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Substance: 3-Chloro-1,2-Propanediol
Synonyms: 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol
Chemical Formula: C3H7ClO2
Appearance: Clear to slightly yellow liquid with a faint, sweet odor
Classification: Probable human carcinogen under various occupational safety authorities
Main Hazards: Harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or comes into contact with skin
Health Concerns: Potential to damage organs after prolonged or repeated exposure; suspected of causing cancer; suspected reproductive hazard
Physical Hazards: Not particularly flammable, but can react with strong oxidizers
Environmental Impact: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Component: 3-Chloro-1,2-Propanediol
CAS Number: 96-24-2
Purity: Typically exceeds 98% for lab or manufacturing use
Inhalation: Immediately move away from exposure to fresh air and seek medical attention if symptoms like dizziness or shortness of breath develop
Skin Contact: Flush affected area with plenty of water while removing contaminated clothing, continue rinsing for at least 15 minutes, consult healthcare if irritation or redness persists
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes under running water for at least 15 minutes; make sure eyelids are held open, seek medical attention if discomfort remains
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, and get medical help without delay
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide
Fire Hazards: Fumes can include hydrogen chloride, phosgene, or carbon oxides which put firefighters and bystanders at risk
Precautions for Firefighters: Wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus, avoid inhaling combustion gases
Personal Protection: Ventilate the spot, wear chemical-resistant gloves and goggles, and avoid inhaling any vapors
Spill Cleanup: Contain spills, soak up with inert absorbent material like sand, transfer to proper waste containers, thoroughly wash area with water
Environmental Precautions: Prevent chemical from entering drains or waterways, notify authorities if a significant amount escapes containment
Handling: Avoid direct skin and eye contact; only use in well-ventilated places or chemical fume hoods; never eat, drink, or smoke around the chemical
Storage: Keep container tightly closed, store in cool, dry, and well-ventilated area; make sure to keep away from incompatible substances such as acids and strong oxidants; keep separate from food and animal feed
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation or chemical fume hoods to keep airborne levels below recommended exposure limits
Personal Protective Equipment: Nitrile gloves, chemical safety goggles, lab coat or protective clothing, and respiratory protection if ventilation is poor
Exposure Limits: Some authorities offer guidance but enforceable limits vary by country; check current national guidelines
Molecular Weight: 110.54 g/mol
Boiling Point: About 213 Celsius
Melting Point: Typically does not crystallize at ambient temperatures
Vapor Pressure: Low at room temperature
Solubility: Readily dissolves in water
Odor: Mildly sweet
Other Traits: Non-volatile, not prone to rapid evaporation
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures, can hydrolyze if heated with water
Incompatibles: Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids and bases can trigger hazardous reactions
Hazardous Decomposition: Hydrogen chloride, phosgene, and carbon oxides under high heat or fire
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact
Acute Effects: May produce irritation of the eyes, respiratory tract and skin, may cause nausea, headache, and other systemic symptoms
Chronic Effects: Repeated exposure may affect liver and kidneys; classified as probably carcinogenic to humans; studies show reproductive effects in animal testing
Other Risks: The compound passes easily through skin, and chronic low-level exposure can sometimes go unnoticed
Aquatic Impact: Shows toxicity to algae, invertebrates, and fish at moderate concentrations
Persistence: Slow biodegradation in soils and groundwater; potential to travel with runoff
Bioaccumulation: Not prone to accumulate in body fat but repeated exposure can increase local concentrations
Mobility: Moves readily through water and moist soils, raising serious concerns about long-term contamination
Product Disposal: Dispose of 3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol as chemical waste according to local regulations, do not pour down drains or mix with household trash
Container Handling: Triple rinse empty containers, remove or deface labels, and follow approved protocols for chemical container disposal
Special Instructions: Large or bulk quantities need hazardous waste transport and treatment at licensed facilities
UN Number: Categories and hazard classes for shipment vary depending on jurisdiction
Labeling: Proper labeling for toxic and potentially carcinogenic materials required by transport authorities
Transport Requirements: Specialized tanks or containers with seals to prevent spills or leaks, care during loading or unloading to avoid worker contact or environmental release
Chemical Listings: Found on major regulatory inventories, including European and North American lists
Use Limitations: Some countries limit its use in food-contact applications or restrict industrial emission levels
Worker Protections: Safety and exposure requirements governed by workplace safety laws, often stronger where the chemical appears in consumer products or food manufacturing
Reporting Obligations: Companies using or releasing the substance may have to inform national authorities under chemical and environmental protection acts
