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Chemical Name: 1,2-Dichloroethane
Synonyms: Ethylene dichloride, 1,2-Bichloroethane
Chemical Formula: C2H4Cl2
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Sweet, chloroform-like
Typical Use: Solvent, intermediate in production of vinyl chloride, cleaning and pesticides
CAS Number: 107-06-2
Physical Hazards: Highly flammable, forms explosive mixtures with air
Health Hazards: Toxic by inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact; irritant to eyes and respiratory tract; potential carcinogen
Environmental Hazards: Harmful to aquatic life, persistent in water and soil; belongs to volatile organic compounds category
Signal Words: Danger (acute toxicity, carcinogenicity, flammability)
Main Ingredient: 1,2-Dichloroethane: >99%
Impurities: Trace chlorinated hydrocarbons
Additives: None typically present in commercial use
Inhalation: Get fresh air immediately; seek medical help for any breathing difficulty or confusion
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse exposed skin with mild soap and water
Eye Contact: Thoroughly flush with water for at least 15 minutes, avoid rubbing, seek prompt medical help
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; drink water if conscious; get medical attention as soon as possible
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical, alcohol-resistant foam
Fire Hazards: Emits toxic fumes (hydrogen chloride, phosgene) when burning, vapor can form explosive mixtures with air
Advice for Firefighters: Full protective gear, positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus
Special Notes: Containers exposed to heat may explode, keep cooled by water spray
Personal Precautions: Ventilate area well, evacuate unnecessary personnel, avoid vapor exposure
Environmental Precautions: Avoid discharge to drains or natural environments, contain spills promptly
Methods for Clean-up: Use non-sparking tools; absorb with inert materials such as sand or earth, transfer to suitable container for disposal
Handling: Use only in well-ventilated places, prevent creation of aerosols or vapor, wear appropriate personal protection
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed containers, away from heat/sources of ignition, segregate from oxidizing agents and acids, keep cool
Compatibility: Avoid contact with strong bases, oxidizers, and some metals
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 50 ppm (TWA), NIOSH REL: 1 ppm (TWA), ACGIH TLV: 10 ppm
Engineering Controls: Provide local exhaust ventilation, maintain air concentrations below legal limits
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Gloves (chemical-resistant), safety glasses or face shield, flame-resistant clothing, proper respiratory protection for high concentrations
State: Liquid at room temperature
Boiling Point: Approximately 83.5°C
Melting Point: Around -35°C
Vapor Pressure: Moderate, enhances inhalation risk
Density: About 1.25 g/cm³
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, highly soluble in organic solvents
Vapor Density: 3.4 (air=1), tends to collect in low-lying areas
Odor Threshold: Low, detection possible well before reaching harmful levels
Chemical Stability: Generally stable under standard storage conditions
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, open flame, strong sunlight
Incompatible Materials: Alkali metals, strong bases, oxidizers
Hazardous Reactions: Produces toxic gases under fire conditions or strong acid/base exposure
Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, phosgene, and other chlorinated compounds
Acute Effects: Nausea, drowsiness, dizziness, headache, narcosis; can cause liver and kidney injury with short-term exposure
Chronic Effects: May lead to liver/kidney damage, possible carcinogenicity based on animal studies and regulatory evaluations
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion
Other Concerns: Central nervous system depressant effects, potential for skin and respiratory sensitization
Hazards to Aquatic Life: Toxic to fish and other aquatic organisms, persistent in water
Bioaccumulation: Has potential to bioaccumulate
Soil Mobility: Moderately mobile in soils, can leach to groundwater
Degradation: Biodegrades slowly, prone to volatilization from surface waters
Preferred Disposal: Use licensed hazardous waste facility, never landfill or drain
Methods: Incineration under controlled conditions with scrubbing of off-gases
Special Precautions: Contaminated packaging also treated as hazardous; avoid release to environment during disposal operations
UN Number: UN 1184
Proper Shipping Name: 1,2-Dichloroethane
Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquid), also considered toxic
Packaging Group: II (medium danger)
Transport Notes: Keep away from food and animal feed, ensure containers are upright and tightly closed during transport, follow carrier-specific guidelines
Workplace Regulation: Listed by OSHA, NIOSH, ACGIH as hazardous; subject to workplace exposure limits
Environmental Regulation: Under control as a hazardous air pollutant (US Clean Air Act); addressed in water safety standards (Safe Drinking Water Act); recognized as a substance of high concern under EU REACH
Labeling Requirements: Hazard pictograms for toxicity, flammability, and carcinogenicity; precautionary statements required
