buffers, or stabilizers. Lab folks often start with a stock solution of known strength. They pull samples, dilute them, and use titrations or special sensors to measure exactly how much hydroxyamine is present. These results keep records straight for both regulators and supervisors. Quality control teams depend on these tests, especially in sectors like medicine and manufacturing, where consistency means everything.

The American Chemical Society recommends regular calibration of instruments. Running blanks and standards in labs picks up mistakes before they skew an entire batch. If you don’t take it seriously, you find problems down the road. Regulatory agencies watch for reported concentrations: if companies fudge numbers, they face stiff penalties, and customers lose trust.

Common Mistakes—And Getting It Right

Even seasoned chemists make classic mistakes. They might mix up molarity and mass percent, skip a pipette calibration, or ignore temperature effects. Skipping steps under pressure means the whole team pays. Double-checking math with a peer or running a quick trial titration saves hassle every time.

Some companies use automated machines to measure solution strengths, cutting down human error, but even these need testing and tweaking. Students in training spend whole courses practicing concentration calculations to make the act second nature. Tools like software calculators and color-changing titrations help prevent mistakes, but the operator’s skill still matters.

Better Practices for Safe Results

These days, guidance materials push accuracy and warning labels for hydroxyamine. Teams update recipe books so new employees don’t repeat old errors. Using a certified reference material—checked by outside labs—gives an extra safety net. No matter how big or small the batch, keeping an eye on hydroxyamine concentration protects both products and people. That lesson still rings true long after graduation.

How should Hydroxyamine Aqueous Solution be stored?

Understanding the Risks in Real-World Settings

Hydroxyamine aqueous solution doesn’t belong on an ordinary storage shelf. Folks who work in labs know it well: this chemical comes with serious hazards. The solution brings risks of fire, explosions, and can act corrosively on skin and eyes. My years handling chemicals taught me that ignoring basic safety measures, even for a day, ramps up the chance of dangerous accidents. Stories of lab fires and emergency shutdowns often start with a single shortcut or carelessness in storage.

Why Keeping It Cool and Contained Matters

Keeping hydroxyamine at room temperature isn’t smart. Heat increases its instability, especially if the environment gets warm or the storage area isn’t isolated from machinery or sunlight. Many chemical reactions can go faster under heat, and in this case, that’s trouble. I’ve seen overheating turn bottles of clear liquid into hazardous messes. So, chemical refrigerators, away from regular food storage, provide a safer spot.

I always check the labeling and material used for each container. Hydroxyamine attacks metals such as copper, brass, and lead, so stainless steel and high-density polyethylene spell less trouble. Lids and caps must seal tightly—one loose top and fumes build up, which is a blade pointing at everybody nearby. No sense gambling with your safety or the safety of coworkers.

Ventilation: Protecting Health and Facilities

Proper ventilation keeps vapors from collecting, especially in smaller labs. The fumes irritate lungs and eyes quickly, and in higher quantities, spark headaches and confusion. I often recommend storing hydroxyamine in ventilated cabinets—never right next to acids, oxidizers, or combustibles—since cross-contamination can lead to violent reactions. Blocking off a storage zone just for sensitive chemicals cuts down on small mistakes that end up as big emergencies.

Emergency Ready: Planning for Spills or Leaks

Even the best storage doesn’t make a lab accident-proof. That’s why I keep spill kits, neutralizing agents (like sodium carbonate), and protective gear handy, not locked away. Early in my career, I saw what panic looks like during a spill—the person in charge ran around looking for gloves and absorbents, wasting precious minutes. Having everything in arm’s reach gives confidence and saves more than time; it can save lives.

Labeling, Documentation, and Ongoing Checks

Labeling every bottle with clear, indelible markers, including concentration levels and fill dates, removes confusion during busy shifts. Inspect every container for leaks and corrosion often. Replace anything worn or questionable before it causes a problem. I’ve witnessed teams who treat these checks as a chore, only for them to end up wishing they’d paid more attention after a near-miss.

Regulators don’t let anything slide and for good reason. Following storage regulations builds trust with colleagues and management. Nobody wants to face the consequences after an environmental incident, or worse, someone gets hurt.

Better Practices Build Better Safety Cultures

Training new staff never stops. I walk them through storage practices each time someone joins. Hands-on demonstrations beat lectures every time. Safe habits learned at the start stick, and a team that cares about details watches out for each other. Knowing the solutions for hydroxyamine storage means fewer surprises and fewer emergencies. Year by year, that’s always worth the effort.

