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Chemical Name: Vanadium Oxytrichloride
Synonyms: Vanadyl Trichloride
CAS Number: 13682-41-4
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow fuming liquid
Odor: Pungent, irritating
Hazards: Eats through tissue on contact, harshly burns skin, eyes, respiratory system. Releases acidic, toxic fumes, posing risks to anyone nearby. Inhalation can do real harm fast. Reacts sharply with water, raising the threat in damp environments.
Health Effects: Breathing in vapors burns lungs, leading to chest tightness, sore throat, coughing up blood. Skin and eye contact bring blistering and vision loss. Chronic exposure can damage airways and organs.
NFPA Rating: Health: 3; Flammability: 0; Instability: 2
Main Substance: Vanadium Oxytrichloride, VOCI3
Typical Purity: Over 99%
Contaminants: Water vapor, hydrochloric acid traces if hydrolyzed
Inhalation: Quickly move the person to fresh air. Loosen clothing. Give oxygen if breathing feels tough. Seek urgent medical attention.
Skin: Rinse right away with plenty of running water. Remove contaminated clothes. Do not delay medical evaluation.
Eyes: Instantly flush eyes with clean water for at least 20 minutes. Call eye care experts as fast as possible.
Ingestion: Do not give anything by mouth. Seek hospital care without delay.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Never aim water directly at spills, as it kicks off harmful vapors.
Fire Hazards: Nonflammable, but heat or flames break the substance down into toxic fumes, like vanadium oxides and hydrochloric acid.
Protective Gear: Wear full body protection with independent breathing apparatus. Keep upwind and avoid smoke and vapor.
Personal Precautions: Suit up with chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, full coveralls, and proper respirators before entering the area.
Containment: Avoid water. Absorb leaks with sand, vermiculite, or inert material. Seal in chemical waste containers.
Cleanup: Shovel spills into suitable containers. Ventilate the area well to clear fumes. Arrange for specialized chemical waste disposal. Wash hands and face before leaving the spill zone.
Safe Handling: Only open containers in a working fume hood. Wear splash-proof gloves, eye shields, and acid-resistant clothing. Keep away from water sources and moisture.
Storage: Store in tight glass or corrosion-resistant vessels. Stash in cool, dry, well-ventilated spots below 30°C. Reserve space far from acids, alkalis, water, and anything organic.
Exposure Limits: As set for vanadium compounds – OSHA: 0.05 mg/m3 ceiling for V dust and fumes.
Engineering Controls: Strong local exhaust ventilation and air monitoring offer the main line of defense.
Respiratory Protection: Wear certified acid-gas/dust respirators.
Skin Protection: Don heavy-duty gloves, boots, and chemical-resist aprons.
Eye/Face Protection: Use sealed chemical splash goggles plus a full-face shield.
Form: Fluid, fuming liquid
Color: Pale yellow to colorless
Boiling Point: Around 127°C
Melting Point: Near -34°C
Solubility: Reacts fiercely with water
Vapor Pressure: High, with heavy fuming at room temperature
Density: Approximately 1.88 g/cm3 at 20°C
Reactivity: Water, alcohols, strong bases, strong oxidizers spark off violent reactions.
Chemical Stability: Stays stable under dry, airtight storage at cool temperatures, but rapidly decomposes on contact with water.
Decomposition Products: Yields choking vapors including HCl gas and vanadium pentoxide.
Acute Toxicity: Highly toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact. Causes deep tissue harm rapidly.
Symptoms: Burning pain in airways, eye damage, severe skin burns, nausea, vomiting, headache, fatigue.
Chronic Effects: Long-term exposure may cloud the lungs, damage nerves, impact kidney and liver function, and prompt irritation-related conditions.
Ecotoxicity: Lethal to aquatic life even in small quantities; getting this chemical into waterways does real harm.
Mobility: Reacts immediately with water and moist soils.
Persistence and Degradability: Produces persistent, hard-to-remove vanadium compounds after breakdown.
Bioaccumulation Potential: Vanadium builds up in plant, animal, and human tissue over time.
Waste Disposal: Handle everything as hazardous chemical waste, following EPA and local rules. Do not dump down the drain. Containerize all cleanup residue and used protective gear for proper chemical waste incineration or landfill designed for hazardous materials.
Container Disposal: Triple-rinse empty containers, then treat rinse water as chemical waste.
UN Number: 2866
Hazard Class: 8, Corrosive
Packing Group: I (severe risk)
Labeling: Strong outer packaging, clear corrosive hazard labels, sealed drums or glass bottles inside secondary protection.
Transport Precautions: Keep away from heat, moisture, acids, and organics. Segregate from food and water sources in transit.
OSHA: Marked as hazardous under the Hazard Communication Standard.
EPA: Regulated for handling and disposal. Land disposal restrictions apply.
International Transport: Classified as a dangerous good under IATA, IMDG, and DOT standards, so only specialized carriers can legally move it.
