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Chemical Name: 1,4-Butanediol (commonly called 1,4-Butylene Glycol)
Common Uses: Solvent in industrial cleaning, intermediate for plastics production, ingredient in some personal care products
Chemical Formula: C4H10O2
Appearance: Clear, colorless, viscous liquid
Smell: Faint, almost sweet odor
Synonyms: Butane-1,4-diol, Tetramethylene glycol
Main Health Hazards: May irritate eyes and skin, can be harmful if swallowed or inhaled
Physical Dangers: Slight fire hazard if exposed to high heat or flame
Signal Word: Warning
Potential Long-term Effects: Repeated exposure may affect central nervous system and liver
Symptom Triggers: Headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting after exposure
Chemical Identity: Butanediol, 1,4-
CAS Number: 110-63-4
Purity: Usually greater than 99%, minor water and trace impurities possible
Inhalation: Move to fresh air, keep breathing easy, seek medical advice if cough or shortness of breath develops
Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water, remove soiled clothing
Eye Contact: Rinse under running water for several minutes, get checked if redness or pain lingers
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water, do not make the person vomit, contact poison center or doctor
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use foam, dry powder, or carbon dioxide
Risks During Fire: Vapors may form explosive mix with air if heated strongly
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Standard turnout gear and self-contained breathing apparatus
Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide can result from burning
Personal Safety: Keep skin covered, put on gloves and splash goggles
Environmental Protection: Stop the liquid from spreading into drains or waterways
Containment: Use absorbent materials like sand or earth
Cleanup Methods: Scoop or sweep up and dispose in sealed container, ventilate the area to clear vapors
Handling: Open containers with care in well-ventilated areas, avoid breathing vapor or mist
Storage: Store in tightly sealed containers, away from heat sources and direct sunlight
Compatible Materials: Keep away from strong oxidizers, acids, and bases to avoid unwanted reactions
Other Practical Measures: Label containers clearly, teach staff about potential risks, keep emergency eyewash stations nearby
Respiratory Protection: Use suitable filter masks if vapors could build up
Skin Protection: Wear chemical-resistant gloves and long sleeves
Eye Protection: Use safety goggles or a face shield
Workplace Controls: Ventilation is key, local exhaust systems are better for heavy use
Hygiene: Wash hands before eating, drinking, or smoking; clean working gear regularly
Molecular Weight: 90.12 g/mol
Boiling Point: Around 230 °C
Melting Point: Roughly 20 °C
Flash Point: 121 °C (closed cup)
Vapor Pressure: Very low at room temperature
Solubility in Water: Mixes easily with water
Density: About 1.02 g/cm³ at 20°C
Viscosity: Noticeably thick, almost syrupy
Chemical Stability: Remains stable under normal storage and handling
Conditions to Avoid: High heat, open flames, strong acids or bases
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers can cause a dangerous reaction
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Thermal breakdown may give off carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, possibly other organic vapors
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, swallowing
Acute Symptoms: Stomach discomfort, dizziness, and headaches after heavy or prolonged exposure
Chronic Effects: Continued overexposure has a chance of damaging liver or nervous system
Carcinogenicity: No strong evidence links this substance to cancer in humans based on current studies
Other Concerns: Not a known mutagen or reproductive hazard, but good practice includes minimizing avoidable contact
Environmental Impact: Breaks down fairly fast in air and water, but heavy spills can harm aquatic life
Biodegradability: Considered readily biodegradable under standard conditions
Aquatic Toxicity: Moderate toxicity to fish and invertebrates, avoid dumping into streams or sewers
Mobility: Moves quickly through soil if spilled outdoors, possible groundwater concern after large releases
Preferred Methods: Recycle or reuse if possible for industrial purposes
Disposal of Waste: Incineration in properly equipped facilities, or under direction of local hazardous waste rules
Container Handling: Empty drums may keep residue, rinse and manage as hazardous material
Legal Requirements: Never dump down household drains or regular trash
Shipping Name: Butanediol, 1,4-
Transport Hazards: No major transport restrictions for small quantities, but bulk shipments need sturdy, leak-proof containers
Packing Instruction: Seal tight and use unbreakable packaging
Other Notes: Spills during transit create slip hazard and can attract regulatory scrutiny
Global Regulations: Listed in chemical inventories in North America, Europe, and Asia
Occupational Exposure Limits: Check local or regional guidelines for workplace limits, not universally established
Label Requirements: Must carry hazard information and safety measures on containers
Other Regulatory Considerations: Handling large volumes falls under hazardous chemical handling laws, worker safety rules apply in manufacturing and warehouse settings
