© 2026 Sinochem Nanjing Corporation,
All Right Reserved
Product Name: Cloxacillin
Chemical Family: Beta-Lactam Antibiotic
Synonyms: 6-(2-Chlorophenyl)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-4H-1,4-thiazepine-5-carboxylic acid, Cloxacillin sodium salt
International Chemical Identifier (CAS): 61-72-3
Intended Use: Pharmaceutical, antibiotic for bacterial infection treatment
Manufacturer: [Manufacturer Name], [City, Country], [Emergency Contact Number]
GHS Classification: Skin sensitizer (Category 1), Eye irritant (Category 2), Respiratory sensitizer (Category 1)
Label Elements: Signal Word: Warning, Pictogram: Exclamation mark
Hazard Statements: Cloxacillin causes skin and respiratory sensitization, possible allergic or asthmatic reactions in sensitive individuals, moderate eye irritation on contact, harmful if swallowed or inhaled
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust. Use in a well-ventilated area. Wear protective gloves, eye protection, avoid release to environment.
Most Important Hazards: May trigger allergic reactions even at low exposure; skin contact frequently leads to sensitization after repeated handling
Cloxacillin Sodium: 95-100%
Other Ingredients: <1% residual solvents (e.g., ethanol, acetone) used in manufacturing, <1% sodium compounds as stabilizers
Impurities: Typical levels lower than the identification threshold, targeted for pharmaceutical preparation compliance
Chemical Formula: C19H18ClN3NaO5S
Molecular Weight: 476.87 g/mol
Inhalation: Remove person from area to fresh air, seek medical advice if symptoms or breathing problems develop, monitor for possible asthma flare-up
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash exposed skin immediately with soap and water, medical attention for rash or persistent irritation
Eye Contact: Flush eyes immediately with clean water for fifteen minutes, remove contact lenses if present, continue rinsing, consult an eye specialist
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, drink water if conscious, avoid induced vomiting, obtain medical aid for any signs of gastrointestinal discomfort or allergic reaction
Acute and Delayed Symptoms: Allergic skin reactions, sneezing, eye burning, possible asthma-like symptoms, gastrointestinal distress in ingestion cases
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical powder, foam, or carbon dioxide extinguisher
Specific Hazards: Heating leads to toxic and irritating fumes, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, hydrochloric acid vapor release
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Standard turnout gear, self-contained breathing apparatus, chemical resistant gloves and overalls
Firefighting Instructions: Keep containers cool with water spray, prevent runoff from reaching waterways, avoid breathing combustion gases
Explosion Risk: Fine dust in air may create explosion conditions, avoid accumulation of powder in processing areas
Personal Precautions: Evacuate nonessential personnel, wear dust mask, gloves, protective eyewear, avoid skin and eye contact
Environmental Precautions: Prevent release into soil, water bodies, or sewer systems, contain spill using non-combustible absorbent, such as sand or earth
Cleanup Methods: Sweep or vacuum small spills carefully using HEPA filtration, avoid raising dust, place in sealed containers for disposal, ventilate area, wash surfaces with detergent and copious water
Monitoring: Check for airborne concentrations during cleanup, ensure no re-exposure for workers showing hypersensitivity history
Handling: Avoid dust generation, use local exhaust ventilation, do not eat, drink, or smoke when working, wash hands thoroughly after handling, use only with proper PPE
Storage: Store in original container tightly closed, out of direct sunlight, in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place, separate from incompatible substances (acidic, oxidizing agents), segregate from food and drink, limit access only to trained personnel
Other Precautions: Rotate stock to avoid long-term storage, label containers clearly with hazard notices
Occupational Exposure Limits: No specific OSHA or ACGIH limit, handle as a potent antibiotic sensitizer, keep airborne concentrations as low as possible
Engineering Controls: Use with laboratory fume hood or local ventilation, keep work surfaces clean, implement closed-system handling where practical
Personal Protective Equipment: Protective gloves (nitrile recommended), laboratory lab coat or coverall, safety goggles, fitted NIOSH-approved respirator in cases of dust generation or poor ventilation
