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Chemical Name: 2-Pentanone
Synonyms: Methyl propyl ketone, MPK
CAS Number: 107-87-9
Appearance: Transparent liquid, mild sweet odor, clear and colorless
Uses: Often runs in paint removers, solvents, coatings, and some adhesive formulations
Hazard Classification: Flammable liquid, causes eye, skin, and respiratory irritation
Main Risks: Flammable vapors ignite easily; inhalation causes dizziness, headaches, or drowsiness; splash contact can burn skin or sting eyes
Label Elements: Symbol of flame; warnings emphasize both fire and irritation hazards
Acute Exposure Symptoms: May trigger coughing fits, nausea, and throat discomfort after inhaling fumes; splashes lead to sharp eye or skin pain
Pentanone Content: Up to 99% pure
Common Impurities: Traces of water, methyl isobutyl ketone, and similar ketones can linger
Formula: C5H10O
Molecular Weight: 86.13 g/mol
Eye Contact: Rinse with lots of clean water, blink often, seek a medic if sharp pain or blurry vision lingers
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water, toss any clothing drenched in the chemical
Inhalation: Get outside, breathe freely, get checked if you feel lightheaded or short of breath
Swallowing: Drink water only if awake; skip vomiting, call for urgent help
Fire Hazards: Burns fast; releases wicked fumes if flames reach the liquid
Suitable Extinguishing Methods: Foam, dry powder, or carbon dioxide outperforms water
Firefighting Advice: Fire crews stay upwind and keep gear sealed tight, watch for vapors fueling flashbacks
Hazardous Decomposition: Fumes include carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide
Spill Precautions: Block off sources of sparks or flames instantly, keep people back
Containment Methods: Build sand or dirt berms; use inert absorbents for small puddles
Cleanup: Scoop absorbed waste to sealed bins; scrub the spill surface with detergent and rinse carefully
Ventilation: Crank up fans and keep air blowing to clear out fumes
Handling: Wear splash-proof gear, keep drums shut tight between uses, pour slowly to avoid splash
Storage: Stash away from heat or sun in proper flammable storage units, keep upright, separate from oxidizers
Containers: Use steel or approved plastic drums that resist chemical attack; keep labels visible
PPE for Use: Nitrile gloves, chemical goggles, splash aprons, and strong ventilation essential
Respiratory Protection: Organic vapor mask for high concentrations or poor air flow
Workplace Controls: Hooded benches, localized exhaust, monitor vapor buildup
Exposure Limits: ACGIH TLV and OSHA PEL both clock in at 200 ppm
Hygiene Actions: No food or smoke breaks near open containers; regular hand scrubbing keeps chemical off skin
Boiling Point: Roughly 102°C (216°F)
Melting Point: Around -78°C (-108°F)
Vapor Pressure: About 25 mmHg at 20°C
Density: Close to 0.81 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility: Mixes with most organic liquids, partly dissolves in water
Odor Threshold: Low, sweet smell detectable at sub-ppm levels
Viscosity: Flows like light oil
Chemical Stability: Keeps stable under regular storage, except when sparks or heat intrude
Incompatible Materials: Avoid mixing with strong acids, oxidizers, and alkali metals; reactions flare up easily
Hazardous Breakdown: Burns off to carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and smoke; noxious at high temperatures
Polymerization: Does not self-react under typical conditions
Possible Effects: Overexposures bring drowsiness, headaches, and irritation to eyes and airways
Routes of Entry: Easily inhaled, absorbed through skin, swallowed
Chronic Effects: Prolonged contact dries out and cracks skin; regular vapor breathing may dull brain function over time
Acute Toxicity: Oral and inhalation toxicity fall to moderate range; people or lab animals recover if exposure stays within safe guidelines
Environmental Fate: Breaks down in air through sunlight and reactions with natural chemicals
Aquatic Impact: Higher doses poison fish or invertebrates, but breakdown tends to outpace buildup
Bioaccumulation: Shows low potential in food chains
Soil Mobility: Moves easily with water, more risk of runoff to groundwater if spills hit the dirt
Disposal: Incinerate leftovers in chemical waste burners where local rules allow; small residues can go in hazardous solvent bins
Reuse: Some labs recover spent ketones using distillation rigs
Wastewater Concerns: Avoid dumping in storm drains or toilets; trace amounts foul up treatment plants and threaten wildlife
Proper Shipping Name: Flammable liquid, n.o.s. (2-Pentanone)
UN Number: UN 1249
Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquids)
Packing Group: III
Transport Warnings: Keep drums upright, cushioned to resist leaks or spills; never stack with acids or oxidizers; declare on shipping documents
Workplace Standards: Covered under OSHA flammable liquid handling safety codes
Environmental Rules: National and local environmental bodies regulate its release and disposal; usually labeled hazardous for shipment and waste
Right-to-Know Laws: Many regions list it as a substance requiring disclosure and labeled risks in the workplace
International Alignment: Included in major chemical safety conventions and transporter protocols
Labeling Requirements: Clear, bold hazard statements for flammability and irritation keep workers and shippers on their guard
