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Product Name: Zidovudine
Synonyms: AZT, Retrovir, 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine
Chemical Formula: C10H13N5O4
CAS Number: 30516-87-1
Recommended Use: Antiviral agent for HIV/AIDS therapy
Supplier Details: Contact local distributor or manufacturer
Emergency Contact: Refer to institutional emergency numbers or Poison Control Centers for immediate assistance
Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, category 4), Specific target organ toxicity
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed; may cause damage to blood and bone marrow with prolonged exposure
Symbol: Exclamation mark, Health hazard
Signal Word: Warning
Precautionary Statements: Avoid inhalation or ingestion, use personal protective equipment, wash hands thoroughly after handling, do not eat, drink, or smoke during use; seek medical advice if symptoms develop
Chemical Name: Zidovudine
PURITY: ≥98%
Other Components: No additives or preservatives in pure active pharmaceutical ingredient form
Impurities: Trace synthesis byproducts can be present in laboratory samples, refer to product certificate of analysis for specific details
Inhalation: Remove person to fresh air, keep at rest, obtain medical attention for prolonged or severe symptoms
Skin Contact: Wash exposed area with plenty of water and soap, remove contaminated clothing
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes carefully with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present and easy to do, seek medical advice if irritation persists
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly, do not induce vomiting, contact Poison Control or a physician immediately
Symptoms: Symptoms of exposure may include headache, fatigue, anemia, nausea, or bone marrow suppression; medical monitoring recommended for laboratory workers
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or foam can be used
Special Hazards: Combustion may produce toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide
Advice for Firefighters: Wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus, prevent fire-fighting water from contaminating nearby water sources, handle fire runoff responsibly to avoid environmental release
Personal Precautions: Use appropriate personal protective equipment such as gloves, lab coats, and eye protection; evacuate unnecessary personnel from spill area
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spillage from entering drains, surface and groundwater, contain release using absorbent materials
Methods for Cleanup: Collect spilled material with absorbent pads or paper, place in suitable container for disposal, wash area thoroughly with detergent and water, ventilate affected area
Safe Handling: Maintain adequate ventilation, avoid dust formation, avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing, do not ingest, use only in designated chemical hoods or cleanrooms
Storage Conditions: Store at 2–8°C in tightly closed, labeled containers away from incompatible materials, protect from light and moisture, store in a secure area with limited access
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, oxidizing agents, and bases should not be stored together with Zidovudine
Control Parameters: Zidovudine does not have established occupational exposure limits; minimize exposure as much as possible
Engineering Controls: Use chemical fume hood, laboratory ventilation, sealed equipment where feasible
Personal Protection: Wear protective gloves (nitrile or latex), safety goggles or face shield, disposable lab coat or apron, and respiratory protection if dust or aerosol is generated
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands before eating, drinking, or smoking; remove and wash contaminated clothing promptly; avoid skin contact as much as possible
Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder
Molecular Weight: 267.24 g/mol
Melting Point: 125–127°C
Solubility: Freely soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol; insoluble in nonpolar solvents
pH (1% solution): Near neutral
Odor: Odorless
Vapor Pressure: Not significant at room temperature
Partition Coefficient (log Pow): Approximately 0.05; low potential for bioaccumulation
Chemical Stability: Zidovudine remains stable under recommended handling and storage conditions
Reactivity: No hazardous reactions under normal process conditions
Conditions to Avoid: Excessive heat, direct sunlight, prolonged exposure to air or moisture
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, and alkalis accelerate decomposition
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Toxic vapors such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide may form during thermal degradation
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin or eye contact, ingestion
Acute Toxicity: LD50 oral in rats ranges from 3,800 to 5,000 mg/kg
Chronic Effects: Blood disorders (anemia, leukopenia), myopathy, liver toxicity, lactic acidosis reported in clinical exposures
Carcinogenicity: Long-term studies in rodents show equivocal evidence of tumorigenicity
Mutagenicity: Evidence of genotoxicity in some cell cultures; not proven for humans
Other Health Hazards: Possible hypersensitivity reactions (rash, fever) in sensitive individuals
Ecotoxicity: Data suggest moderate toxicity for aquatic organisms, with LC50 values for fish and daphnia in the low-milligram per liter range; chronic effects on growth and reproduction possible at lower concentrations
Persistence and Degradability: Zidovudine demonstrates moderate persistence; incomplete biodegradation in wastewater treatment processes
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low, based on partition coefficient and water solubility
Mobility in Soil: Compound remains mobile and can potentially leach to groundwater if released in large quantities
Waste Handling: Incinerate waste material in federal or local-authorized facility equipped to handle hazardous chemical substances; do not dispose in municipal waste systems
Container Disposal: Rinse empty containers with water, render unusable, follow hazardous waste labeling and disposal requirements
Precautions: Prevent environmental release, consult regulatory authority for proper disposal of large quantities or bulk material
UN Number: Not regulated as a hazardous material under United Nations recommendations for transport
Proper Shipping Name: Zidovudine or pharmaceutical chemical (not otherwise specified)
Transport Hazard Class: Generally not assigned
Packing Group: None required
Special Precautions: Protect containers from physical damage, prevent leakage, pack in sealed, shatter-proof packaging, and include appropriate documentation
Regulatory Status: Zidovudine is controlled under pharmaceutical regulations and may require permits for use, storage, and disposal in certain countries
OSHA: Not listed as hazardous under US Occupational Safety and Health standards; general laboratory safety protocols apply
EPA: Handle as a hazardous pharmaceutical under Resource Conservation and Recovery Act if disposed as waste
TSCA: Not listed for industrial chemicals under US Toxic Substances Control Act
International Inventories: Not subject to classification as a dangerous good for transportation, but may be subject to European REACH registration or similar frameworks elsewhere