Hygiene Measures: Change contaminated clothing right away, wash hands and face thoroughly before breaks and at end of shift
Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder
Odor: Faint medicinal aroma
Melting Point: Decomposes above 180°C, no sharp melting point
Solubility: Soluble in water, more soluble in alkaline solutions, low solubility in organic solvents
pH (1% solution): Range 6.5 to 8.0
Vapor Pressure: Not volatile at ambient conditions
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes before boiling)
Partition Coefficient: Log Kow ~1.5 (low potential for bioaccumulation)
Other Data: Stable under recommended storage, sensitive to strong light, moisture, and heat
Chemical Stability: Stable under standard warehouse conditions, sensitive to light, heat, moisture
Conditions to Avoid: High temperature, exposure to strong light, humid air, acidic or basic substances
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers (e.g., peroxides), strong acids, bases, heavy metal salts; avoid contact with these substances to reduce decomposition risk
Decomposition Products: Toxic gases including hydrogen chloride, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides released on thermal breakdown
Polymerization Risk: Not expected
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, mouse) around 5000 mg/kg, moderate irritation after skin or eye exposure, causes allergic reactions in at-risk individuals
Chronic Effects: Long-term exposure can sensitize, frequent contact may cause eczema or dermatitis, repeated inhalation linked to respiratory sensitization
Symptoms of Exposure: Itching, dryness, rash, sneezing, runny nose, asthmatic symptoms, conjunctivitis, gastrointestinal upset if ingested
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as a carcinogen by IARC, not listed by NTP or OSHA
Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity: No definitive evidence, standard precaution recommended in pregnant or breastfeeding workers
Mutagenicity: In vitro data show low mutagenic risk
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic life, can disrupt microorganism balance even at low concentrations, LC50 (fish, 96h) in mg/L range
Persistence and Degradability: Moderate to slow degradation in soil and aquatic systems, breakdown affected by pH and temperature, significant concern for environmental accumulation near discharge sources
Bioaccumulation: Low, does not build up in food chains
Soil Mobility: Moderate mobility in leaching tests, avoid discharge to open ground to reduce risk to local aquatic and soil microorganisms
Other Hazards: Antibiotic resistance risk through environmental contamination if used or disposed of improperly
Waste Disposal Methods: Dispose of as pharmaceutical waste in accordance with local and national regulations, incinerate in approved facility if volumes justify, contaminated packaging handled as hazardous waste, avoid flushing into sewer or ground
Precautions: Wear full PPE while handling waste, prevent environmental release, keep out of reach from unauthorized handlers
RCRA Status: Not specifically listed, manage as a hazardous material to prevent unintentional contamination
UN Number: Not classified under standard transportation codes for hazardous chemicals
DG/Hazard Class: Not classified as dangerous for transport (ADR/RID, IMDG, IATA)
Packing Group: Not allocated
Transport Precautions: Prevent package damage, shield from moisture and temperature extremes, ensure labeling clear regarding antibiotic content and sensitizer risks
Maritime or Air Shipment: Follow general requirements for pharmaceuticals and substances of biological origin, observe destination country limitations
International Compliance: Cloxacillin holds pharmaceutical registration in many regions; chemical registries do not list it as hazardous but workplace safety mandates precautions
OSHA: Not listed in OSHA hazardous chemicals but regulated as pharmaceutical allergen
SARA Title III: No section 302 or 313 listings, does not trigger threshold reporting
WHMIS (Canada): D2B (toxic by skin sensitization), subject to Workspace Hazard Controls
EU Classification: Not classified as hazardous under CLP Regulation, workplace labeling and risk management required due to sensitization potential
Other State/Local Regulation: Follow local environmental and occupational safety rules, ensure workers receive hazard communication as per GHS and national laws