What safety precautions should be taken when handling Hydroxyamine Aqueous Solution?

Respect the Risks

Hydroxyamine aqueous solution raised my eyebrows the first time I saw it stashed behind layers of warning labels in the lab. This clear liquid doesn't look threatening in a beaker, but the risks stack up quickly if someone ignores standard safety habits. Inhalation, skin absorption, and splashing into the eyes can trigger burns or much worse. The strong reducing power has sent a few shipments straight into the “dangerous goods” section, and bringing any flammable materials into the picture almost guarantees trouble. Stories from chemical plants show just how easy it is for an accidental release or contact to send people to the emergency room.

Why Equipment Choices Matter

My lab days taught me that good gloves, goggles, and a well-fitted coat aren't optional. Nitrile gloves handle spills better than latex, so I won't grab anything else for this job. Chemical splash goggles act like insurance—one ugly splash saves a lot of pain if you've got them on. Face shields provide even more coverage for anyone handling larger volumes or cleaning up an accident. Air-tight lab coats, long pants, and close-toed shoes keep accidents from turning into injuries. Even experienced folks sometimes forget a layer; I've seen more than a few learn this lesson the hard way.

Handling and Storage, Not Afterthoughts

Leaving hydroxyamine open in the lab quickly eats away at both equipment and peace of mind. Fume hoods pull nasty vapors away before they settle in your lungs. Fancier ventilation helps, but even a basic sash window makes a big difference. Most labs keep this solution in corrosion-resistant plastic bottles, plenty of labeling, and secure cabinets far from acids, metals, and combustible material. Never storing anything near the edge of a counter stops bump-induced spills. In my experience, a well-organized space with clear signage and emergency showers close by makes a huge difference if trouble strikes.

Response Plan and Training

Clear emergency plans turn panic into action. I’ve seen fire drills expose all kinds of confusion—people forgetting which eyewash station to use or how to handle a chemical burn. Everyone in reach of hydroxyamine needs hands-on training, not just glossy binders nobody reads. Quick access to spill kits, neutralizers, and first aid supplies keeps small mistakes from escalating. Emergency numbers posted on every wall let anyone—including visitors—reach out in a hurry. Conversations around the coffee machine matter, too. Sharing real-world stories about near-misses or lessons learned stick much more than policy memos ever will.

Waste and Environmental Impact

Pouring leftovers down the drain spells disaster for local water systems and sewage workers. Handling waste takes patience—neutralizing under fume hoods, sealing used bottles tight, filling out logs, and calling hazardous waste pickups. Proper disposal habits protect everyone, from the janitor pushing his cart through the hallway to the engineers living downstream. Regulators have tightened up their watch, so track-and-trace paperwork follows every shipment from cradle to grave. Environmental responsibility reaches past the lab door; everyone using hydroxyamine owes that to the people and places nearby.

Better Habits, Better Outcomes

Taking shortcuts hurts everyone. Most injuries happen when someone tries to speed things up—or thinks a quick rinse will substitute for proper gear. Taking pride in safe habits means never skipping steps or assuming just one spill “won’t matter.” Regular refreshers, open conversations about mistakes, and steady investment in updated PPE turn small routines into lasting safety practices. Looking out for each other—students, technicians, anyone nearby—reminds us that these rules exist for real lives, not just checklists.

Is Hydroxyamine Aqueous Solution compatible with other chemicals?

Getting to Know Hydroxyamine Solution

Hydroxyamine aqueous solution isn’t exactly a household name, but you’ll find it on the shelves of many labs. It’s often used for everything from organic synthesis to water treatment. If you ask any chemist about handling it, they’ll probably mention its strong reducing ability and tendency to react with various materials. Hydroxyamine wants to interact – sometimes with a bang.

Compatibility: Not Everything Is a Good Partner

I remember standing in the college lab, reading warnings and double-checking charts before pouring solutions together. With hydroxyamine in water, you have to scan compatibility lists, because it’s reactive enough to make things dangerous in a hurry. For anyone working with it, a big rule: keep it away from oxidizing agents, acids, and metals like copper or silver. These combinations run the risk of causing decompositions or even explosions. Mixing it with hypochlorites can create toxic chloramines, and acids release nitrogen oxides, which you definitely don’t want in your air supply.

