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Product Name: Zirconium Tetrachloride
Chemical Formula: ZrCl4
CAS Number: 10026-11-6
Synonyms: Zirconium(IV) chloride
Trade Names: Not widely traded under brand names
Recommended Use: Used for organic synthesis, chemical vapor deposition processes, catalyst production, electronics manufacturing
Manufacturer/Supplier: Refer to supplier label or packaging for contact information
Emergency Contact: Refer to supplier details provided on container labeling
GHS Classification: Acute Toxicity (Oral, Inhalation, Dermal); Corrosive to Metals; Skin Corrosion/Irritation; Serious Eye Damage
Signal Word: Danger
Pictograms: Corrosive, Exclamation Mark
Hazard Statements: May cause severe skin burns and eye damage, can cause respiratory irritation, ingestion causes gastrointestinal burns and possible systemic toxicity, readily hydrolyzes forming hydrochloric acid vapors
Precautionary Statements: Wear protective gloves, clothing, and eye protection; avoid breathing dust or vapors; wash hands thoroughly after handling
Other Hazards: Hydrolysis products may generate corrosive fumes; reacts violently with water; forms irritating and toxic fumes on heating
Chemical Name: Zirconium Tetrachloride
CAS Number: 10026-11-6
Concentration: ≥ 98% (typical purity)
Impurities: Small amounts of zirconium oxychloride, free hydrochloric acid (may vary based on grade and supplier)
Additives: No major additives present
Inhalation: Move to fresh air and keep victim calm; obtain medical attention for symptoms like coughing, wheezing, or shortness of breath; provide oxygen if breathing is difficult
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse affected skin with running water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical aid if irritation or burns appear
Eye Contact: Flush eyes immediately with gentle stream of water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids apart; remove contact lenses; seek prompt medical attention
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water only if conscious; do not induce vomiting; get medical attention immediately; give nothing by mouth if unconscious
Important Notes: Immediate medical attention recommended due to corrosive nature; symptoms may be delayed
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, CO2, or sand for small fires; avoid water or foam due to reactivity
Specific Hazards: May generate toxic and corrosive gases including hydrogen chloride and zirconium oxides on decomposition or contact with water
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus due to risk of toxic fume exposure
Special Firefighting Procedures: Move container from fire area if safe to do so; cool unopened containers using dry agents; prevent run-off from entering drains or water sources
Unusual Fire/Explosion Hazards: Contact with water liberates highly corrosive acid fumes and heat; product is not flammable but will intensify damage through chemical reactivity
Personal Precautions: Evacuate non-essential personnel; use appropriate personal protection including gloves, goggles, respirator if vapor/dust present
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spill from entering drains, sewers, or natural waterways; inform authorities if contamination may occur
Containment/Clean-up Methods: Avoid direct contact; isolate spill area; cover with dry sand or inert absorbent, collect in sealed plastic or glass containers; ventilate area
Decontamination: Neutralize residues with sodium bicarbonate solution or lime (avoid excess water); clean non-porous surfaces thoroughly
Special Procedures: Do not use water for clean-up; avoid generating dust; dispose of waste according to local, state, and national regulations
Handling: Ensure use in a well-ventilated chemical fume hood; avoid inhaling dust/fumes and skin or eye contact; wear full PPE; minimize exposure time; use only non-sparking tools and containers
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed, air- and moisture-tight containers; keep away from water sources, bases, oxidizers, and combustibles; maintain ambient, dry environment
Incompatible Materials: Water, strong bases, oxidizing agents, most organic materials
Packing Materials: Use glass, PTFE, or other corrosion-resistant containers; avoid metals and moisture-permeable plastics
Hygiene Practices: Wash hands, forearms, and face thoroughly after handling; keep food and drink away from storage and working areas
Exposure Limits: OSHA, NIOSH, ACGIH do not set specific TLV or PEL values for zirconium tetrachloride, but consider limits for hydrolysis products (hydrogen chloride); use engineering controls to maintain airborne exposure well below 2 ppm (hydrogen chloride, ceiling limit)
