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Name: Cyclohexanone
Chemical Formula: C6H10O
Common Use: Key player in nylon production, serves as solvent for resins, varnishes, and paints.
Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid with an odor resembling acetone.
Health Hazards: Causes eye and skin irritation, brings headaches and nausea with inhalation, high concentrations can knock a person out, repeated exposure can damage organs, especially kidneys and liver.
Fire Hazards: Flammable; vapors form explosive mixtures with air under certain conditions.
Environmental Risks: Not highly persistent yet can affect aquatic life if large amounts wash into waterways.
Risk Phrases: R10 (flammable), R20/22 (harmful by inhalation and if swallowed), R36/38 (irritating to eyes and skin).
Cyclohexanone: Greater than 99% by weight.
Impurities: Water, traces of related cyclohexanone derivatives present in low amounts.
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with water for several minutes, keep eyelids open, seek medical help if irritation persists.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash skin thoroughly with soap and water.
Inhalation: Remove person to fresh air, if breathing feels difficult, look for immediate medical assistance.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, avoid vomiting to prevent aspiration, get medical guidance as soon as possible.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, alcohol-resistant foam—water sprayed in a fog can help.
Hazardous Combustion Products: Releases toxic gases including carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Self-contained breathing apparatus, full protective suit needed.
Other Advice: Fire near storage tanks often calls for cooling with water spray.
Personal Precautions: Ventilate area, stop the leak if safely possible, keep sources of ignition away.
Cleanup Method: Absorb with inert materials like sand or earth, shovel up and place in containers for disposal.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent runoff into drains, water sources, soil.
Handling: Use only in well-ventilated spaces, keep away from flames, sparks, and hot surfaces.
Storage: Store in tightly closed corrosive-resistant containers, keep in a cool, dry location.
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers, acids, alkalies—reacts strongly, causing hazard.
Exposure Limit: OSHA sets permissible level at 25 ppm TWA.
Ventilation: Proper local exhaust reduces vapor build-up.
Personal Protection: Choose chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, face shield, flame-retardant clothing.
Respiratory Protection: Use air-purifying respirators when exposure cannot be controlled with ventilation.
Appearance: Clear, oily liquid
Odor: Sweet, pungent, somewhat acetone-like
Boiling Point: 156-157°C
Melting Point: -47°C
Flash Point: 44-46°C (closed cup)
Density: 0.95 g/cm³
Vapor Pressure: Roughly 5 mmHg at 20°C
Solubility in Water: Moderate—mixes better with organic solvents.
Chemical Stability: Stays stable at room temperature under proper storage.
Reactivity: Reacts strongly with acids, strong oxidizers, can form explosive peroxides over time.
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, open flame, direct sunlight, sources of static.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Burning can produce carbon oxides, possibly toxic.
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 around 1,620 mg/kg (rat), inhalation LC50 about 8,000 ppm (rat, 4 hours).
Skin/Eye Effects: Causes irritation, redness, and pain on contact.
Chronic Effects: Sustained vapor exposure can hurt liver and kidneys, animal studies point to lung effects as well.
Carcinogenicity: No strong evidence links cyclohexanone to cancer in humans—but long-term impact data stays limited.
Persistence and Degradability: Biodegradable, breaks down fairly quickly under most conditions.
Bioaccumulation: Tends not to build up in animal tissue.
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to fish and water life at higher concentrations.
Other Concerns: Spills in waterways may deplete oxygen, harming aquatic ecosystems.
Waste Treatment: Incineration in chemical incinerators with afterburner and scrubber.
Environmental Hazards: Large amounts can poison water life, so wastes need handling by licensed disposal facilities.
Container Handling: Decontaminate empty drums before recycling or disposal to reduce harm down the waste chain.
Transport Classification: Regarded as a flammable liquid.
UN Number: 1915 Cyclohexanone
Packing Group: III (low danger)
Labels: Flammable Liquid, Proper Shipping Name clearly marked, specific packaging needed to prevent leaks.
Workplace Restrictions: Falls under OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard in the US, safety data sheet and clear labeling required.
Environmental Regulations: Must meet EPA hazardous substance controls—especially concerning waste management.
International: Covered under REACH in Europe, requires registration, special handling, and reporting for imports or production.
State and Local: Many areas set stricter air quality controls and worker exposure limits.