It still surprises me how easy it is to overlook incompatibilities, especially if you’re focused on efficiency or under pressure. Over the years, I’ve seen stories of labs clearing out after someone mixed hydroxyamine with bleach – nobody wants to end up in that spot. Even glassware can fall victim: hydroxyamine can etch some types, changing their surface and shortening equipment life. Not a visible reaction, but a slow, costly one.

Why These Hazards Matter

Oversights don’t just put equipment at risk; they put people in danger. Back in 2004, a plant in the U.S. had an explosion linked to hydroxyamine mishandling that killed four people. The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) still uses the case as an example of what can go wrong if you skip compatibility checks.

So much of chemistry relies on trust – trust in your training, in your teammates, and in the labels on every drum and bottle. Hydroxyamine doesn’t smell a warning or change color to tell you things are off. Safe handling relies on up-to-date chemical compatibility charts and shared stories about what happens when rules get ignored. Industry requires thorough risk assessments and hazard communication, not just formal paperwork but real conversations around the bench or in the break room. Lives depend on it.

How to Reduce Risks

Read every label and Material Safety Data Sheet, and dig into reputable sources like the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) or the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). I’ve found that frequent practice drills in the lab, along with clear separation of reagents, cuts down on mistakes. Storing hydroxyamine aqueous solution in sealed, labelled containers, isolated from incompatible substances, and checking inventory regularly keeps surprises at bay. For process industries, investing in automated systems for transfer and mixing can keep hands out of the danger zone.

Training new staff to respect chemical boundaries isn’t just about compliance. It comes down to daily habits – pausing to check a list before setting up a reaction, asking another set of eyes to review your plan. I still keep a printed compatibility chart near my own workstation. Chemists and plant workers have learned the hard way: hydroxyamine solution plays by its own rules, and it doesn’t offer second chances. Awareness, the right equipment, and solid habits form the safest buffer between the lab and a dangerous reaction.

Hydroxyamine Aqueous Solution
Names
Preferred IUPAC name Hydroxylamine aqueous solution
Other names Hydroxylamine solution
Hydroxylammonium hydroxide
Aqueous hydroxylamine
Pronunciation /haɪˌdrɒksiəˈmiːn ˈeɪkwiəs səˈluːʃən/
Identifiers
CAS Number 7803-49-8
Beilstein Reference 3587162
ChEBI CHEBI:15347
ChEMBL CHEMBL1233588
ChemSpider 2156
DrugBank DB11145
ECHA InfoCard 100.030.320
EC Number EC 200-449-4
Gmelin Reference 82200
KEGG C00533
MeSH D06XA01
PubChem CID 24147
RTECS number MX8050000
UNII 6ED6D4681U
UN number UN2672
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) CompTox Dashboard (EPA) of product "Hydroxyamine Aqueous Solution": **DTXSID3039247**
Properties
Chemical formula NH2OH
Molar mass 33.03 g/mol
Appearance Colorless transparent liquid
Odor ammonia-like
Density 1.02 g/cm³
Solubility in water Miscible
log P -1.4
Vapor pressure 17 mmHg (20°C)
Acidity (pKa) 4.7
Basicity (pKb) 8.1
Magnetic susceptibility (χ) -5.2×10⁻⁶ cm³/mol
Refractive index (nD) 1.332
Viscosity 3 mPa·s
Dipole moment 1.75 D
Thermochemistry
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) 121.0 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) -41.3 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) -275 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
ATC code V03AB33
Hazards
GHS labelling GHS02, GHS05, GHS06
Pictograms GHS05,GHS06,GHS08
Signal word DANGER
Hazard statements Harmful if swallowed. Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. May cause an allergic skin reaction. May cause genetic defects. May cause cancer. May cause damage to organs.
Precautionary statements P210, P220, P221, P234, P260, P264, P273, P280, P283, P301+P310, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P306+P360, P310, P312, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P371+P380+P375, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) 2-3-2-W
Flash point 42°C (closed cup)
Autoignition temperature > 220°C (428°F)
Explosive limits 4.7–75%
Lethal dose or concentration LD50 oral rat 141 mg/kg
LD50 (median dose) LD50 (median dose): 406 mg/kg (oral, rat)
NIOSH NIOSH: MX8575000
PEL (Permissible) PEL = "1 mg/m3
REL (Recommended) REL: 1 mg/m³
IDLH (Immediate danger) 300 ppm
Related compounds
Related compounds Hydroxylamine
Hydroxylamine hydrochloride
Hydroxylammonium nitrate
Hydroxylammonium sulfate