Engineering Controls: Use chemical fume hood or local exhaust ventilation; provide eyewash station and emergency shower
Respiratory Protection: NIOSH/MSHA approved full-face respirator with acid gas cartridges if engineering controls are inadequate
Skin Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, neoprene); full protective clothing; lab coat or coverall impervious to hydrochloric acid
Eye/Face Protection: Tight-fitting goggles or face shield
Other Protective Measures: Avoid direct contact with skin, eyes, and mucous membranes; keep PPE separate from ordinary clothing and launder before reuse
Appearance: White to grey crystalline solid, often powdery
Odor: Pungent, characteristic of hydrogen chloride when moist
Molecular Weight: 233.03 g/mol
Melting Point: 331 °C (sublimes on heating)
Boiling Point: 331 °C (decomposes, sublimes as white vapor)
Density: 2.8 g/cm3 (at 20 °C)
Solubility: Reacts violently and hydrolyzes in water
Vapor Pressure: 2.5 kPa at 200 °C
pH: Not applicable (hydrolyzes in aqueous solutions)
Partition Coefficient (octanol/water): Not established; not relevant due to reactivity with water
Oxidizing Properties: Not an oxidizer by GHS criteria
Chemical Stability: Stable under dry, inert atmosphere; decomposes rapidly in presence of moisture
Incompatible Materials: Water and humidity, strong bases, alcohols, oxidizing agents, organic materials
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride gas, zirconium oxides
Polymerization: Will not polymerize
Conditions to Avoid: Any contact with water or humid air, high temperatures, contact with metals or combustibles
Likely Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion
Acute Effects: Corrosive to mucous membranes, causes severe burns and irritation to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract, inhalation leads to coughing, bronchospasm, pulmonary edema, ingestion results in gastrointestinal tract damage
Chronic Effects: Repeated or prolonged exposure may lead to dermatitis, respiratory tract sensitization, potential dental erosion
Toxicity Data: No established LD50 for zirconium tetrachloride; hydrolysis product (hydrogen chloride) has oral LD50 (rat) 700 mg/kg, inhalation LC50 (rat) ~3124 ppm/1h
Carcinogenicity: Not classified by IARC, NTP, or OSHA as carcinogenic
Other Information: No evidence of reproductive or mutagenic effects based on available data
Ecotoxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic life due to acidification potential; can disrupt local ecosystems by lowering pH in water bodies
Persistence and Degradability: Not persistent in environment; hydrolyzes rapidly in presence of water to form zirconium oxychloride and hydrochloric acid
Bioaccumulation Potential: Not expected to bioaccumulate
Mobility in Soil: Reacts with moisture in soil, may affect metal mobility and solubility; not expected to move far from site of release
Other Adverse Effects: Acidification of soils and water can impact flora and fauna; downstream effects depend on local environmental conditions and buffering capacity
Waste Disposal Methods: Collect in sealed, labeled containers and dispose of in accordance with local hazardous waste regulations; do not pour down the drain
Neutralization: May be neutralized carefully with dilute base such as sodium bicarbonate under fume hood before disposal
Contaminated Packaging: Triple rinse containers; treat rinsate as hazardous; decontaminate or dispose of packaging according to regulations
Additional Information: Consult with licensed hazardous waste disposal contractor for regulatory compliance and best practices
UN Number: UN 2501
Proper Shipping Name: Zirconium Tetrachloride
Transport Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive substances)
Packing Group: II (Medium danger)
Label: Corrosive
Marine Pollutant: Not classified as marine pollutant, but avoid release to environment
Special Precautions: Keep dry and tightly sealed during transport; carry out all handling according to government and carrier regulations
Transport by Air: IATA regulated as a corrosive solid; follow all IATA packaging and quantity limits
TSCA Status: Listed in the United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory
European Regulation: Registered under REACH Annex V; subject to regulation as a hazardous substance in the EU
OSHA Status: Regulated as hazardous based on corrosive and toxic properties
WHMIS Classification (Canada): Class E (Corrosive Material)
SARA Title III: Not subject to SARA Section 313 reporting
Other Country Regulations: Check specific regional, national, and international lists for up-to-date requirements; labeling and reporting required by most jurisdictions
