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Chemical Name: Tris(1-aziridinyl)phosphine oxide Common Names: TEPA, Aziridine phosphoramide Chemical Formula: C6H12N3OP Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder Odor: Faint, amine-like Recommended Uses: Crosslinking agent in polymers, chemical research, potential pharmaceutical intermediate Synonyms: TEPA, ThioTEPA, Triethylenethiophosphoramide (related), not to be confused with thiophosphoryl analogs
Hazard Classification: Toxic, suspected carcinogen, potential mutagen Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, ingestion, eye contact Acute Effects: Skin and eye irritation, respiratory discomfort, nausea Chronic Effects: Possible liver and kidney damage, increased cancer risk with repeated exposure Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, exclamation mark (according to GHS) Signal Word: Danger Target Organs: Liver, kidneys, nervous system Specific Hazards: May be harmful to fertility
Main Ingredient: Tris(1-aziridinyl)phosphine oxide (CAS 545-55-1) Impurities: Aziridine derivatives (may present additional hazards), reaction byproducts Purity: Varies with supplier, often >98%
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air without delay; support breathing; seek medical attention for persistent coughing or difficulty breathing Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing; wash skin with soap and water for at least 15 minutes; consult a physician if irritation develops Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with plenty of water, holding eyelids apart for at least 15 minutes; get medical care immediately Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical attention Symptoms to Watch: Nausea, vomiting, dizziness, weakness, skin or eye irritation, and any delayed effects over hours to days
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam Unsuitable Media: High-pressure water streams (may spread contamination) Specific Hazards: Fires generate phosphorus oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, toxic fumes Protective Equipment: Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), full protective gear Firefighting Advice: Avoid inhaling decomposition products; use caution to prevent runoff
Spill Procedures: Evacuate area; ventilate; use local exhaust Personal Precautions: Nitrile or butyl gloves, chemical splash goggles, protective clothing Cleanup Methods: Collect material with non-sparking tools; avoid raising dust; place in chemical waste container Environmental Measures: Prevent entry into drains and waterways; notify authorities if large amounts released Decontamination: Wash down surfaces with appropriate solvent or detergent; ventilate area thoroughly
Handling: Use closed systems or adequate ventilation; minimize dust generation; avoid direct contact Storage: Keep in cool, dry, and well-ventilated place, tightly sealed in a corrosion-resistant container Segregation: Separate from oxidizers, acids, strong bases, incompatible organics Practice: Staff should be trained to recognize risks and know decontamination procedures
Engineering Controls: Use fume hoods, glove boxes, local exhaust Respiratory Protection: NIOSH-approved respirators, especially in case of dust or insufficient ventilation Skin Protection: Full-length lab coats, impermeable gloves (nitrile, butyl rubber), chemical-resistant footwear Eye/Face Protection: Chemical splash goggles, face shield during bulk handling Work Practice: Prohibit eating, drinking, and smoking in work area; wash hands thoroughly
Physical State: Solid Color: White to off-white Melting Point: Roughly 52-55°C Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, soluble in polar organic solvents Odor: Faint amine-like Vapor Pressure: Low Density: 1.4-1.5 g/cm³ (approximate values) pH (aqueous solution): No data Other Properties: May hydrolyze in moist air
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions, decomposes on heating Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, alkalis, oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomposition Products: Phosphorus oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide Polymerization: Not known to polymerize under normal conditions Reactivity: Reacts with water and alcohols slowly, forming aziridine ring-opening products
Acute Toxicity: Based on related aziridine compounds, probable LD50 oral (rat) 20-50 mg/kg; high toxicity Skin Sensitization: May cause sensitization Carcinogenicity: Aziridine derivatives are flagged as possible carcinogens by several regulatory agencies Mutagenicity: Evidence suggests mutagenic potential due to DNA alkylation Reproductive Toxicity: Animal data points to risk for fertility effects Irritation: Causes skin, eye, and respiratory irritation; effects may be delayed
Persistence: Potentially persistent in the environment, phosphate backbone resists quick degradation Toxicity to Aquatic Life: Likely toxic to fish, invertebrates, and algae based on related compounds Bioaccumulation: Little evidence of bioaccumulation, but environmental persistence raises concerns Mobility: Low water solubility may limit movement, spill control is warranted Hazard to Sewage Systems: Could disrupt wastewater treatment microbial communities
Waste Treatment Methods: Disposal by incineration at licensed facility; do not dump into drains Contaminated Packaging: Treat as hazardous waste; triple rinse, puncture to prevent reuse Recycle/Reclaim: Not feasible for this material; focus on safe destruction Legal Requirements: Follow local and national hazardous waste rules, consult regulatory authorities
UN Number: Regulated as a toxic substance when shipped; improper shipping endangers handlers Hazard Class: Class 6.1 (Toxic substances) Packing Group: II (medium danger) Shipping Procedures: Use sealed, compatible containers, strong outer packaging Labeling Requirements: Toxic substance labels, avoid mixing with foodstuffs or incompatible goods Environmental Release: Immediate reporting mandatory for incidents during transport; document routes and carriers
OSHA: Substance flagged for hazard communication under US regulations REACH: Not widely registered; users in the EU must check for specific provisions TSCA: May appear on the US inventory, subject to reporting requirements Right-to-Know: Requires inclusion on hazardous substance lists in various states/countries Worker Protection: Medical surveillance recommended for frequent exposure; employers are held accountable for safety training Global Regulation: Toxic chemical, regulated internationally, typically flagged for high concern over occupational and environmental impact
