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Chemical Name: Tri-N-Propylamine
Common Uses: Found most often as a solvent, catalyst, or as an intermediate in chemical manufacturing
Physical Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid, distinct amine odor that stings the nose and lingers
Chemical Formula: C9H21N
Molecular Weight: 143.27 g/mol
GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 3), Acute toxicity (oral and inhalation), Skin and eye irritant
Hazard Statements: Liquid catches fire easily, inhalation or skin contact causes moderate irritation, ingesting large amounts will harm the gut and nervous system
Precautionary Measures: Open flames nearby turn a risky job into an emergency, direct skin or eye contact causes sharp discomfort and potential chemical burns, breathing in fumes invites headaches and nausea
Main Component: Tri-N-Propylamine, 99% or higher
Impurities: Trace amounts of related amines may be present, though most suppliers provide tight purity specs to reduce surprises
Inhalation: Fresh air right away cuts off most of the symptoms, seek medical help if dizziness or breathing difficulty starts to creep in
Skin Contact: Flush thoroughly with water and gentle soap, protective gloves help but missing them means a good rinse is vital
Eye Contact: Remove contacts, rinse eyes with running water for at least fifteen minutes, seek urgent care if burning does not subside
Ingestion: Rinse the mouth and head for a doctor, do not give anything to drink if the person is not fully alert
Flammability: Liquid burns at around 38–43°C (closed cup), so even a warm shop brings risk
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide, water may spread the spill
Special Hazards: Fire breaks down the molecule, releasing toxic nitrogen oxides, burners and first responders need breathing protection
Protective Equipment: Self-contained breathing apparatus and chemical-resistant clothing step between the fire and responder safety
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary staff, keep airflow steady, and don fresh gloves, goggles, and coveralls
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into drains or surface water, tri-n-propylamine poisons aquatic life quickly
Clean-up Methods: For small spills, absorb with inert materials and shovel into secure containers, for large spills, trained staff build dikes and manage vapor risks
Safe Handling: Wear eye and hand protection, keep containers tightly shut, always ground and bond equipment during transfer to dodge static sparks
Storage Requirements: Sheltered, cool, and dry storage, away from acids, oxidizers, strong light, and ignition sources; vent spaces well to stop vapor build-up
Incompatible Materials: Halogens, strong acids, oxidizing agents—mixing these can trigger violent reactions and nasty fumes
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust keeps fumes away from breathing zones, chemical fume hoods in labs cut exposure sharply
Respiratory Protection: Choose organic vapor cartridges or supplied air for heavy exposures
Skin and Eye Protection: Nitrile gloves and chemical splash goggles block contact, long sleeves and aprons prevent stains and irritation
Occupational Exposure Limits: No OSHA PEL or ACGIH TLV published, but similar amines suggest keeping workplace levels in the low ppm range
Boiling Point: 156–158°C, giving off fumes long before reaching flash point
Melting Point: -78°C, liquid at room temperature
Vapor Pressure: Lower than water but not negligible; vapors hang in still air
Density: Around 0.75 g/cm³
Water Solubility: Limited, but enough to cause environmental concerns
Odor Threshold: Sharp, ammonia-like, noticeable at very low concentrations
Chemical Stability: Keeps well in closed, cool systems, open air and light slowly cause breakdown
Reactivity: Contact with strong acids or oxidizers kicks off heat and gaseous by-products
Hazardous Decomposition: Nitrogen oxides and other toxic gases form under fire or extreme heat
Polymerization: Does not polymerize but reacts vigorously with certain chemicals
Acute Exposure: Inhaling concentrated vapor leads to nose and throat discomfort, headaches, and even dizziness
Chronic Effects: Repeated contact dries or cracks skin, continuous low exposure stirs up mild central nervous system symptoms
LD50 Data: Oral LD50 in rats roughly 900 mg/kg
Carcinogenicity: Not listed by NTP, IARC, or OSHA as a known carcinogen
Environmental Impact: Toxic to aquatic life even at moderate concentrations
Persistence: Moderately persistent, breaks down slowly in the environment
Bioaccumulation: Low potential for building up in aquatic organisms, but still harms sensitive species
Soil Mobility: Can seep through soil, especially after spills; contaminates groundwater if neglected
Waste Treatment: Collect in sealed, labeled drums for hazardous chemical disposal, incineration in accordance with all federal and local regulations
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse and manage as hazardous waste
Don’t Dump: Never discharge to sewer, rivers, or soil, accidental releases long outlive the moment for local wildlife
UN Number: UN2730
Proper Shipping Name: Tri-n-propylamine
Transport Hazard Class: Flammable Liquid (Class 3)
Packing Group: III
Labels Required: Flammable Liquid
Key Risks During Transit: Keep away from heat sources, protect containers from falls or leaks on the road and in warehouses
OSHA Status: Regulated as a hazardous material for occupational exposure
EPA Status: Listed as toxic, subject to comprehensive reporting and release controls for larger spills
International: Subject to transport regulations under ADR, IATA, and IMDG codes for flammable liquids
Workplace Guidelines: Strict recordkeeping and safety training for those using or moving the material
