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Chemical Name: Bromobenzene
Common Synonyms: Monobromobenzene
CAS Number: 108-86-1
Physical State: Oily, colorless-to-yellow liquid
Odor: Distinct aromatic scent, not unlike paint thinner or solvent
Usage: Lab reagent, chemical synthesis, analytical testing, and formulation work
Hazard Class: Flammable liquid
Acute Hazards: Vapor inhalation causes irritation to respiratory system, eye and skin exposure causes noticeable irritation
Chronic Health Risks: Repeated exposure, especially in poorly ventilated spaces, can weaken central nervous system and liver, cause headaches, dizziness, and nausea
Specific Risks: Liquid and vapor ignite easily around open flames, hot surfaces, and static discharge; heavier than air, fumes creep along floors and may catch fire far from original spill
GHS Pictograms: Flame, exclamation mark
Main Ingredient: Bromobenzene, pure or nearly pure in most commercial bottles
Impurities: May contain trace amounts of benzene derivatives or related halides depending on synthesis route
Percent Purity: Common grades exceed 99% purity for laboratory work; impurities do not significantly modify hazard or behavior
Inhalation: Move outdoors for fresh air. Breathing problems, headaches, or confusion clear up in most cases with clean air and time.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothes and shoes; wash exposed area with soap, warm water, and gentle scrubbing. If irritation lingers, a healthcare check makes sense.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with clean water for several minutes, holding eyelids apart to get all traces out.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Drink water if awake and alert, seek medical advice immediately.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use foam, carbon dioxide, or dry chemical powder for small fires. Water mist helps with vapor control but splashing risks spreading flames.
Special Hazards: Combustion releases dense, highly irritating smoke and toxic fumes (hydrogen bromide, phenyl radicals); closed rooms fill up fast
Personal Protective Equipment: Firefighters rely on self-contained breathing apparatus and chemical protection suits.
Firefighting Tips: Cool containers with water from a safe distance if possible. Remove tanks from heat if safe to do so.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel; ensure fresh air supply; prevent skin and eye contact.
Spill Cleanup: For leaks, soak up with inert material such as clay, sand, or commercial absorbent. Use spark-resistant tools to gather and seal for disposal.
Environmental Precautions: Keep chemical out of drains—runoff pollutes waterways fast; Bromobenzene lingers in aquatic environments, harming fish and invertebrates
Ventilation: Air out the area thoroughly; open windows and use local exhaust. Ventilated spaces help workers avoid dangerous concentrations of vapors.
Handling: Pour in well-ventilated spaces, keep containers tightly closed; avoid open flames, static spark, or welding near the liquid. Use ground and bond procedures during transfer to prevent static buildup.
Storage: Store in cool, dry locations away from heat and sunlight, preferably locked and segregated from oxidizing agents, acids, alkalis, and food products.
Container Requirements: Drums, bottles, or bulk tanks must resist corrosion and seal tightly—plastic or glass work, metal only if lined properly
Occupational Limits: Long-term exposure should not exceed recommended limits published by workplace health agencies. Exact values vary by country or state, making consultation of national guidelines necessary.
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation above work surfaces and enclosed handling systems reduce exposure
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical splash goggles, solvent-resistant nitrile gloves, lab coats, and chemical fume hoods limit direct exposure; use air-purifying respirators with organic vapor cartridges where risks of inhalation persist
Molecular Formula: C6H5Br
Appearance: Slightly yellowish, oily liquid
Boiling Point: About 156 °C
Melting Point: Runs below room temperature, typically -30 °C
Vapor Pressure: Noticeable at room temperature, increases with heat
Solubility: Insoluble in water, dissolves well in alcohols, ethers, and organic solvents
Density: Sinks in water, heavier than air as a vapor
Odor Threshold: Distinct and strong at low concentrations
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage; light, heat, or strong acids prompt decomposition
Incompatible Materials: Alkali metals, strong oxidizers, and reactive metals trigger hazardous reactions, sudden heat, or gas release
Hazardous Decomposition: Burning or overheating breaks down to hydrogen bromide, phenols, and noxious tars
Acute Toxicity: Exposure above low thresholds brings headache, dizziness, drowsiness, and confusion fast; repeated inhalation causes liver and nervous system strain
Skin Effects: Prolonged or repeated skin contact creates dryness or cracking
Sensitization: Most exposed workers do not develop allergic reactions, yet dermatitis cases exist
Carcinogenicity: Not listed as a known carcinogen by major regulatory bodies, but chronic solvent exposure often links to health worries
Aquatic Impact: Spilled Bromobenzene seeps into ground, lingers in water, poisons aquatic organisms rapidly
Persistence: Does not break down easily in the natural world; bioaccumulates in fish and soil organisms
Disposal Risks: Releases toxic breakdown products if left in open air or burned without controls
Soil Mobility: Spills spread laterally, contaminating areas far beyond original point if not contained quickly
Waste Handling: Use licensed hazardous waste carriers; never dump in regular trash, drains, or industrial sewers
Preferred Methods: Incineration in certified chemical waste facilities with air pollution controls or chemical recycling by experienced handlers
Regulatory Steps: Label all waste accurately; manage secondary contaminated materials (rags, gloves, absorbents) as hazardous as well
UN Number: Assigned for Bromobenzene during international shipment
Packing Group: Classified for flammability and spill risk
Transport Hazards: Drums must not leak during shipment; broken seals, dents, or missing labels force refusal by professional carriers
Special Note: Keeping shipping paperwork and signals clear prevents mix-ups in ports, companies, and fire stations
Global Chemicals Lists: Featured on key safety and hazard inventories in Europe, the Americas, and Asia
Workplace Regulation: Company safety policies covering PPE, storage, and work practices always matter more than any single sheet
Labeling Requirements: Containers, pipelines, and tanks display hazard pictograms and warning statements at all times
Reporting Duties: Any significant release into air, water, or soil means an environmental incident and needs reporting as per national rules
