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Chemical Name: Trinitro-M-Cresol
Common Names: 2-Methyl-3,5,6-Trinitrophenol
Chemical Formula: C7H5N3O7
Physical State: Yellow crystalline solid with a distinctive odor
Use Profile: Explosives manufacturing, chemical synthesis, laboratory research
Other Names You May See: Methylpicric acid
Recognizable Traits: Strong, pungent, bitter odor, stains surfaces yellow
Acute Dangers: Toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption
Bodily Effects: Irritates eyes, skin, and respiratory tract; causes headaches, dizziness, and in severe exposures, kidney or liver injuries
Explosive Risk: Shock sensitive, may explode if subjected to impact, friction, or heat
Long-term Concerns: Repeated exposure raises chances for cumulative organ damage, especially liver and kidneys
Fire Hazard: Intensifies burning; decomposes releasing toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides
Regulatory Signal Words: Danger, toxic, explosive, environmentally hazardous
Main Substance: Pure trinitro-m-cresol (CAS 129-46-4)
Typical Purity: Often found well above 95% for industrial or lab use
Impurities: Trace to negligible unless accidental contamination occurs
Inhalation: Move individual to fresh air immediately, seek medical help if effects persist or worsen
Skin Contact: Wash exposed area thoroughly with plenty of water and mild soap; remove contaminated clothing
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes gently for ten to fifteen minutes under running water; medical advice often needed
Ingestion: Seek emergency medical attention swiftly; never try to induce vomiting due to chemical burns or risk of aspiration
Symptoms to Watch For: Yellow staining of skin, dizziness, abdominal pain, difficulty breathing, confusion
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Large amounts of water spray, never use dry chemicals, carbon dioxide, or foam due to risk of spreading fire or explosion
Firefighter Gear: Full protective equipment, including chemical splash suit and self-contained breathing apparatus
Special Fire Hazards: Highly explosive under fire exposure, emits toxic nitrogen oxides on combustion
Precautionary Advice: Always evacuate nonessential personnel; fight fire from maximum distance
Post-Fire Response: Control runoff; limit spread of contaminated water as product poses extra ecological risks
Small Spills: Scoop up gently using non-sparking tools, avoid raising dust, place in airtight, explosion-safe containers
Large Spills: Evacuate area, control sources of ignition, cover with damp sand or earth, consult explosives experts or hazardous materials team
Protective Measures: Don’t work alone, ventilate area, wear recommended PPE
Environmental Release: Prevent entry into sewers, waterways, or soil to avoid significant environmental trauma, especially aquatic harm
Precaution in Handling: Avoid any impact, friction, shock, or static discharge; always use grounded equipment
Storage Requirements: Store away from heat sources and direct sunlight, in cool, dry, well-ventilated, shock- and fireproof areas
Incompatible Materials: Strong reducing agents, organic materials, combustibles, acids
Container Advice: Use only sealed, appropriately labeled, explosion-resistant containers
Practices for Safe Use: Avoid inhaling dust, prevent contamination, never allow near food or personal items
Workplace Controls: Use local exhaust or general ventilation for airborne dust, explosion-proof equipment throughout
Personal Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves, full splash goggles, lab coat, and—during high-risk tasks—face shield and chemical suit
Respiratory Protection: NIOSH-approved respirator when risk of inhaling dust or fumes exists
Hygiene Recommendations: No food or smoking in work areas, wash hands after handling, regularly inspect PPE
Appearance: Bright yellow crystalline solid
Odor: Sharp, bitter, unmistakable
Melting Point: Between 120–125°C
Explosion Sensitivity: High sensitivity to shock, friction, heat
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, more in organic solvents
Vapor Pressure and Density: Negligible vapor pressure, denser than water as a solid
Reactivity: Unstable to strong shock, sunlight, elevated temperature, or mixing with incompatible chemicals
Stability: Generally stable only under strict control; unstable near heat, flames, sunlight
Hazardous Reactions: Acts as a powerful oxidizer; reacts violently with reducing agents; forms dangerously sensitive compounds with metals
Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, phenolic fumes, carbon monoxide—a toxic mix on decomposition or combustion
Specific Risks: Even light handling sometimes produces static or impact risks if precautions slip
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, ingestion
Acute Health Effects: Mucous membrane irritation, strong headaches, respiratory issues, skin burns
Chronic Exposure: Long-term handling can damage liver, kidneys, blood production, cause nervous system issues
Specific Health Risks: Yellow pigmentation of skin (a tell-tale sign of exposure), sometimes hemolysis or anemia in repeated or high exposures
Known Carcinogenicity: No established human carcinogenic link yet, but related nitroaromatics have raised concerns
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful or lethal to aquatic life; even small spills devastate sensitive waterways or soil
Persistence: Resists easy breakdown; lingers in soil and sediments
Potential for Bioaccumulation: Some studies suggest risk, especially in sediments; needs ongoing monitoring
Mobility: Moderate potential for surface transport if released, especially in runoff
Preferred Methods: Managed as hazardous waste; incinerate only in licensed, approved facilities with full air scrubbing
Prohibitions: Never pour down drains, never dispose with regular trash or in open environments
Regulatory Guidance: Disposal often tracked and controlled by hazardous materials laws due to combined explosion and toxicity risks
Hazard Class: Marked as a Class 1 Explosive in most regional and international systems
Packing Requirements: Use only certified, static-resistant, blast-proof packaging
Special Precautions: Only professionally trained teams handle or ship; shipments log additional security and tracking
Accident Response: Any transport mishap prompts emergency shutdown, area isolation, and hazmat response
Global Regulation: Heavily restricted or banned in many countries outside controlled research or defense applications
Workplace Exposure Limits: Local and national agencies set tightly controlled occupational exposure guidelines
Environmental Law: Reporting spills mandatory in most jurisdictions, subject to cleanup orders and fines
Security Monitoring: Ongoing auditing or inventory tracking required by national safety authorities; illegal possession faces harsh penalties
